The Evolution of Qatar Airways in Australia’s International Air Travel Market

Authors

  • Glenn Baxter School of Tourism and Hospitality Management, Suan Dusit University, Thailand

Keywords:

Airline, Airline passenger market share, Aviation market, Case study, Qatar Airways

Abstract

The objective of this study was to examine the evolution of Qatar Airways in Australia’s international air travel market. The study covers the period 2009 to 2021. Qatar Airway’s Australian route network has evolved since the airline first commenced services to Melbourne in 2009. The airline expanded its Australian route network in 2012, when it introduced services to Perth, Western Australia. Adelaide and Sydney were added to the airline’s Australian route network in 2016. In 2018, Canberra joined the airline’s Australian route network. The airline introduced services to Brisbane in 2020, thus giving it five Australian gateway airports. In May 2022, Qatar Airways and Virgin Australia signed a partnership agreement which includes a codeshare agreement and loyalty partnership benefits. The new codeshare agreement will enable Qatar Airways’ passengers to travel to 35 destinations throughout Virgin Australia’s domestic network. In addition, Qatar Airways passengers will also have access to Virgin Australia’s recently relaunched short-haul international markets including Fiji and Queenstown, New Zealand. Qatar Airways inbound and outbound passenger traffic exhibited an upward growth trend from 2009 to 2019. Qatar Airways annual enplaned inbound passengers increased from a low of 2,468 passengers in 2009 to a high of 611,716 passengers in 2019. The airline’s enplaned outbound passengers increased from a low of 2,407 passengers in 2009 to a high of 663,444 passengers in 2019. Importantly, Qatar Airways continued to serve Australia’s international air travel market in both 2020 and 2021. However, the COVID 19 pandemic and the related government response measures had an impact on the airline’s passenger traffic in both 2020 and 2021. The case study also revealed that throughout the study period Qatar Airways deployed larger aircraft types, for example, the Airbus A350-1000 and the Airbus A380, to accommodate the higher levels of passenger demand in the Australian markets that it served.

References

Adrienne, N., Budd, L., & Ison, S. (2020). Grounded aircraft: An airfield operations perspective of the challenges of resuming flights post COVID. Journal of Air Transport Management, 89, 101921.

Alkaabi, K. (2016). Geographies of Middle Eastern air transport. In A.R. Goetz & L. Budd (Eds.), The geographies of air transport. Abingdon: Routledge.

Andersson, M. (2005). The new airline code: Why the industry must be programmed to a public-private integration. Lincoln: iUniverse.

Andrew, D.P.S., Pedersen, P.M., & McEvoy CD. (2011). Research methods and design in sport management. Champaign: Human Kinetics.

Ang, S.H. (2014). Research design for business & management. London: SAGE Publications.

Arora, M., Tuchen, S., Nazemi, M., & Blessing, L. (2021). Airport pandemic response: An assessment of impacts and strategies after one year with COVID-19. Transportation Research Interdisciplinary Perspectives, 11, 100449.

Australian Aviation. (2015). Qatar Airways heading to Sydney. Retrieved December 10, 2018 from https://australianaviation.com.au/2015/09/qatar-airways-headingto-sydney/

Australian Aviation. (2016). Qatar Airways becomes Sydney’s latest A380 operator. Retrieved January 20, 2018 from https://australianaviation.com.au/2016/09/qatar-air ways-becomes-sydney-airports-latest-a380-operator/.

Australian Aviation. (2017). Qatar Airways to fly Airbus A380 to Perth from May 5, 2018. Retrieved from https://australianaviation.com.au/2017/12/qatar-airways-tofly-airbus-a380-to-perth-from-may-2018/

Australian Aviation. (2018a). Qatar Airways optimistic about Canberra route. Retrieved May 20, 2018 from https://australianaviation.com.au/2019/12/qatar-airwaysoptimistic-about-canberra-route/

Australian Aviation. (2018b). Qatar Airways upgauges to the A380 on Doha-Perth. Retrieved June 1, 2018 from https://australianaviation.com.au/2018/05/qatar-airways-upgauges-to-the-a380-on-doha-perth/

Australian Aviation. (2019a). Qatar Airways begins Airbus A350-1000 operations to Australia. Retrieved May 15, 2020 from https://australianaviation.com.au/2019/11/qatar-airways-begins-airbus-a350-1000-operationsto-australia/.

Australian Aviation. (2019b). Qatar Airways to fly Airbus A350-1000 to Adelaide. Retrieved March 10, 2020 from https://australianaviation.com.au/2019/10/qatarairways-to-fly-airbus-a350-1000-to-adelaide/

Baxter, G. (2021). Mitigating an Airport’s Carbon Footprint Through the Use of “Green” Technologies: The Case of Brisbane and Melbourne Airports, Australia. International Journal of Environment, Agriculture and Biotechnology, 6(6), 29-39.

Baxter, G.S., & Bardell, N.S. (2017). Can the renewed interest in ultra-long-range passenger flights be satisfied by the current generation of civil aircraft? Aviation, 21(2), 42-54.

Baxter, G., & Srisaeng, P. (2018). The Use of an artificial neural network to predict Australia’s export air cargo demand. International Journal for Traffic and Transport Engineering, 8(1), 15 – 30.

Baxter, G., & Srisaeng, P. (2022). The development of the low-cost carriers in the Australia Indonesia air travel market. Journal of Sustainable Tourism Development, 4(1), 32-57.

Baxter, G., Srisaeng, P., & Wild, G. (2018). The role of the Airbus A380-800 aircraft in a full service network airline’s commercial operations and route network design: The case of Thai Airways international. Aeronautics and Aerospace Open Access Journal, 2(4), 223-236.

Belobaba, P.P. (2016). Overview of Airline Economics, Markets and Demand. In P. Belobaba, A. Odoni, & C. Barnhart (Eds.), The global airline industry (2nd ed.). Chichester: John Wiley & Sons.

Bowen, J.T. (2010). The economic geography of air transportation: Space, time and the freedom of the sky. Abingdon: Routledge.

Bows, A., Anderson, K., & Peeters, P. (2009). Air transport, climate change and tourism. Tourism and Hospitality Planning & Development, 6(1), 7-20.

Brandler, H. (2022). Qatar Airways signs partnership with Virgin Australia. Retrieved January 2, 2023 from https://www.businesstraveller.com/businesstravel/2022/05/12/qatar-airways-signs-partnershipwith-virgin-australia/

Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2022). Thematic analysis: A practical guide. London: Sage Publications. Brueckner, J.K. (2001). The economics of international codesharing: An analysis of airline alliances. International Journal of Industrial Organization, 19(10), 1475-1498.

Bureau of Infrastructure, Transport and Regional Economics. (2010). International airline activity 2009. Retrieved May 5, 2018 from https://www.bitre.gov.au/sites/default/files/international_airline_activity_CY09.pdf.

Bureau of Infrastructure, Transport and Regional Economics. (2011). International airline activity 2010. Retrieved May 20, 2018 from https://www.bitre.gov.au/sites/default/files/international_airline_activity_CY10.pdf.

Bureau of Infrastructure, Transport and Regional Economics. (2012). International Airline Activity 2011. Retrieved May 10, 2018 from https://www.bitre.gov.au/sites/default/files/international_airline_activity_CY11.pdf

Bureau of Infrastructure, Transport and Regional Economics. (2013). International airline activity 2012. Retrieved June 5, 2018 from https://www.bitre.gov.au/sites/default/files/international_airline_activity_CY2012.pdf

Bureau of Infrastructure, Transport and Regional Economics. (2014). International airline activity 2013. Retrieved June 14, 2018 from https://www.bitre.gov.au/sites/default/files/international_airline_activity_CY2013.pdf

Bureau of Infrastructure, Transport and Regional Economics. (2015). International airline activity 2014. Retrieved May 30, 2018 from https://www.bitre.gov.au/sites/default/files/international_airline_activity_CY2014.pdf

Bureau of Infrastructure, Transport and Regional Economics. (2016). International airline activity 2015. Retrieved June 20, 2018 from https://www.bitre.gov.au/sites/default/files/international_airline_activity_CY2015.pdf

Bureau of Infrastructure, Transport and Regional Economics. (2017). International airline activity 2016. Retrieved May 16, 2019 from https://www.bitre.gov.au/sites/default/files/international_airline_activity_CY2016.pdf

Bureau of Infrastructure, Transport and Regional Economics. (2018). International airline activity 2017. Retrieved March 10, 2019 from https://www.bitre.gov.au/sites/default/files/international_airline_activity_CY2017.pdf

Bureau of Infrastructure, Transport and Regional Economics. (2019). International airline activity 2018. Retrieved June 10, 2019 from https://www.bitre.gov.au/sites/default/files/international_airline_activity_CY2018.pdf

Bureau of Infrastructure, Transport and Regional Economics. (2020). International airline activity 2019. Retrieved March 7, 2019 from https://www.bitre.gov.au/sites/default/files/documents/international_airline_activity_cy2019.pdf

Bureau of Infrastructure, Transport and Regional Economics. (2021). International airline activity 2020. Retrieved June 20, 2021 from https://www.bitre.gov.au/sites/default/files/documents/international_airline_activity_cy2020.pdf

Bureau of Infrastructure, Transport and Regional Economics. (2022). International airline activity 2021. Retrieved January 20, 2023 from https://www.bitre.gov.au/sites/default/files/documents/international_airline_activity_cy2021.pdf

Button, K.J., Haynes, K., & Stough, R. (1998). Flying into the future: Air transport policy in the European Union. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar Publishing.

Castillo-Manzano, J.I., López-Valpuesta, L., & Pedregal, D.J. (2012). What role will hubs play in the LCC point-topoint connections era? The Spanish experience. Journal of Transport Geography, 24, 262-270.

Centre for Aviation. (2015). Qatar Airways to fly to Sydney as bilateral is relaxed. It will need on-carriage & Doha connections. Retrieved May 20, 2019 from https://centreforaviation.com/analysis/reports/qatar-airwaysfly-to-sydney-as-bilateral-is-relaxed-it-will-need-oncarriage-and-doha-connections-246688

Clark, P. (2007). Buying the big jets: fleet planning for airlines (2nd ed.). Aldershot: Ashgate Publishing.

Coates Ulrichsen, K. (2017). The United Arab Emirates: Power, politics, and policy making. Abingdon: Routledge. Curran, A. (2022). Why is Qatar Airways now flying into Brisbane? Retrieved January 5, 2023 from https://simpleflying.com/qatar-airways-brisbane-australia/

Cusmano, J. (2022). Qatar Airways increases frequency to Australia. Retrieved January 15, 2023 from https://www.traveldailymedia.com/qatar-airways-increasesfrequency-to-australia/

Debbage, K., & Debbage, N. (2022). Sustainable innovation in the global airline industry. In I. Booyens & P. Brouder (Eds.), Handbook of innovation for sustainable tourism. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar Publishing.

Dempsey, P. S., & Gesell, L. E. (1997). Airline management: strategies for the 21st century. Chandler: Coast Aire Publications.

Derrington, M. L. (2019). Qualitative longitudinal methods: Researching, implementation and change. Thousand Oaks: SAGE Publications.

Deveci, M., Çiftçi, M., Zeki Akyurt, I., & Santibanez Gonzalez, E.D.R. (2022). Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on the Turkish civil aviation industry. Sustainable Operations and Computers, 3, 93-102.

Dileep, M. R., & Kurien, A. (2021). Air transport and tourism: Interrelationship, operations, and strategies. Abingdon: Routledge.

Doganis, R. (2019). Flying off course: Airline economics and marketing (5th ed.). Abingdon: Routledge. D’Souza, D. N., & Dunshea, F. R. (2021). Impact of COVID-19 on the Australian pork industry. Animal Frontiers, 11(1), 19-22.

Duval, D.T. (2013). Critical issues in air transport and tourism. Tourism Geographies, 15(3), 494-510.

Ehmer, H., Berster, P., Bischoff, G., Grimme, W., Grunewald, E., & Maertens, S. (2008). Analyses of the European air transport market: Airline business models. Retrieved May 2, 2019 from https://ec.europa.eu/transport/sites/transport/files/modes/air/doc/abm_ report_2008.pdf

Elliot, M. (2009). Qatar Airways flies into Australia. Retrieved from https://www.traveldailymedia.com/qatar-airways-flies-into-australia/

Eyre, D. (2019). Qatar Airways Airbus A380 returns to Perth services after temporary downsize to Boeing 777- 300ER. Retrieved 20 January, 2022 from https://www.aviationwa.org.au/2019/12/08/qatar-airways-airbusa380-returns-to-perth-services-after-temporarydownsize-to-boeing-777-300er/

Fan, T. P. C. (2019). Strategic response from SingaporeAirlines to the rapid expansion of global, full-service hub carriers in the Middle East. In X. Fu & J. Peoples (Eds.), Airline Economics in Asia (33-60). Bingley: Emerald Group Publishing.

Feitelson, E. (2019). Equity aspects of transportation in a multi-network world: A societal perspective. In R. Hickman, B. Mella Lira, M. Givone & K. Geurs (Eds.), A Companion to Transport, Space and Equity. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar Publishing.

Franke, M. (2018). Network design strategies. In P.J. Bruce, Y. Gao & J.M.C. King (Eds.), Airline operations: A practical guide. Abingdon: Routledge.

Frawley, G. (2018). Qatar Airways touches down in Canberra. Retrieved June 15, 2020 from https://australianaviation.com.au/2018/02/qatar-airwaystouches-down-in-canberra/

Gao, H., & Ren, M. (2020). Overreliance on China and dynamic balancing in the shift of global value chains in response to global pandemic COVID-19: An Australian and New Zealand perspective. Asian Business & Management, 19, 306-310.

Garrow, L.A., Lurkin, V., & Marla, L. (2022). Airline or innovations Soar During COVID-19 recovery. Operations Research Forum, 3, 14.

Guest, G., MacQueen, K. M., & Namey, E. E. (2012). Applied Thematic Analysis. London: SAGE Publications. Gulf News. (2016). Qatar Airways celebrates inaugural flight from Doha to Sydney. Retrieved May 20, 2018 from https://www.gulf-times.com/story/483074/Qatar-Airways-celebrates-inaugural-flight-from-Doha-toSydney

Hamad MA Fetais, A., Al-Kwifi, O.S., U Ahmed, Z., & Khoa Tran, D. (2021). Qatar Airways: Building a global brand. Journal of Economic and Administrative Sciences, 37(3), 319-336.

Hasoh, A., Seanyen, T., Choyprasit, W., Premmnisakul, V., & Srayudh, K. (2021). Qatar Airways business plan analysis (SWOT). Nimitmai Review Journal, 4(1), 34-37.

Hassett, M.E., & Paavilainen-Mäntymäki, E. (2013). Longitudinal research in organizations: An introduction. In: M.E. Hassett & E. PaavilainenMäntymäki (Eds.), Handbook of Longitudinal Research Methods in Organisation and Business Studies. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar Publishing.

Hätty, H., & Hollmeier, H. (2003). Airline strategy in the 2001/2002 crisis—The Lufthansa example. Journal of Air Transport Management, 9(1), 51-55.

Holloway, S. (2016). Straight and Level: Practical Airline Economics (3rd ed.). Abingdon: Routledge.

Iatrou, K., & Tsitsiragou, E. (2016). Leisure travel, network carriers and alliances. In A. Graham, A. Papatheodorou & P. Forsyth (Eds.), Aviation and tourism: Implications for leisure travel. Abingdon: Routledge.

Inkson, C., & Minnaert, L. (2022). Tourism Management: An Introduction (3rd ed.). London: Sage Publications. Ltd. Juniper, C. (2022). Qatar Airways boosts Adelaide flight frequency, putting South Australia at the top of the holiday list for international visitors. Retrieved 6 January, 2022 from https://showcasesa.com.au/qatar-airways-boosts-adelaide-flight-frequencyputting-south-australia-at-the-top-of-the-holidaylist-for-international-visitors/

Kalaian, S.A., & Kasim, R.M. (2008). Longitudinal Studies. In: P.J. Lavrakas (Ed.), Encyclopedia of Survey Research Methods. Thousand Oaks: SAGE Publications.

Koch, B. (2010). Aviation strategy and business models. In A.Wald, C. Fay, & R. Gleich (Eds), Introduction to aviation management. Münster: LIT Verlag.

Kuljanin, J., & Kalić, N. (2016). The uprise of the Middle East carriers – emirate’s path towards success. In O. Jaško & S. Marinković (Eds.), Proceedings of the XV International Symposium Reshaping the Future Through Sustainable Business Development and Entrepreneurship, Ziatibor, Serbia. Belgrade: University of Belgrade.

Law, C.C.H., & Lin, E. (2022). Do ultra long haul flights attract more premium class passengers? In K. Kankaew (Ed.), Global air transport management and reshaping business models for the new era. Hershey: IGI Global.

Lohmann, G., & Spasojevic, B. (2018). Airline business strategy. In N. Halpern & A. Graham (Eds.), The Routledge companion to air transport management (pp. 139-153). Abingdon: Routledge.

Liu, J. (2020). Qatar Airways Brisbane / Auckland Sep/Oct 2020 aircraft changes. Retrieved 10 January, 2022 from https://www.routesonline.com/news/38/airlineroute/293794/qatar-airways-brisbane-aucklandsepoct-2020-aircraft-changes/

Maslen, R. (2016). Qatar Airways boosts capacity into Melbourne with A380 deployment. Retrieved May 8, 2018 from https://www.routesonline.com/news/29/breaking-news/270376/qatar-airways-boosts-capacityinto-melbourne-with-a380-deployment/

McCutchen, D.M. & Meredith, J.R. (1993). Conducting case study research in operations management. Journal of Operations Management, 11(3), 239-256.

Mentzer, J.T., & Flint, D.J. (1997). Validity in logistics research. Journal of Business Logistics, 18(1), 199-216.

Miller, R. (2016). Desert kingdoms to global powers. Ceredigion: Gomer Press Limited. Milne, S. (2020) Qatar Airways to resume Brisbane Services. Retrieved 8 January, 2022 from https://australianaviation.com.au/2020/05/qatar-airways-to-resume-brisbane-services/

Morrell, P.S. (2021). Airline Finance (5th ed.). Abingdon: Routledge. Neale, B. (2019). What is Qualitative Longitudinal Research? London: Bloomsbury Academic.

O’Connell, J.F. (2011). The Rise of the Arabian Gulf Carriers: An Insight into the Business Model of Emirates Airline. Journal of Air Transport Management, 17(6), 339-346.

O’Connell, J.F. (2018). The Global Airline Industry. In N. Halpern & A. Graham (Eds.), The Routledge Companion to Air Transport Management. Abingdon: Routledge.

Ojogiwa, O. T. (2021). The crux of strategic leadership for a transformed public sector management in Nigeria. International Journal of Business and Management Studies, 13(1), 83-96.

Pearson, J. (2022). Qatar Airways confirms the Airbus A380’s return to Perth. Retrieved 10 January, 2023 from https://simpleflying.com/qatar-airways-perthairbus-a380- return/

Petcu, C. (2021). The role of Qatar Airways in the economic development of Qatar: Before and during the Gulf crisis. In M. Zweiri, M.M. Rahman & A. Kamal (Eds,) The 2017 Gulf crisis. Gulf studies. Volume 3. Singapore: Springer.

Piccioni, C., Stolfa,A., & Musso,A. (2022). Exogenous shocks on the air transport business: The effects of a global emergency. In R. Maćario & E. Van den Voorde (Eds.), The air transportation industry: Economic conflict and competition. Amsterdam: Elsevier.

Qatar Airways. (2009). Qatar Airways flies into Australia. Retrieved May 20, 2018 from https://www.qatarairways.com/en-ch/press-releases/2009/ Dec/PressRelease_07Dec09.html

Qatar Airways. (2020). Qatar Airways becomes the only international airline to service five major Australian cities, with flights resuming to Adelaide. Retrieved 8 January, 2022 from https://www.qatarairways.com/en/press-releases/2020/August/ADL.html

Qatar Airways. (2022). Our fleet. Retrieved 10 January, 2023 from https://www.qatarairways.com/en/fleet.html

Remenyi, D., Williams, B., Money,A., & Swartz, E.A. (2010). Doing Research in Business and Management: An Introduction to Process and Method. London: SAGE Publications.

Reynolds-Feighan, A. J. (1994). The E.U. and U.S. Air Freight Markets: Network Organization in a Deregulated Environment. Transport Reviews, 14(3), 193-217.

Sarilgan, A.E (2016). Impact of Low-cost Carriers on Turkish Tourism Industry. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 6(4), 176- 188.

Scott, J. (2014). A Dictionary of Sociology (4th ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. Scott, J., & Marshall, G. (2009). A Dictionary of sociology (3rd ed.). New York: Oxford University Press. Soni, Y.P. (2016). Organization restructuring. London: Xlibrius Publishing Company.

Srisaeng, P., & Baxter, G. (2017). Modelling Australia’s outbound passenger demand using an artificial neural network approach. International Journal for Traffic and Transport Engineering, 7(4), 406 – 423.

Sulistya, I.A.P., & Ginaya, G. (2020). Corporate social responsibility implementation on aviation company: A case study in Qatar Airways. International Journal of Green Tourism Research and Applications, 2(1), 41-46.

Thorn, A. (2020). Qatar Airways increases capacity to Australia, adds Brisbane. Retrieved 10 January, 2022 from https://australianaviation.com.au/2020/03/qatar-airways-increases-capacity-to-australia-addsbrisbane/

Thorn, A. (2022). Qatar hits 97% seats full as COVID gamble pays off. Retrieved 10 January, 2023 from https://australianaviation.com.au/2022/10/exclusive-qatar-hits-97-seats-full-as-covid-gamblepays-off/

Tourism Council Western Australia. (2012). Perth connects with Qatar and beyond. Retrieved May 10, 2018 from https://tourismcouncilwa.com.au/advocacyresearch/media-releases/perth-connects-qatar-andbeyond

Tsiotas, D., Erdem, U., & Mert Cubukcu, K. (2020). Outlining the historical framework of the aviation sector in Turkey: Aspatiotemporal approach. Regional Statistics, 10(2), 117–141.

Tunali, R. E. (2022). Impacts of the COVID-19 outbreak on the aviation industry: The case of Qatar Airways during the COVID-19 pandemic. İktisat İşletme ve Uluslararası İlişkiler Dergisi, 1(1), 88-116.

Vasigh, B., & Azadian, F. (2022). Aircraft valuation in volatile market conditions: Guiding towards profitability and prosperity. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland.

Vespermann, J., & Holztrattner, S. (2010). The air transport system. In A. Wald, C. Fay & R. Gleich (Eds), Introduction to Aviation Management. Münster: LIT Verlag.

Vowles, T. M. (2000). The geographic effects of US Airline alliances. Journal of Transport Geography, 8(4), 277-285.

Wald, A. (2016). Low-cost carriers in the Middle East. In S. Gross & M. Lück (Eds.). The Low-cost carrier worldwide. Abingdon: Routledge. Whyte, R., & Lohmann, G. (2017). Airline business models. In L. Budd & S. Ison (Eds), Air transport management: An international perspective. Abingdon: Routledge.

Xuan, X., Khan, K., Su, C.W., & Khurshid, A. (2021). Will COVID-19 Threaten the survival of the airline industry? Sustainability, 13(21), 11666.

Yan, S., Tang, C.H., & Lee, M.C. (2007). A Flight scheduling model for Taiwan Airlines under market competitions. Omega, 35(1), 61-74.

Yavuz, N., Olgaç, S., GünayAktaş, S., & Mert Kantar, Y. (2020). Passenger satisfaction in European airports. In I. Coşkun, N. Othman, M. Aslam & A. Lew (Eds.), Travel and Tourism: Sustainability, Economics, and Management Issues (pp. 223-237). Singapore: Springer.

Yin, R.K. (2018). Case Study Research and Applications (6th ed.). Thousand Oaks: SAGE Publications.

Downloads

Published

2023-05-10

How to Cite

Baxter, G. (2023). The Evolution of Qatar Airways in Australia’s International Air Travel Market. Journal of Multidisciplinary in Social Sciences, 19(2), 1–18. Retrieved from https://so03.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/sduhs/article/view/268397

Issue

Section

Invitation