Challenges in Understanding Nibbāna in Contemporary Contexts
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This article aims to explore the challenges in understanding Nibbāna in the modern era. The primary objective is to analyze the factors that have made the concept of Nibbāna, which refers to liberation from suffering and the cycle of birth and death, increasingly complex when interpreted in contemporary social and cultural contexts. The research examines the varying interpretations of Nibbāna across different schools of thought and studies, as well as the impact of social changes such as technological advancements and shifts in lifestyles on the practice of Dharma and the understanding of Nibbāna. The findings reveal that the current interpretations of Nibbāna have become more diverse and complicated due to differences in teachings and practices among various schools. Social and cultural transformations, alongside the modern focus on materialism and rationalism, have further distanced the explanation and understanding of Nibbāna from its original interpretation. Additionally, the expansion of technology and changing lifestyles have led to a closer association of Nibbāna with worldly happiness. This study suggests ways to adjust the interpretation and practice of Dharma to better align with societal changes, thereby facilitating the application of Buddhist principles to modern life more effectively.
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