A Leadership Model for Housing Estate Business Management in Bangkok and Its Vicinity

Abstract

This research has three objectives: (1) to develop a leadership model for the management of housing estate businesses in Bangkok and its metropolitan area, (2) to validate the structural validity of the model using Second-order Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA), and (3) to identify the leadership components of highest importance for housing estate business operations. A quantitative survey research design was employed. The sample consisted of 380 entrepreneurs and executives involved in housing estate businesses. Data were collected using a five-point Likert scale questionnaire. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) within the framework of Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The results indicate that leadership in housing estate business management represents a hierarchical structure consisting of six key components: strategic management, expertise in housing estate business, networking capability, risk management, emotional intelligence, and leadership ethics. The proposed model demonstrated a good fit with the empirical data (χ²/df = 1.88, RMSEA = .048, CFI = .99). All six components showed statistically significant positive influences, with networking capability and risk management identified as the most influential factors. The findings suggest that effective leadership in the housing estate business requires the integration of strategic competencies, interpersonal capabilities, and ethical leadership in order to enhance sustainable management standards.