GUIDELINES FOR ORGANIZING COOPERATIVE TEACHING ACCORDING TO THE FOUR PRINCIPLES OF SANGHAWATTHU OF THE NAWAPAT SCHOOL GROUP, RAYONG PROVINCE

Abstract

This research article aimed to 1) study the status of cooperative learning management, 2) develop cooperative learning management according to the principles of the four social objects, and 3) propose the guidelines for cooperative learning management according to the principles of Four Saṅgahavatthu (Bases of social solidarity) of the Nawapat School Group, Rayong Province. This research was a mixed-method research. The quantitative research used a questionnaire of the entire population in the research, which were administrators and teachers of the Nawapat School Group, Rayong Province, totaling 92 people. The data were analyzed using statistics, namely percentage, frequency, mean, standard deviation, and qualitative research used interviews with 11 key informants. The data were analyzed using content analysis.

The research results found that 1) The overall and individual conditions of cooperative learning management were at a high level, ranked from most to least as follows: positive interaction or interdependence, individual responsibility, promotion of face-to-face interaction, social skills, and group process, respectively. 2) The development method of cooperative learning management based on the principles of the four social factors of Nawapat School Group, Rayong Province was a guideline for cooperative learning management in 5 aspects: group process, social skills, promotion of face-to-face interaction, individual responsibility, and positive interaction or interdependence, integrated according to the principles of Four Saṅgahavatthu: (1) Dna:  generosity, sharing, sacrificing, and helping others. (2) Piyavc: kind words, speaking politely and appropriately with time, place, and person. (3) Atthacariy: making oneself useful according to one's intellectual, knowledge, and abilities, and (4) Samnatt: conducting oneself consistently and appropriately according to one's position and duties to benefit the development of teaching and learning of the Nawapat School Group, Rayong Province. 3) The development guideline for collaborative teaching and learning based on the Four Saṅgahavatthu, consisting of (1) group process based on the Four Saṅgahavatthu, strengthening group cooperation and developing a joint decision-making process. (2) Social skills based on the Four Saṅgahavatthu, strengthening effective communication and creating understanding and acceptance of differences. (3) Promoting face-to-face interaction based on the Four Saṅgahavatthu, promoting open and direct communication and supporting open and collaborative decision-making. (4) Individual responsibility based on the Four Saṅgahavatthu, promoting personal responsibility in working together, and monitoring and evaluating work results, and (5) Positive interaction or interdependence based on the Four Saṅgahavatthu, creating an atmosphere conducive to joint interaction and strengthening teamwork skills.