Enhancing Self-Esteem Among Lower Secondary Students with Experiences of School Bullying Through Individual Counseling Based on Solution-Focused Brief Therapy
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Abstract
This study aimed to examine the effects of individual counseling based on Solution-Focused Brief Therapy (SFBT) on the self-esteem of lower secondary school students who had experienced bullying in school. The sample consisted of 20 lower secondary school students from a secondary school in Chonburi Province whose self-esteem scores were below the established criterion. The participants were randomly assigned and voluntarily participated in either the experimental group or the control group, with 10 students in each group. The research instruments included the Sorensen Self-Esteem Test and an individual counseling program based on Solution-Focused Brief Therapy, consisting of six sessions, each lasting 45–60 minutes. The experiment and data collection were conducted in three phases: pre-test, post-test, and follow-up. Data were analyzed using mean, standard deviation, and repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA). The results revealed that the experimental group showed a statistically significant increase in self-esteem scores. The mean scores for the pre-test, post-test, and follow-up phases were 90.9, 167.4, and 217.1, respectively. In contrast, the control group had mean scores of 91.5, 89.0, and 95.9, respectively.
The results of the analysis of simple effects indicated that, across the counseling period, the experimental group had significantly higher self-esteem scores than the control group in both the post-test and follow-up phases at the .05 level of significance. Within the experimental group, self-esteem scores in the post-test and follow-up phases were significantly higher than those in the pre-test phase at the .05 level of significance.
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