CAUSAL FACTORS OF TEACHERS' EXTRA ROLE BEHAVIORS OF SCHOOLS IN EASTERN AREA
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Published:
Aug 30, 2019
Keywords:
Extra Role Behavior Motivation in Extra Role Behavior Self-efficacy in Extra Role Behavior Personal Initiative Workplace Friendship
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Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the validity of causal relationship model of teachers' extra role behavior with empirical study. The population was elementary school teachers in the area of Mueang District in Eastern Thailand. The sample consisted of 503 elementary school teachers in the area of Mueang District of three provinces in Eastern Thailand including Chanthaburi, Chonburi and Rayong and selected by multi-stage random sampling. In this study, questionnaires were used to collect data about five variables as follows: self-efficacy in extra role behavior, personal initiative, workplace friendship, motivation in extra role behavior, and extra role behavior. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to analyze data. Results indicated that the structural model was consistent with empirical data. 56% of the variance in associated with extra role behavior was explained by four predictors. Specifically, workplace friendship had the strongest direct effect on extra role behavior.
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References
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- Hair, J. F. Jr., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., and Anderson, R. E. (2010). Multivariate data analysis: A global perspective (7th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Education.
- Hussain, K. (2017). Perceptions of organizational politics and organizational citizenship behavior: the moderating role of workplace friendship. Journal of Economic, 4(4), pp.1-9.
- Katz, D. (1964). The motivational basis of organizational behavior. Behavioral Science, 9, pp.131-146.
- Li, C. (2017). Does friendship make employees better citizens? (Master’s thesis). Science in Administration (Management) Concordia University, Quebec.
- Lin, C. T., and Lu, C. L., (2013). The influence of workplace friendship on work values: Taiwan and China. Retrieved December 9, 2018 From https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/6641728.
- Luszczynska, A., Scholz, U., and Schwarzer, R. (2005). The general self-efficacy scale: Multicultural validation studies. The Journal of Psychology, 139(5), pp.439-457.
- Mahrughy, H., and Yadegar, R. (2016). Examine the relationship between self-efficacy perception and organizational citizenship behavior of managers and assistants (Case study: School’s managers and assistants of Zabarkhan area of Neyshabur). International Journal of Advanced Biotechnology and Research, 7, pp.891-895.
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- Milam, J. G. (2012). Why workplace friendships matter: An assessment of workplace friendships, employee engagement, job embeddedness, and job burnout (Doctoral dissertation). Philosophy in Industrial-Organizational Psychology at Alliant International University, California.
- Nielsen, I. K., Jex, S. M., Adams, G. A. (2000). Development and validation of scores on a two-dimensional workplace friendship scale. Educational and Psychology Measurement, 60(4), pp.628-643.
- Oplatka, I. (2006). Going beyond role expectations: Toward an organizational behavior understanding of the determinants and components of teacher organization citizenship behavior. Educational Administration Quarterly, 42, pp.385-423.
- Organ, D. W. (1997). Organization citizenship behavior: It’s construct clean-up time. Human Performance, 10(2), pp.85-97.
- Rahman, U., Wan Sulaiman, W. S., Nasir, R., and Omar, F. (2014). The role of job satisfaction as mediator in the relationship between self-efficacy and organizational citizenship behavior among Indonesian teacher. International Journal of Business and Social Science, 5(9), pp.255-261.
- Savas, A. C., and Karakus, M. (2012). The relationships between school organizational health and teachers’ in-role and extra-role behaviors. International J. Soc. Sci. & Education, 3(1), pp.67-74.
- Shaheen, M., Gupta, R., and Kuma, Y. L. N. (2016). Exploring dimensions of teachers’ ocb from stakeholder’s perspective: A study in India. The Qualitative Report, 21(6), pp.1095-1117.
- Shahidi, N., Shamsnia, S. A., Baezat, S. (2015). Studying the relationship between self efficacy and organizational citizenship behavior (Case study: Islamic Azad University-zone 1). International Research Journal of Applied and Basic Sciences, 9(9), pp.1499-1503.
- Sharma, V., Jain, S. (2014). A scale for measuring organizational citizenship behavior in manufacturing sector. Pacific Business Review International, 6(8), pp.57-61.
- Skripak, S. (2016). Fundamentals of business. Retrieved December 9, 2018 from https://vtechworks.lib.vt.edu/bitstream/handle/10919/70961/ Fundamentals%20of%20Business%20%28complete%29.pdf.
- Somech, A., Zahavy, A. D. (2000). Understanding extra role behavior in school: The relationships between job satisfaction, sense of efficacy, and teacher’extra role behavior. Teaching and Teacher Education, 16, pp.649-659.
Song, S. H. (2005). Workplace friendship and its impact on employees’ positive work attitudes: A comparative study of Seoul City and New Jersey State Government Public Officials (Doctoral dissertation). Philosophy the State University of New Jersey, New Jersey.
- Syamsuddin, S., Ringgasa, L., and Badarwan, B. (2017). The effect of self-efficacy on organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) Employees of Institut Agama Islam Negeri Kendari. LANGKAWI, 3(2), pp.63-79.
- Torlak, O., and Koc, U. (2007). Materialistic attitude as an antecedent of organizational citizenship behavior. Management Research News, 30(8), pp.581-596.
- Van Dyne, L., Cummings, L. L., and Mclead Parks, J. (1995). Extra-role behaviors: In pursuit of construct and definitional clarity (A bridge over muddied waters). Research in Organizational Behavior, 17, pp.215-285.
- Zabielske, J. L., Urbanaviciute, I., and Bagdziuniene, D. (2015). The role of prosocial and intrinsic motivation in employees’ citizenship behavior. Baltic Journal of Management, 10(3), pp.345-365.
- ธราญา จิตรชญาวณิช. (2560). การศึกษาและความเป็นครูไทย. กรุงเทพฯ: สำนักพิมพ์แห่งจุฬาลงกรณ์มหาวิทยาลัย.
- แผนพัฒนาเศรษฐกิจและสังคมแห่งชาติ ฉบับที่ 12 พ.ศ.2560-2564. (2560). กรุงเทพฯ: ศูนย์สารสนเทศยุทธศาสตร์ภาครัฐ สำนักงานสถิติแห่งชาติ.
- ยุทธศาสตร์ชาติ พ.ศ.2561-2580. (ม.ป.ป.). กรุงเทพฯ: สำนักงานเลขานุการของคณะกรรมการยุทธศาสตร์ชาติ สำนักงานคณะกรรมการพัฒนาการเศรษฐกิจและสังคมแห่งชาติ.
- สำนักเลขาธิการคณะรัฐมนตรี. (2552). พระราชดำรัสของพระบาทสมเด็จพระเจ้าอยู่หัวพระราชทานแก่คณะบุคคลต่าง ๆ ในโอกาสวันเฉลิมพระชนมพรรษา ณ ศาลาดุสิดาลัย วันที่ 4 ธันวาคม 2533. สลค.สาร, 17(12), หน้า 1-24.
- Alparslan, A. M., Can, A. (2015). The antecedents of extra-role organizational behaviors: A qualitative research on soldier. Journal of Business Research-Türk, 7(1), pp.26-42.
- Ariani, D. W. (2012). Relationship motives, personality, and organizational citizenship behavior in academic staffs in Indonesia. International Journal of Business and Social Science, 3(20), pp.311-319.
- Aslam, I., Safdar, T., and Shafiq, M. (2018). Does self efficacy moderate the relationship between knowledge sharing and organizational citizenship behavior? (A quantitative research in civil secretariat quetta). European Online Journal of Natural and Social Sciences, 7(3), pp.232-238.
- Balaban, Ö., and ÖZSOY, E. (2016). Effects of workplace friendship on individual outcomes. Bartın Üniversitesi İ.İ.B.F. Dergisi, 7(13), pp.326-338.
- Bandura, A. (1977). Self-efficacy: Toward a unifying theory of behavioral change. Psychological Review, 84(2), pp.191-215.
- Bandura, A. (1994). Self-efficacy. In V. S. Ramachaudran (Ed.), Encyclopedia of Human Behavior (pp.71-81). New York: Academic Press.
- Belogolovsky, E., and Somech, A. (2010). Teacher’ organizational citizenship behavior: Exammining the boundary between in role behavior and extra role behavior from the perspective of teachers, principals and parents. Teaching and Teacher Education, 26, pp.914-923.
- Chang, C. C., and Chen, S. H. (2012). An exploratory study for salespersons extra role customer service in the direct selling organizations. Global Business Management, 8(2), pp.235-241.
- Chang, C. M., Wu, C. S., Mui, W. C., and Lin, Y. H. (2018). The impact of perceived supervisor support and workplace friendship on organizational citizenship behavior in sport center. International Journal of Organizational Innovation, 10(4), pp.140-149.
- Chiaburu, D. S., Carpenter, N. C. (2013). Employees’ motivation for personal initiative the joint influence of status and communion striving. Journal of Personnel Psychology, 12, pp.97-103.
- Christophersen, K. A., Elstad, E., Solhaug, T., Turmo, A. (2015). Explaining motivational antecedents of citizenship behavior among preservice teachers. Education Sciences, 5, pp.126-145.
- Dotan, H. (2017). Workplace friendships: Origins and consequences for managerial effectiveness. Academy of Management, 2009(1), pp.1-6.
- Espejo, A. (2011). Role perceptions and motivations to perform organizational citizenship behaviors. Academia, Revista Latinoamericana De Administracion, 48, pp.1-14.
- Felfe, J., and Schyns, B. (2014). Romance of leadership and motivation to Lead. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 29(7), pp.850-865.
- Frese, M., and Fay, D. (2001). Personal initiative: An active performance concept for work in the 21st century. In B. M. Staw, and R. M. Sutton (Eds.), Research in Organizational Behavior (pp.133-187). Amsterdam: Elsevier Science.
- Frese, M., Fay, D., Hilburger, T., Leng, K., and Tag, A. (1997). The concept of personal initiative: Operationalization, reliability and validity in two German samples. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 70, pp.139-161.
- Ganesh, M. P., and Gupta, M. (2006). Study of virtualness, task interdependence, extra-role performance and team climate in Indian software development teams. In The 20th Australian New Zealand Academy of Management (pp.1-19). Rockhampton: Central Queensland University.
- Ganesh, M. P., and Gupta, M. (2010). Impact of virtualness and task interdependence on extra role performance in software development teams. Team Performance Management, 16(3/4), pp.169-186.
- Hair, J. F. Jr., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., and Anderson, R. E. (2010). Multivariate data analysis: A global perspective (7th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Education.
- Hussain, K. (2017). Perceptions of organizational politics and organizational citizenship behavior: the moderating role of workplace friendship. Journal of Economic, 4(4), pp.1-9.
- Katz, D. (1964). The motivational basis of organizational behavior. Behavioral Science, 9, pp.131-146.
- Li, C. (2017). Does friendship make employees better citizens? (Master’s thesis). Science in Administration (Management) Concordia University, Quebec.
- Lin, C. T., and Lu, C. L., (2013). The influence of workplace friendship on work values: Taiwan and China. Retrieved December 9, 2018 From https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/6641728.
- Luszczynska, A., Scholz, U., and Schwarzer, R. (2005). The general self-efficacy scale: Multicultural validation studies. The Journal of Psychology, 139(5), pp.439-457.
- Mahrughy, H., and Yadegar, R. (2016). Examine the relationship between self-efficacy perception and organizational citizenship behavior of managers and assistants (Case study: School’s managers and assistants of Zabarkhan area of Neyshabur). International Journal of Advanced Biotechnology and Research, 7, pp.891-895.
- Mathis, R. L., and Jackson, J. H. (2003). Human resource management (10th ed.). Mason, OH: Thomson South-Western.
- Mcshane, S. L., and Von Gilnow M. A. (2010). Organizational behavior (5th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill Irwin.
- Milam, J. G. (2012). Why workplace friendships matter: An assessment of workplace friendships, employee engagement, job embeddedness, and job burnout (Doctoral dissertation). Philosophy in Industrial-Organizational Psychology at Alliant International University, California.
- Nielsen, I. K., Jex, S. M., Adams, G. A. (2000). Development and validation of scores on a two-dimensional workplace friendship scale. Educational and Psychology Measurement, 60(4), pp.628-643.
- Oplatka, I. (2006). Going beyond role expectations: Toward an organizational behavior understanding of the determinants and components of teacher organization citizenship behavior. Educational Administration Quarterly, 42, pp.385-423.
- Organ, D. W. (1997). Organization citizenship behavior: It’s construct clean-up time. Human Performance, 10(2), pp.85-97.
- Rahman, U., Wan Sulaiman, W. S., Nasir, R., and Omar, F. (2014). The role of job satisfaction as mediator in the relationship between self-efficacy and organizational citizenship behavior among Indonesian teacher. International Journal of Business and Social Science, 5(9), pp.255-261.
- Savas, A. C., and Karakus, M. (2012). The relationships between school organizational health and teachers’ in-role and extra-role behaviors. International J. Soc. Sci. & Education, 3(1), pp.67-74.
- Shaheen, M., Gupta, R., and Kuma, Y. L. N. (2016). Exploring dimensions of teachers’ ocb from stakeholder’s perspective: A study in India. The Qualitative Report, 21(6), pp.1095-1117.
- Shahidi, N., Shamsnia, S. A., Baezat, S. (2015). Studying the relationship between self efficacy and organizational citizenship behavior (Case study: Islamic Azad University-zone 1). International Research Journal of Applied and Basic Sciences, 9(9), pp.1499-1503.
- Sharma, V., Jain, S. (2014). A scale for measuring organizational citizenship behavior in manufacturing sector. Pacific Business Review International, 6(8), pp.57-61.
- Skripak, S. (2016). Fundamentals of business. Retrieved December 9, 2018 from https://vtechworks.lib.vt.edu/bitstream/handle/10919/70961/ Fundamentals%20of%20Business%20%28complete%29.pdf.
- Somech, A., Zahavy, A. D. (2000). Understanding extra role behavior in school: The relationships between job satisfaction, sense of efficacy, and teacher’extra role behavior. Teaching and Teacher Education, 16, pp.649-659.
Song, S. H. (2005). Workplace friendship and its impact on employees’ positive work attitudes: A comparative study of Seoul City and New Jersey State Government Public Officials (Doctoral dissertation). Philosophy the State University of New Jersey, New Jersey.
- Syamsuddin, S., Ringgasa, L., and Badarwan, B. (2017). The effect of self-efficacy on organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) Employees of Institut Agama Islam Negeri Kendari. LANGKAWI, 3(2), pp.63-79.
- Torlak, O., and Koc, U. (2007). Materialistic attitude as an antecedent of organizational citizenship behavior. Management Research News, 30(8), pp.581-596.
- Van Dyne, L., Cummings, L. L., and Mclead Parks, J. (1995). Extra-role behaviors: In pursuit of construct and definitional clarity (A bridge over muddied waters). Research in Organizational Behavior, 17, pp.215-285.
- Zabielske, J. L., Urbanaviciute, I., and Bagdziuniene, D. (2015). The role of prosocial and intrinsic motivation in employees’ citizenship behavior. Baltic Journal of Management, 10(3), pp.345-365.
