Local Government Strategies in Disaster Management Preparation: A Case Study of Baguio City, the Philippines
Abstract
Baguio City, Philippines, is frequently exposed to natural disasters that have severe impacts on infrastructure, the economy, and the safety of its residents. This study aims to examine the factors influencing the preparedness of Local Government Units (LGUs) in disaster management and to analyze and propose strategies to enhance the effectiveness and sustainability of LGU disaster management systems. A qualitative research design was employed, collecting data through in-depth interviews with officials from the City Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Office (CDRRMO), LGU representatives, and community members, as well as through documentary analysis.
The findings revealed four critical factors influencing LGU preparedness: (1) infrastructure and technology, such as the Early Warning System (EWS) and the Incident Command System (ICS); (2) management and resources, including budget allocation and personnel capacity; (3) community participation through volunteer training and local disaster monitoring networks; and (4) external support from partner organizations. These four factors were found to be interrelated and mutually reinforcing in shaping local disaster preparedness. At the same time, the study also found that LGUs in Baguio have developed strategies encompassing all four dimensions of the Disaster Management Cycle: prevention, preparedness, response, and recovery. These strategies were characterized by the integration of the identified factors into a systemic approach that enhanced resilience and strengthened the city’s capacity to respond to disasters.
Nevertheless, certain challenges remain, including budget constraints, limitations in the functionality of ICS and EWS in some areas, and difficulties in enforcing land-use regulations in hazard zones. Therefore, Baguio City should prioritize the institutionalization of disaster prevention measures as part of its urban development plans, improve the accessibility and coverage of early warning systems, and continuously strengthen community participation. If these measures are consistently implemented, they will enhance the city’s disaster preparedness and ensure the long-term sustainability of its disaster management system
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