DHARMARAT DHARMARAJA AND THE THAI POLITICAL PHENOMENON

Abstract

This academic article aims to study the foundations of political thought and behavior and to propose guidelines for establishing good governance for sustainable political development. The study's findings regarding the foundations of Thai politics indicate that Thai politics has been influenced by the concept of "Dhamma-Raja" (Righteous Kingship), a principle of reigning with righteousness that has been deeply embedded in Thai society for a long time. This concept influences public expectations regarding the ethics of leaders. Regarding the application of Dhamma-State and Dhamma-Raja during transitional periods, the monarchy has played a role as a spiritual center and in resolving political crises through the "Ten Kingly Virtues" (Tossapit Ratchatham). Meanwhile, "Dhamma-State" or Good Governance has been utilized as a tool for bureaucratic and political reform to ensure transparency. In terms of development guidelines, establishing political stability requires the integration of Dhamma-Raja (leadership ethics) and Dhamma-State (good management mechanisms). This integration aims to balance authority with responsibility toward the people, ultimately leading to the development of a democracy that is consistent with Thailand's cultural context.