The Evolution of Sun Yat-sen’s Nationalism and Nation-state Concept
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Abstract
The nationalism of Sun Yat-sen, who inspired and organized the 1911 Revolution that overthrew the Manchu dynasty, witnessed an evolutionary process, from the initiative of “expelling the Manchu people and rejuvenating the Han nationality” around the radical revolution, to the proposition of the “Union of the Five Races” after the founding of the Republic of China. In his later years, he advocated forming a great Chinese Nation by assimilating the ethnic minorities of China. On the basis of assessing the dual sides of his nationalist thoughts, this paper examines the nation-state concept of Sun Yat-sen, in particular, his three-staged nation-state construction, including “military governance”, “political tutelage” and “constitutional politics”.
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