กระจายอำนาจใหม่ รักษาอารมณ์ นับรวมทุกคน: บทเรียนจากขบวนการด้านการเปลี่ยนแปลงสภาพภูมิอากาศระดับโลก
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บทคัดย่อ
บทความนี้สำรวจว่ายุทธศาสตร์และยุทธวิธีใดบ้างส่งผลต่อความสำเร็จของขบวนการเคลื่อนไหวด้านการเปลี่ยนแปลงสภาพภูมิอากาศระดับโลก ผู้วิจัยใช้วิธีการวิจัยเชิงคุณภาพโดยการศึกษาเอกสารวิชาการและเอกสารชั้นต้นเกี่ยวกับขบวนการ 3 ขบวนการ ได้แก่ ขบวนการขบถต่อต้านการสูญพันธุ์ ขบวนการวันศุกร์เพื่ออนาคต และขบวนการป่าฝนโลก บทความเสนอว่า ยุทธศาสตร์และยุทธวิธีที่นำไปสู่ความสำเร็จหรือที่ถูกปรับปรุงขึ้นใหม่หลังจากเผชิญความล้มเหลวของขบวนการระดับโลกมี 3 กลุ่ม ได้แก่ กลุ่มแรกคือการปรับรูปแบบการจัดขบวนการแบบกระจายอำนาจใหม่ โดยเพิ่มยุทธวิธี "สร้างกลุ่มคนในย่านการใช้ชีวิตเดียวกัน" และการประเมินยุทธศาสตร์ร่วมกันอย่างจริงจังก่อนนำไปใช้ โดยเฉพาะเมื่อเผชิญกับบริบทที่อาจนำไปสู่ความขัดแย้งภายใน กลุ่มที่สองคือการจูงใจและรักษาอารมณ์ของผู้เข้าร่วมขบวนการโดยการสร้างเรื่องเล่าที่เป็นแบบเฉพาะบุคคลผ่านโซเชียลมีเดีย การชูภารกิจทางศีลธรรม และการฟื้นฟูอารมณ์ของสมาชิก และกลุ่มสุดท้ายคือ การ “นับรวมทุกคน” โดยการปรับปรุงยุทธวิธีขัดขวางท้าทายระบบปกติและการประยุกต์ใช้ "ยุทธศาสตร์ผ้าห่ม"
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