The State of Media Literacy Research in Thailand [1997-2017]
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Abstract
The objectives of this research are to synthesize knowledge derived from research on media literacy in Thailand and to give recommendations for future researches. This study covers researches within the 20-year period from 1997 up until 2017, making the total of 120 researches. Focus groups were conducted with experts from various fields, and the results were as follows: researches meeting the objective relating to media users’ literacy accounted for the largest proportion, and the majority of them were master’s degree theses and general institution-funded research based on the classification of the publication. Survey researches accounted for the biggest amount. Questionnaire was the main research method used among the samples, and the focus was on the minors. Within the last five years, there was a proliferation of researches focusing on Internet as a medium and advertising was the most frequently found content. In terms of theoretical framework, the employment of the traditional concept of media literacy and concept of receiver ranked first and second respectively. In making recommendations, it was found that there were too many researches following the same paths and patterns including researches using theoretical concept of media literacy without putting an emphasis on specific context, researches focusing on the minors in high schools and universities, researches focusing on traditional media, advertising, and researches using solely questionnaire. For this reason, future researches should be focusing on development of media literacy to improve critical thinking, evaluation, and creative skills for media production, along with focusing on the topics as follows: active audience within new media landscape, digital context, cyber bullying, and hate speech or hate communication. In terms of research population, the emphasis should be on media literacy in different generation, especially the elderly, or on media literacy in specific groups including media content providers or parents or adult guardians. Fresh concepts and theories should be utilized such as Digital Quotient, Transmedia Literacy, or new indicators for Thai context should be developed.
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