Overseas Filipino Workers and the Politics of Nation-Building: Migration, Governance, And the Quest for Equity and Rights

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Shamir Y. Jakaria

บทคัดย่อ

การอพยพของแรงงานไปทำงานในต่างประเทศได้กลายเป็นรากฐานสำคัญของการพัฒนาประเทศไทยนับตั้งแต่มีการประกาศใช้นโยบายการส่งออกแรงงานในช่วงทศวรรษที่ 1970 แม้ว่าเงินส่งกลับจากแรงงานไทยในต่างแดน (TLA) จะช่วยค้ำจุนครัวเรือน ทำให้เศรษฐกิจมีเสถียรภาพ และนำเงินตราต่างประเทศเข้ามา แต่การพึ่งพานี้ก็ทำให้เกิดการพึ่งพาเชิงโครงสร้างที่ฝังรากลึกและปกปิดช่องโหว่เชิงระบบ แรงงานมักจะเผชิญกับความไม่แน่นอนของสัญญาจ้างงาน การคุ้มครองสวัสดิการที่จำกัด และการเผชิญหน้ากับการทุจริตภายในระบบการจัดหางานและสวัสดิการ นอกจากบทบาททางเศรษฐกิจแล้ว แรงงานไทยในต่างแดนยังทำหน้าที่เป็นผู้มีส่วนได้ส่วนเสียทางการเมืองด้วยการถ่ายทอดแนวปฏิบัติประชาธิปไตย การระดมพลผ่านกลุ่ม advocacy และการกำหนดทิศทางการอภิปรายด้านธรรมาภิบาล แม้จะถูกกีดกันจากการมีส่วนร่วมทางการเมืองที่มีความหมายอย่างต่อเนื่องก็ตาม เครือข่ายภาคประชาสังคมและแพลตฟอร์มดิจิทัลช่วยขยายเสียงของพวกเขาให้ดังขึ้น โดยเน้นย้ำถึงความขัดแย้งระหว่างวาทกรรมของรัฐกับความเป็นจริงที่พวกเขาต้องเผชิญ การศึกษาครั้งนี้ซึ่งอ้างอิงจากการทบทวนวรรณกรรมได้จัดวางการอพยพของแรงงานไว้ที่จุดตัดของเศรษฐศาสตร์ สิทธิ และประชาธิปไตย โดยให้เหตุผลว่าการเสริมสร้างสวัสดิการของแรงงาน การสร้างความมั่นใจในธรรมาภิบาลของการส่งเงินกลับประเทศที่มีความโปร่งใส และการผนวกการมีส่วนร่วมของแรงงานเข้ากับการกำหนดนโยบาย ล้วนมีความสำคัญอย่างยิ่งต่อการย้ายประเทศไทยจากภาวะพึ่งพิงไปสู่ความเสมอภาคในธรรมาภิบาลด้านการย้ายถิ่นฐาน

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Jakaria, S. Y. . (2026). Overseas Filipino Workers and the Politics of Nation-Building: Migration, Governance, And the Quest for Equity and Rights. Journal of Politics and Governance, 16(3), 180–192. สืบค้น จาก https://so03.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/jopag/article/view/293831
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