การเปลี่ยนแปลงของรูปแบบความสัมพันธ์ความรัก สู่ศตวรรษที่ 21

Pafun Rachatasakul

doi:10.60027/iarj.2024.279212

Authors

Pafun Rachatasakul College of Interdisciplinary Studies, Thammasat University, Thailand https://orcid.org/0009-0002-6534-2493

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.60027/iarj.2024.279212

Keywords:

Love Relationships, Neoliberal Capitalism, Lee's Love Styles, Historical Development, Contemporary Society

Abstract

Background and Aims: Love relationships evolve with socio-economic contexts, especially in neoliberal capitalism. This study analyzes the development of love relationship patterns from past to present in order to understand love relationships in 21st-century neoliberal capitalist society.

Methodology: This qualitative research uses documentary analysis, applying Lee's love styles theory and historical analysis.

Results: The study finds a significant increase in temporary (Ludus) and pragmatic (Pragma) relationships in the current era, reflecting the influence of individualism, consumerism, and digital technology. Meanwhile, building deep and lasting relationships (Storge) has become a major challenge in neoliberal capitalist society.

Conclusion: This study highlights the importance of understanding love relationships in today's society, especially the impact of neoliberal capitalism. The findings can support further research and may help develop policies to promote quality relationships in our complex society.

References

นพวรรณ เลิศธารากุล. (2022). เศรษฐศาสตร์การเมือง ความเหลื่อมล้ำ และไม่เป็นธรรมทางสังคม – บทความจากเวทีอบรมพัฒนา “ครูกับการสร้างพลเมืองประชาธิปไตย.” Retrieved June 16, 2023, from http://thaiciviceducation.org/th/เศรษฐศาสตร์การเมือง-ควา/

วิทยา เศรษฐวงศ์. (2544). นานาทรรศนะของความรัก. วารสารศิลปศาสตร์ มหาวิทยาลัยธรรมศาสตร์, 1(2), 40-46.

Allyn, D. (2016). Make love, not war: The sexual revolution: An unfettered history. Routledge.

Ansari, A. & Klinenberg, E. (2015). Modern romance. London: Penguin Press.

Bauman, Z. (2003). Liquid Love: On the Frailty of Human Bonds. Cambridge: Polity Press.

Beall, A. E., & Sternberg, R. J. (1995). The social construction of love. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 12(3), 417–438.

Beck, U. (1992). Risk Society. London: Sage.

Becker, G. S. (1993). Human Capital: A Theoretical and Empirical Analysis, with Special Reference to Education (3rd ed.). University of Chicago Press.

Beck-Gernsheim, E. (2002). Reinventing the family: In search of new lifestyles (P. Camiller, Trans.). Polity Press.

Bennett, H. (2005). Love. Retrieved April 21, 2024, from https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/love/.

Ben-Ze'ev, A. (2004). Love online: Emotions on the Internet. Cambridge University Press.

Bloch, M. (2014). Feudal society. London: Routledge.

Bröckling, U. (2015). The entrepreneurial self: Fabricating a new type of subject. Sage.

Brown, W. (2015). Undoing the Demos: Neoliberalism's Stealth Revolution. New York: Zone Books.

Brundage, J. A. (1987). Law, Sex, and Christian Society in Medieval Europe. University of Chicago Press.

Chambers, D. (2013). Social media and personal relationships: Online intimacies and networked friendship. Palgrave Macmillan.

Cherlin, A. J. (2004). The deinstitutionalization of American marriage. Journal of Marriage and Family, 66(4), 848-861.

Coontz, S. (2006). Marriage, A History: From Obedience to Intimacy or How Love Conquered Marriage. Penguin Books.

Duby, G. (1994). Love and Marriage in the Middle Ages. University of Chicago Press.

Evans, R. J. (2013). The feminists: Women's emancipation movements in Europe, America and Australasia 1840-1920. Routledge.

Finkel, E. J., Eastwick, P. W., Karney, B. R., Reis, H. T., & Sprecher, S. (2012). Online dating: A critical analysis from the perspective of psychological science. Psychological Science in the Public Interest, 13(1), 3-66.

Finley, M. I. (1999). The Ancient Economy. University of California Press.

Freedman, L. P., & Isaacs, S. L. (1993). Human rights and reproductive choice. Studies in Family Planning, 24(1), 18-30.

Garnsey, P., & Saller, R. (2014). The Roman Empire: economy, society and culture. Bloomsbury Publishing.

Gerhard, U. (2001). Debating women's equality: Toward a feminist theory of law from a European perspective. New Brunswick, N.J.: Rutgers University Press.

Giddens, A. (1992). The Transformation of Intimacy. Stanford University Press.

Glendon, M. A. (1989). The Transformation of Family Law: State, Law, and Family in the United States and Western Europe. University of Chicago Press.

Gottschall, J., & Nordlund, M. (2006). Romantic Love: A Literary Universal?. Philosophy and Literature, 30(2), 450-470.

Han, B. C. (2017). The agony of eros. MIT Press.

Heer, F. (2008). The Medieval World: Europe, 1100-1350. Transaction Publishers.

Herlihy, D. (1985). Medieval Households. Harvard University Press.

Hunt, P. (2018). Ancient Greek and Roman slavery. John Wiley & Sons.

Illouz, E. (1997) Consuming the Romantic Utopia: love and the cultural contradictions of capitalism. University of California Press.

JobThai. (2022). 9 เหตุผลที่คนทำงานรุ่นใหม่ไม่อยากแต่งงานมีลูก. Retrieved July 6, 2024, from https://blog.jobthai.com/career-tips/ทางเลือกของคนทำงาน-เงินเดือนสูงกับสวัสดิการเด่น-ควรเลือกอะไรดี

Kent, S. (1993). Making peace: The reconstruction of gender in interwar Britain. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.

King, M. L. (2003). The Renaissance in Europe. Laurence King Publishing.

Knapp, M. L. (1978). Social intercourse: From greeting to goodbye. Boston: Allyn & Bacon.

Krueger, R.L. (2000). The Cambridge Companion to Medieval Romance. Cambridge University Press

Kuanpiputkul, P. (2022). รวมรูปแบบความสัมพันธ์ที่ตอบโจทย์คนยุคใหม่ในทุกมิติ “The Freedom of Love”. Retrieved May 8, 2024, from https://www.lips-mag.com/the-freedom-of-love/.

Lee, J. A. (1977). A Typology of Styles of Loving. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 3(2), 173-182. https://doi.org/10.1177/014616727700300204

Lewis, J. (1992). Gender and the Development of Welfare Regimes. Journal of European Social Policy, 2(3), 159-173.

Lomanowska, A. M., & Guitton, M. J. (2021). Online intimacy in times of COVID-19. Human Behavior and Emerging Technologies, 3(3), 364-377.

Lopez, R. S. (1971). The Commercial Revolution of the Middle Ages: 950-1350. Cambridge University Press.

Lystra, K. (1989). Searching the heart: Women, men, and romantic love in nineteenth-century America. New York: Oxford University Press.

May, E. (2008). Homeward bound: American families in the Cold War era. New York: Basic Books.

Nicholson, V. (2008). Singled out: How two million women survived without men after the First World War. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Perry, M., Chase, M., Jacob, J. R., Jacob, M. C., Daly, J. W., & Von Laue, T. H. (2016). Western Civilization: Ideas, Politics, and Society (11th ed.). Cengage Learning.

Perry, T., & Filippone, K. (2017). Science of Love: Theories of Love in the Ancient World. Retrieved May 17, 2024, from https://library.missouri.edu/specialcollections/exhibits/show/science-of-love/theories-of-love-in-the-ancien.

Pietromonaco, P. R., & Overall, N. C. (2020). Applying relationship science to evaluate how the COVID-19 pandemic may impact couples' relationships. American Psychologist, 76(3), 438–450.

Pinchbeck, I. (1930). Women workers and the Industrial Revolution, 1750-1850. London: Routledge.

Plato. (2015). Symposium (Jowett, B., Trans.). London: Aeterna Pass.

Pomeroy, S. B. (1995). Goddesses, whores, wives, and slaves: Women in classical antiquity. Schocken Books Incorporated.

Rosenfeld, M. J. (2017). Marriage, choice, and couplehood in the age of the Internet. Sociological Science, 4, 490-510.

Sumter, S. R., Vandenbosch, L., & Ligtenberg, L. (2017). Love me Tinder: Untangling emerging adults' motivations for using the dating application Tinder. Telematics and Informatics, 34(1), 67-78.

Tan, K., & Tay, L. (2022). Relationships and well-being. In R. Biswas-Diener & E. Diener (Eds), Noba textbook series: Psychology. Champaign, IL: DEF publishers. Retrieved January 2, 2024, from http://noba.to/h2tu6sxn.

Thompson, E. P. (1963). The making of the English working class. New York: Vintage Books.

Turkle, S. (2011). Alone together: Why we expect more from technology and less from each other. Basic Books.

Wiederhold, B. K. (2021). How COVID-19 has changed online dating—and what lies ahead. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 24(7), 435-436.

Wiesner-Hanks, M. E. (2019). Women and Gender in Early Modern Europe (4th ed.). Cambridge University Press.

Witte, J. (1997). From sacrament to contract: Marriage, religion, and law in the Western tradition. Westminster John Knox Press.

Wood, E. M. (2002). The Origin of Capitalism: A Longer View. Verso.

Zhao, X., Sosik, V. S., & Cosley, D. (2012). It's complicated: How romantic partners use Facebook. Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, 771-780.