ความเหลื่อมล้ำเชิงพื้นที่ทางด้านการศึกษาในประเทศจีน
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ในอดีตที่ผ่านมา งานศึกษาวิจัยความเหลื่อมล้ำในประเทศจีนมักศึกษา สองประเด็นหลัก ได้แก่ ความเหลื่อมล้ำเชิงพื้นที่ และความเหลื่อมล้ำทางการศึกษา มีงานวิจัยจำนวนน้อยที่ศึกษาผลกระทบความเหลื่อมล้ำเชิงพื้นที่ต่อการศึกษา การแยกประเด็นวิจัยจึงทำให้ขาดภาพความเชื่อมโยงความสัมพันธ์ของทั้งสองปรากฏการณ์ ในความเป็นจริง ความเหลื่อมล้ำเชิงพื้นที่และความเหลื่อมล้ำทางการศึกษามีความสัมพันธ์กัน ด้วยช่องว่างของงานศึกษาดังกล่าว งานวิจัยนี้จึงมีวัตถุประสงค์เพื่อศึกษาความเหลื่อมล้ำทางการศึกษาที่ได้รับผลกระทบจากปัญหาความเหลื่อมล้ำเชิงพื้นที่ในประเทศจีน ผ่านการศึกษาด้วยระเบียบวิธีวิจัยเชิงคุณภาพจากเอกสารทั้งปฐมภูมิและทุติยภูมิ และใช้กรอบแนวคิดลัทธิเสรีนิยมใหม่ การวิจัยเริ่มการศึกษาตั้งแต่ยุคเหมา เจ๋อตง จนกระทั่งถึงปัจจุบันเพื่อให้เห็นการเปลี่ยนแปลงที่เกิดขึ้น ผลการศึกษาวิจัยพบว่า ความเหลื่อมล้ำเชิงพื้นที่ได้ส่งผลกระทบให้เกิดความเหลื่อมล้ำทางการศึกษาระหว่างภูมิภาค โดยเฉพาะภาคตะวันออกกับภาคตะวันตกของจีน และระหว่างเมืองกับชนบท ซึ่งความเหลื่อมล้ำระหว่างพื้นที่ได้ส่งผลกระทบต่อความเหลื่อมล้ำทางการศึกษา ดังต่อไปนี้ 1) รายได้ของประชากร 2) จำนวนปีการศึกษาเฉลี่ย 3) โอกาสการได้รับการศึกษา 4) ความเหลื่อมล้ำด้านเงินลงทุนและสนับสนุนการศึกษา และ 5) ความเหลื่อมล้ำเชิงภูมิศาสตร์ของที่ตั้งมหาวิทยาลัย
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