The Existence of Hand hammered Gong in Bangkok

Abstract

The hand-hammered gong is a musical instrument crafted through a combination of science and artistry, with knowledge passed down since ancient times. This study investigates the continued existence of hand-hammered gong craftsmanship in Bangkok through a qualitative methodology, employing documentary research, interviews, and participant observation. The findings suggest that Thai metal craftsmanship—particularly among artisans known as chang bu—dates back to the Ayutthaya period. During the Thonburi era, artisans relocated to the Thonburi side of Bangkok, where this traditional knowledge continued into the Rattanakosin period.

Historical gong production sites were found on both the Thonburi and Phra Nakhon sides of Bangkok. Before World War II, gongs were produced at the house of Sergeant Phuk Khieowwijit in Ban Noen and at the home of Mrs. Thongkam and Mrs. Thongphun in Bang Lamphu. After the war, production continued at the house of Mrs. Ketsorn Khanthiran in Ban Bu and at Mr. Puan Yaembang's residence in Ban Noen—the latter remaining the last family-run site still operating today, now in its third generation.

The sustainability of hand-hammered gong production is currently challenged by rising costs of materials and labor, lengthy production times, a declining number of skilled artisans, and the diminishing transmission of knowledge between generations. These factors have led to the emergence of cast (molded) gongs, which are more economically viable due to lower production costs and visual similarity to hand-hammered gongs, despite offering inferior sound quality.

Nonetheless, hand-hammered gongs remain highly valued by Thai musicians, particularly those crafted by historically renowned makers, due to their superior tonal quality. These instruments are especially preferred for ensemble performances, solo renditions, and for executing specialized playing techniques. For musicians who prioritize sound quality and craftsmanship, the hand-hammered gong continues to be an indispensable instrument.