Utilization of Social Capital on the Development of the Lower Chi River Basin Network for Dam Impact Mitigation

Abstract

This participatory action research study examined the impacts posed by the construction of Roi Et Dam, Yasothon-Phanom Phrai Dam, and That Noi Dam and the models of social capital used by the Lower Chi River Basin villagers to develop a social movement network that addresses such impacts. Data collection included in-depth interviews, focus groups, group discussions, and participant observations. Fifteen Lower Chi River Basin Villagers Network leaders served as key informants, and 100 to 300 members participated in the activity. The results of this study are twofold. First, the construction of the three dams affected agricultural, livelihood, and watershed ecosystems, causing recurrent flooding in the agricultural areas and village residences. Villagers confronted with these issues then formed the Lower Chi River Basin Villagers Network to seek compensation for lost opportunities from various authorities. Environmental NGOs support the development of the network and its demand for rights to manage communal resources and claim compensation for the loss of agricultural opportunities. These NGOs also explore ways to rehabilitate the Lower Chi River Basin ecosystems. Second, regarding the models of social capital used in the operation of the village network, villagers use social capital that already exists within their community. They do developmental work by incorporating cultural dimensions into their social movement. Moreover, they employ social capital to address various issues, including the claim of rights with the government. They also use social capital with resource recovery and networking to manage villager organizations and cultivate their common ideology in the Lower Chi River Basin.