Personality Traits of Local Politicians Affecting the Political Participation of Generation X and Y
Article Sidebar
Published:
Nov 22, 2021
Keywords:
Personality Traits of Politicians Political Participation Generation X and Y
Main Article Content
Abstract
The objectives of this research were to (1) study the personality traits of local politicians and the political participation of Generation X and Y, (2) compare the average by age range, (3) investigate the personal factors affecting the personality traits of local politicians and political participation, and (4) examine the causal relationship of the personality traits of local politicians towards political participation. A questionnaire with 66 questions was created after the literature review and validated the reliability, which showed that KMO was .94 and Alpha was .98. The questionnaire was used to collect data from 384 samples who were eligible for voting in municipal areas and city municipal areas in Amnat Charoen, Kalasin, Si Sa Ket, Ubon Ratchathani, and Yasothon provinces, Thailand. The statistics included frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation (SD), t-test, ANOVA, MANOVA, Pearson correlation, and multi regression analysis. The results showed that the average of the independent variables and components of the personality traits of the politicians and political participation was at a high level. Moreover, the average of the personality traits of the politicians and political participation was different with a statistical significance of .05 when classified by the age range. The personal factors classified by age range, education, occupation, and income affected the personality traits of the local politicians by 87% of possibility, which had an impact on the political participation by 93% of possibility. Furthermore, the external interest, expression of justice, and emotional stability had the coefficient of prediction on the traditional political participation, where R2 = .72 . Simultaneously, the external incentives, an open mind, and emotional expression had the coefficient of prediction on the digital political participation, where R2= .64 . Therefore, the personality traits of local politicians that interested Generation X and Y were emotional expression, an open mind and external interest. Thus, this could be applied to the personality traits adjustment of the local politicians to encourage the political participation of Generation X and Y.
Article Details
How to Cite
Jinarat, V. . (2021). Personality Traits of Local Politicians Affecting the Political Participation of Generation X and Y . Journal of Politics and Governance, 11(3), 137–160. Retrieved from https://so03.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/jopag/article/view/256591
Section
Research Articles
References
พิชญ์ พงษ์สวัสดิ์. (2564). การเมืองและการเลือกตั้งเทศบาล ในมุมมองด้านการเมืองนคร. หนังสือพิมพ์มติชนรายวัน. วันที่ 23 กุมภาพันธ์ พ.ศ. 2564.
มติชน. (2564). จังหวะการเมืองของเยาวชน ปลดแอก เส้นทาง REDEM. หนังสือพิมพ์มติชนรายวัน. วันที่ 1 มีนาคม พ.ศ.2564.
มติชน. (2564). ทิศทางท้องถิ่น 2564 งบฯหาย-กระจายอำนาจไม่คืบ. หนังสือพิมพ์มติชนรายวัน วันที่ 2 มกราคม พ.ศ. 2564.
รณิดา มนต์ขลัง, และคณะ. (2559). ปัจจัยที่มีอิทธิพลต่อความสำเร็จของการนำนโยบายการจัดบริการสุขภาพผู้สูงอายุไปสู่การปฏิบัติขององค์กรปกครองส่วนท้องถิ่น. วารสารวิชาการแพรวากาฬสินธุ์มหาวิทยาลัยกาฬสินธุ์, 3(2).
วีระศักดิ์ จินารัตน์. (2563). Social Media และแนวโน้มการมีส่วนร่วมทางการเมืองแบบ Digital ของผู้มีสิทธิเลือกตั้งสมาชิกสภาผู้แทนราษฎรครั้งแรกใน ปีพ.ศ. 2562: กรณีศึกษานักศึกษามหาวิทยาลัยทั่วประเทศไทย. มหาวิทยาลัยการจัดการและเทคโนโลยีอีสเทิร์น.
วีระศักดิ์ จินารัตน์. (2564). ระเบียบวธีวิจัยสมัยใหม่ (Modern Research Methodology). อุบลราชธานี: สำนักพิมพ์ยงสวัสดิ์อินเตอร์กรุ๊ป.
สมชาย ศรีวิรัตน์. (2556).การพัฒนาชุมชนท้องถิ่น: แนวคิด หลักการพัฒนา และการดำเนินงานพัฒนาชุมชน. doi. https://www.gotoknow.org/posts/549133
อรทัย ก๊กผล. (2552). คู่คิดคู่มือการมีส่วนร่วมของประชาชนสำหรับนักบริหารท้องถิ่นกรุงเทพฯ: จรัญสนิทวงศ์การพิมพ์.
Akdemir, A., Konakay, G., Demirkaya, H., Noyan, A., Demir, B., Ag, C, Pehlivan, C. Özdemir, E. Akduman, G. Eregez, H. ,Öztürk, İ. & Balcı. O. (2014). The investigation of relationship between organizational an investigation of expectations of career perception and change, and leadership style of generation y MuğlaSıtkıKoçman University, Journal of Economics and Management Research, 2 (2), 11 - 42.
Batsleer, J., Ehrensperger, K., Lüküslü, F., Osmanoğlu, B., Pais, A.,& Reutlinger, C. (2017). Claiming spaces and struggling for recognition. Comparative Case Study Report PARTISPACE Deliverable, 4, 3.
Bencsik, A., Horváth-Csikós, G., Juhász, T. (2016). Y and Z generations at workplaces. Journal of Competitiveness, 8(3), 90 –106.
Bennett, G., Sagas, M., & Dees, W. (2006). Media preferences of action sports consumers: differences between generation X and Y, Sport Market. Q. 15(1).
Bilgihan, A. (2016). Gen Y customer loyalty in online shopping: an integrated model of trust, user experience and branding, Computer Human Behavior, 6l(2016), 103 - 113.
Borah, P. (2016). Political Facebook use: campaign strategies used in 2008 and 2012 presidential elections. Journal information technology & politics, 13(4), 326 - 338.
Chou. (2012). Millennials in the Workplace: A Conceptual Analysis of Millennials' Leadership and Followership Styles. International Journal of Human Resource Studies. 2(2).
Crumpacker, M., Crumpacker, J.M. (2007). Succession planning and generational stereotypes: should HR consider age-based values and attitudes a relevant factor or a passing fad?. Publ. Person. Manag, 36(4), 349 - 369.
Duh, H. Struwig, M. (2015). Justification of generational cohort segmentation in South Africa. International Journal of Emerging Markets. 10(1), 89 - 101.
Enochs, K. (2016). A boss's guide to managing bratty Millennials, Lifezette, Retrieved from http://www.lifezette.com/momzette/a-bosss-guide-to-managing-
wussy-Millennials/
Eurofound, K. (2018). Social cohesion and well-being in Europe. Luxembourg: Publications office of the European Union.
Gerodimos, R. & Justinussen, J. (2015). Obama’s 2012 Facebook campaign: political communication in the age of the like button. Journal of information technology & politics, 12(2), 113 - 132.
Genova, C. (2018). Social practices and lifestyles in Italian youth cultures. Journal of Modern Italian Studies, 23(1), 75 – 92.
Glover, E. (2018). The role of social media in millennial voting and voter registration (Doctoral dissertation of Walden University).
Gursoy, D., Maier, T.A., & Chi, C.G. (2008). Generational differences: an examination of work values and generational gaps in the hospitality workforce, International Journal Hospital Management, 27(3), 448 - 458.
Guillot-Soulez, C., & Soulez, S. (2014). On the heterogeneity of Generation Y job preferences. Employee Relations, 36(4), 319 - 332.
Hamzah Z. A. Z., Kamarudin K., Hajimaming P. T., Yaakob N. A. (2020). Digital Technology And The Impact On Communication Language And Mastery Of Generation X And Y For Correspondence Language. Palarch's Journal of Archaeology of Egypt / Egyptology, 17(9).
Haryadi & Ralhman. (2019). Political participation of generation z group of beginners and the use of social media in Jambi province, Proceeding International Conference on Social Science, 5-6 November, 155 - 163.
Hatfield, S.L. (2002). Understanding the four generations to enhance workplace management. AFP Exchange, 22(4), 72 - 74.
Ikeda, K., Kobayashi, T., &Hoshimoto, M. (2008). Does political participation make a difference? The relationship between political choice, civic engagement and political efficacy. Electoral Studies, 27 (1), 77 - 88.
Jackson V, Stoel L, &Brantley A. (2011) Mall attributes and shopping value: differences by gender and generational cohort. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 18(1), 1 - 9.
Johnson, M., & Johnson, L. (2010). Generations. Inc. New York: AMACOM.
Jones, B. (2019). Are they young, or are they different? a comparative study of voting millennials and baby booms. (Doctoral dissertation of Westover Hovers College).
Kaldur, K., Fangen, K. & Sarin, T. (2012). Political inclusion and participation. Policy brief EUMARGIN no. 6. Retrieved from https://www.ibs.ee/wp-
content/uploads/6th_policy_brief_political_participation
Kartini, D.S., Muradi, & Yuningsih, N. Y. (2017). Participation of y generation in 2018 general elections. ASSEHR, 163, 7 - 11.
Kertzer, D. (1983). Generation as a sociological problem. Annual Review of Sociology. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.so.09.08 0183.001013 9, pp.125-149.
Kupperschmidt, B. R. (2000). Multigeneration employees: Strategies for effective management. The Health Care Manager, 19(1), 65 - 76.
Laurison, D. (2015). The willingness to state an opinion: Inequality, don't know responses, and political participation. Sociological Forum, 30(4), 925 - 948.
Likert, R. (1967). “The Method of Constructing and Attitude Scale”, Reading in Attitude Theory and Measurement. P.90-95. Fishbeic, Matin, Ed. New York: Wiley & Son.
Mengu, S.C., Gucdemir, Y., Erturk, D., & Canan, S. (2015). Political preferences of generation y university student with regards to governance and social media; a study on March 2014 local elections, Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 174, 791 - 797.
Meredith, G.E., & Schewe, C.D. (1994). The power of cohorts. American Demographics, 16(12), 22 - 29.
Myers, K.K., & Sadaghiani, K. (2010). Millennials in the workplace: A communication perspective on Millennials' organizational relationships and performance. J. Bus. Psychol., 25(2), 225 - 238.
Nahavandi, A. (2006). The Art and Science of Leadership (4thed). Upper Saddle River, NJ, USA: Pearson Education.
Naidooa, P., Ramseook-Munhurrunb, P., Seebaluckc, N.V., Janvierd Procedia, S. Investigating the Motivation of Baby Boomers for Adventure Tourism. Soc. Behav. Sci., 175, 244 – 251.
Ortensi, L., &Riniolo, V. (2020). Do migrants get involved in politics? Level, forms and drivers of migrant political participation in Italy. Journal of International Migration and Integration, 21(1), 133 - 153.
Pilati, K. (2018). Gaps in protest activities between natives and individuals of migrant origin in Europe. Acta Sociologica, 61(2), 105 – 125.
Pritzker S. ,& Richards-Schuster, K. (2016). Promoting young people's participation: Exploring social work's contribution to the literature. Social Work, 61(3), 217 - 226.
Real, K. ,Mitnick, A. D. , Maloney, W. F. (2010). More similar than different: Millennials in the U. S. building trades. Journal of Business and Psychology, 25(2), 303 - 313.
Reichert, F. (2016). How internal political efficacy translates political knowledge into political participation: Evidence from Germany. Europe's Journal of Psychology, 12(2), 221 - 241.
Schewe, C.D., Meredith, G.E., & Noble, S. (2000). Defining moments: segmenting by cohorts. Marketing Management. 9(3), 48 - 53.
Shacklock, K. (2015). The impact of generations working togethers: 2015 a significant year. Griffith Business School.
Strauss, W., & Howe, N. (1991). Generations: the History of America's Future, 1584 to 2069, 1991 (New York).
Vecchione, M., Schoen, H., Castro, J. L. G. , Cieciuch, J., Pavlopoulos, V., and Caprara, G. V. (2011). Personality correlates of party preference: the Big Five in five big European countries. Pers. Individ. Dif. 51, 737-742. doi: 10.1016/j. paid.2011.06.015
Verba, S., & Nie, N. H. (1972). Participation in America: Political democracy and social equality. New York, NY: Harper and row.
Willams, K.C., Page, R.A., & Petrosky, A.R. (2010). HERNANDEZ, E.H. Multi generational marketing: descriptions, characteristics, lifestyles, and attitudes. Journal of Applied Business and Economics. 11(2), 21 - 36.
Zabel, K.L., Benjamin, B.J., Biermeier-Hanson, B.B., Baltes, B.B., Early, B.J. & Shepard, A. (2017). Generational Differences in Work Ethic: Fact or Fiction?. J. Bus. Psychol. Sci., 32, 301 - 315.
มติชน. (2564). จังหวะการเมืองของเยาวชน ปลดแอก เส้นทาง REDEM. หนังสือพิมพ์มติชนรายวัน. วันที่ 1 มีนาคม พ.ศ.2564.
มติชน. (2564). ทิศทางท้องถิ่น 2564 งบฯหาย-กระจายอำนาจไม่คืบ. หนังสือพิมพ์มติชนรายวัน วันที่ 2 มกราคม พ.ศ. 2564.
รณิดา มนต์ขลัง, และคณะ. (2559). ปัจจัยที่มีอิทธิพลต่อความสำเร็จของการนำนโยบายการจัดบริการสุขภาพผู้สูงอายุไปสู่การปฏิบัติขององค์กรปกครองส่วนท้องถิ่น. วารสารวิชาการแพรวากาฬสินธุ์มหาวิทยาลัยกาฬสินธุ์, 3(2).
วีระศักดิ์ จินารัตน์. (2563). Social Media และแนวโน้มการมีส่วนร่วมทางการเมืองแบบ Digital ของผู้มีสิทธิเลือกตั้งสมาชิกสภาผู้แทนราษฎรครั้งแรกใน ปีพ.ศ. 2562: กรณีศึกษานักศึกษามหาวิทยาลัยทั่วประเทศไทย. มหาวิทยาลัยการจัดการและเทคโนโลยีอีสเทิร์น.
วีระศักดิ์ จินารัตน์. (2564). ระเบียบวธีวิจัยสมัยใหม่ (Modern Research Methodology). อุบลราชธานี: สำนักพิมพ์ยงสวัสดิ์อินเตอร์กรุ๊ป.
สมชาย ศรีวิรัตน์. (2556).การพัฒนาชุมชนท้องถิ่น: แนวคิด หลักการพัฒนา และการดำเนินงานพัฒนาชุมชน. doi. https://www.gotoknow.org/posts/549133
อรทัย ก๊กผล. (2552). คู่คิดคู่มือการมีส่วนร่วมของประชาชนสำหรับนักบริหารท้องถิ่นกรุงเทพฯ: จรัญสนิทวงศ์การพิมพ์.
Akdemir, A., Konakay, G., Demirkaya, H., Noyan, A., Demir, B., Ag, C, Pehlivan, C. Özdemir, E. Akduman, G. Eregez, H. ,Öztürk, İ. & Balcı. O. (2014). The investigation of relationship between organizational an investigation of expectations of career perception and change, and leadership style of generation y MuğlaSıtkıKoçman University, Journal of Economics and Management Research, 2 (2), 11 - 42.
Batsleer, J., Ehrensperger, K., Lüküslü, F., Osmanoğlu, B., Pais, A.,& Reutlinger, C. (2017). Claiming spaces and struggling for recognition. Comparative Case Study Report PARTISPACE Deliverable, 4, 3.
Bencsik, A., Horváth-Csikós, G., Juhász, T. (2016). Y and Z generations at workplaces. Journal of Competitiveness, 8(3), 90 –106.
Bennett, G., Sagas, M., & Dees, W. (2006). Media preferences of action sports consumers: differences between generation X and Y, Sport Market. Q. 15(1).
Bilgihan, A. (2016). Gen Y customer loyalty in online shopping: an integrated model of trust, user experience and branding, Computer Human Behavior, 6l(2016), 103 - 113.
Borah, P. (2016). Political Facebook use: campaign strategies used in 2008 and 2012 presidential elections. Journal information technology & politics, 13(4), 326 - 338.
Chou. (2012). Millennials in the Workplace: A Conceptual Analysis of Millennials' Leadership and Followership Styles. International Journal of Human Resource Studies. 2(2).
Crumpacker, M., Crumpacker, J.M. (2007). Succession planning and generational stereotypes: should HR consider age-based values and attitudes a relevant factor or a passing fad?. Publ. Person. Manag, 36(4), 349 - 369.
Duh, H. Struwig, M. (2015). Justification of generational cohort segmentation in South Africa. International Journal of Emerging Markets. 10(1), 89 - 101.
Enochs, K. (2016). A boss's guide to managing bratty Millennials, Lifezette, Retrieved from http://www.lifezette.com/momzette/a-bosss-guide-to-managing-
wussy-Millennials/
Eurofound, K. (2018). Social cohesion and well-being in Europe. Luxembourg: Publications office of the European Union.
Gerodimos, R. & Justinussen, J. (2015). Obama’s 2012 Facebook campaign: political communication in the age of the like button. Journal of information technology & politics, 12(2), 113 - 132.
Genova, C. (2018). Social practices and lifestyles in Italian youth cultures. Journal of Modern Italian Studies, 23(1), 75 – 92.
Glover, E. (2018). The role of social media in millennial voting and voter registration (Doctoral dissertation of Walden University).
Gursoy, D., Maier, T.A., & Chi, C.G. (2008). Generational differences: an examination of work values and generational gaps in the hospitality workforce, International Journal Hospital Management, 27(3), 448 - 458.
Guillot-Soulez, C., & Soulez, S. (2014). On the heterogeneity of Generation Y job preferences. Employee Relations, 36(4), 319 - 332.
Hamzah Z. A. Z., Kamarudin K., Hajimaming P. T., Yaakob N. A. (2020). Digital Technology And The Impact On Communication Language And Mastery Of Generation X And Y For Correspondence Language. Palarch's Journal of Archaeology of Egypt / Egyptology, 17(9).
Haryadi & Ralhman. (2019). Political participation of generation z group of beginners and the use of social media in Jambi province, Proceeding International Conference on Social Science, 5-6 November, 155 - 163.
Hatfield, S.L. (2002). Understanding the four generations to enhance workplace management. AFP Exchange, 22(4), 72 - 74.
Ikeda, K., Kobayashi, T., &Hoshimoto, M. (2008). Does political participation make a difference? The relationship between political choice, civic engagement and political efficacy. Electoral Studies, 27 (1), 77 - 88.
Jackson V, Stoel L, &Brantley A. (2011) Mall attributes and shopping value: differences by gender and generational cohort. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 18(1), 1 - 9.
Johnson, M., & Johnson, L. (2010). Generations. Inc. New York: AMACOM.
Jones, B. (2019). Are they young, or are they different? a comparative study of voting millennials and baby booms. (Doctoral dissertation of Westover Hovers College).
Kaldur, K., Fangen, K. & Sarin, T. (2012). Political inclusion and participation. Policy brief EUMARGIN no. 6. Retrieved from https://www.ibs.ee/wp-
content/uploads/6th_policy_brief_political_participation
Kartini, D.S., Muradi, & Yuningsih, N. Y. (2017). Participation of y generation in 2018 general elections. ASSEHR, 163, 7 - 11.
Kertzer, D. (1983). Generation as a sociological problem. Annual Review of Sociology. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.so.09.08 0183.001013 9, pp.125-149.
Kupperschmidt, B. R. (2000). Multigeneration employees: Strategies for effective management. The Health Care Manager, 19(1), 65 - 76.
Laurison, D. (2015). The willingness to state an opinion: Inequality, don't know responses, and political participation. Sociological Forum, 30(4), 925 - 948.
Likert, R. (1967). “The Method of Constructing and Attitude Scale”, Reading in Attitude Theory and Measurement. P.90-95. Fishbeic, Matin, Ed. New York: Wiley & Son.
Mengu, S.C., Gucdemir, Y., Erturk, D., & Canan, S. (2015). Political preferences of generation y university student with regards to governance and social media; a study on March 2014 local elections, Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 174, 791 - 797.
Meredith, G.E., & Schewe, C.D. (1994). The power of cohorts. American Demographics, 16(12), 22 - 29.
Myers, K.K., & Sadaghiani, K. (2010). Millennials in the workplace: A communication perspective on Millennials' organizational relationships and performance. J. Bus. Psychol., 25(2), 225 - 238.
Nahavandi, A. (2006). The Art and Science of Leadership (4thed). Upper Saddle River, NJ, USA: Pearson Education.
Naidooa, P., Ramseook-Munhurrunb, P., Seebaluckc, N.V., Janvierd Procedia, S. Investigating the Motivation of Baby Boomers for Adventure Tourism. Soc. Behav. Sci., 175, 244 – 251.
Ortensi, L., &Riniolo, V. (2020). Do migrants get involved in politics? Level, forms and drivers of migrant political participation in Italy. Journal of International Migration and Integration, 21(1), 133 - 153.
Pilati, K. (2018). Gaps in protest activities between natives and individuals of migrant origin in Europe. Acta Sociologica, 61(2), 105 – 125.
Pritzker S. ,& Richards-Schuster, K. (2016). Promoting young people's participation: Exploring social work's contribution to the literature. Social Work, 61(3), 217 - 226.
Real, K. ,Mitnick, A. D. , Maloney, W. F. (2010). More similar than different: Millennials in the U. S. building trades. Journal of Business and Psychology, 25(2), 303 - 313.
Reichert, F. (2016). How internal political efficacy translates political knowledge into political participation: Evidence from Germany. Europe's Journal of Psychology, 12(2), 221 - 241.
Schewe, C.D., Meredith, G.E., & Noble, S. (2000). Defining moments: segmenting by cohorts. Marketing Management. 9(3), 48 - 53.
Shacklock, K. (2015). The impact of generations working togethers: 2015 a significant year. Griffith Business School.
Strauss, W., & Howe, N. (1991). Generations: the History of America's Future, 1584 to 2069, 1991 (New York).
Vecchione, M., Schoen, H., Castro, J. L. G. , Cieciuch, J., Pavlopoulos, V., and Caprara, G. V. (2011). Personality correlates of party preference: the Big Five in five big European countries. Pers. Individ. Dif. 51, 737-742. doi: 10.1016/j. paid.2011.06.015
Verba, S., & Nie, N. H. (1972). Participation in America: Political democracy and social equality. New York, NY: Harper and row.
Willams, K.C., Page, R.A., & Petrosky, A.R. (2010). HERNANDEZ, E.H. Multi generational marketing: descriptions, characteristics, lifestyles, and attitudes. Journal of Applied Business and Economics. 11(2), 21 - 36.
Zabel, K.L., Benjamin, B.J., Biermeier-Hanson, B.B., Baltes, B.B., Early, B.J. & Shepard, A. (2017). Generational Differences in Work Ethic: Fact or Fiction?. J. Bus. Psychol. Sci., 32, 301 - 315.