The Rise of the Chinese Community before Railways: The Impact of International Politics towards the Chinese Community Establishment in Ubon Ratchathani

บทคัดย่อ

            Thailand’s northeastern region was located in the inner land of mainland Southeast Asia, considered a transcontinental region connected from the east coast and west coast of mainland Southeast Asia before the 19th century. However, there is no evidence of the permanent community established in the Northeastern region until the 19^th century that the Thai government needed to survive colonial expansion, Thai government to reform its polity for global economic integration, such as economic reform for all countries as well as train networks to serve the recent development. This encouraged the Chinese people to establish a permanent community in Northeastern Thailand. The foreign treaty with the major powers encouraged the transformed Chinese sojourner to become of the regional development. Some have argued that the Chinese community emerged because of the railway, based on this research it emerged before the time of the development of the railways in Isan. This paper examines the role of modernization policy to encourage the emergence of the Chinese community in Ubon Ratchathani before the construction of the railways,   this research is based on historical evidence as well as collective memories to find the origin of the community.