Research on the Internal Quality Assurance System of Singapore Education Based on the School Excellence Model
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This article aimed to study: (1) the connotation and content of the School Excellence Model (SEM); (2) the relationship between the SEM and Singapore's internal quality assurance system in education; (3) the characteristics and effectiveness of that system; and (4) the motivations behind its construction. The research design was qualitative, using the School Excellence Model and Total Quality Management as the conceptual framework. The research area was Singapore. The key informants were eight participants—teachers, education professionals, and parents—selected through purposive sampling. The research instruments were three types: (1) a document analysis form; (2) a case study analysis form; and (3) a semi-structured interview guide. Data were analyzed by content analysis and descriptive narration. The research results were found as follows:
- The SEM comprises nine quality standards across two dimensions, namely “Enablers” and “Results.”
- The relationship between the SEM and the internal quality assurance system is expressed through five components: strategic, input, process, outcome, and mechanism assurance.
- The system is characterized by independent school decision-making, comprehensive cause-and-effect assessment, integration of excellence and forward-thinking, and close school–society interaction; and it supports students' holistic development, operational efficiency, continuous improvement, and international competitiveness.
The new knowledge derived from this research is an integrated, closed-loop quality governance model in which the SEM functions as the operational core, linking strategic vision, organizational inputs, educational processes, and measurable outcomes through a self-regulating mechanism sustained by a culture of reflective practice, relational leadership, and community partnership—offering a coherent and transferable reference for countries seeking to build or strengthen their own internal quality assurance systems.
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