Digital divide and public policy implementation

Abstract

This article, entitled “Digital Divide and Public Policy Implementation,” aims to present the phenomenon of the digital divide by examining the dynamics of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) policies in Thailand from the past to the present. It also analyzes inequalities arising from access to and use of digital technologies, as well as the factors contributing to the digital divide in both Thailand and other countries. In addition, the article considers the impacts of adopting digital technology as a tool for implementing public policies. The author collected and analyzed data from academic articles, research studies, and scholarly documents published since 1997

The findings indicate that the digital divide is a common issue in many countries around the world, particularly in developing countries or those with geographical constraints. However, even in developed countries, digital inequality can still be observed, especially in rural areas compared to urban areas. This situation is also evident in Thailand. Although the use of digital technology among Thai citizens has continuously increased, inequality in internet access remains. At the same time, the Thai government has implemented several public policies that rely on digital technology as a tool for delivering services to citizens. As a result, several challenges and obstacles in policy implementation have emerged, including citizens lack of digital skills, the inability of low-income individuals to access smartphones, and limitations in internet accessibility and network performance.

Based on these findings, the author concludes and recommends that the government should prioritize the development of digital infrastructure to ensure comprehensive coverage, quality, and efficiency in order to support the use of modern technologies. At the same time, public policies should be designed in a manner that does not create inequality in citizens’ access to digital services. The state should assume primary responsibility for supporting and developing such infrastructure, while also promoting digital skill development among government agencies and public officials in order to enhance the efficiency of public service delivery. Furthermore, citizens should be encouraged to develop their digital skills so that they can effectively access digital public services and become competent digital citizens in contemporary society.