Sustainable Consumption: Concepts, Policies, and Practices for Sustainable Development

Abstract

         Sustainable consumption is a critical factor in driving sustainable development at both global and national levels. This article aims to explore new concepts, theories, and knowledge on sustainable consumption. The objectives are to examine the current consumption situation in Thailand, analyze international policies and measures that promote sustainable consumption, and propose appropriate strategies for Thailand by linking consumption concepts with resource management to shape consumption patterns and behaviors. These patterns directly affect long-term economic, social, and environmental stability, aligning with the United Nations Sustainable Development Framework.

         The study found that Thailand faces several  development challenges, including heavy reliance on natural resources, inefficient energy use, and high levels of waste generation. Lessons can be drawn from countries such as Japan and the Scandinavian nations, which emphasize strategies that reduce environmental impacts while creating sustainable economic value. Key approaches include supporting the circular economy, reducing plastic use, and developing renewable energy. For Thailand, these approaches should be adapted through policy analysis and the implementation of measures that encourage sustainable consumption.

         Although Thailand has consistently promoted the sufficiency economy philosophy, current efforts remain concentrated on the local and agricultural sectors. Meanwhile, new approaches—such as circular resource management in industry and the development of environmentally friendly technologies—require stronger promotion at both policy and practical levels to generate tangible results. This can be achieved by strengthening environmental infrastructure, providing incentives for businesses and citizens, and fostering collaboration among governments, the private sector, and the public to encourage responsible consumption behaviors. Such a transition is only possible through the effective integration of all sectors. This article underscores the need for collective engagement in sustainable practices to ensure a positive and resilient future.