Constructing Local Identity Through the Cultural Wisdom of Phi Boong Tao Masks in Lat Khang, Phu Ruea District, Loei Province

Abstract

This research article aimed to achieve the following objectives: 1) to investigate the historical background of Phi Boong Tao masks, 2) to explore the process of constructing local identity through Phi Boong Tao masks, and 3) to study conservation approaches for preserving the local wisdom of Phi Boong Tao mask-making in Ban Hai Tak, Lat Khang Sub-district, Phu Ruea District, Loei Province. The sample group consisted of 15 participants, including community leaders, local artisans, government representatives, and members of the public. Employing a qualitative research approach, this study utilized purposive sampling to select 15 key informants, including community leaders, local artisans, and government representatives, with semi-structured interviews as the primary data collection tool. The findings revealed that the Phi Boong Tao masks originated from the creative initiative of a local artisan, who utilized gourds— a prominent local agricultural product—to sculpt giant-faced masks symbolizing spiritual protection. Structurally, these cultural artifacts are integrated into traditional 'Tung' (sacred flags) to be offered as an annual tribute to 'Phra Phut Tha Na Wa Ban Phot,' a revered Buddha image located in Phu Ruea National Park. The process of constructing local identity through Phi Boong Tao masks is closely intertwined with beliefs, religion, traditions, rituals, local arts, folk performances, and ways of life in harmony with the natural environment. Conservation approaches include the collection of cultural knowledge, the establishment of learning centers for Phi Boong Tao masks, revitalizing the tradition of procession and offering, initiating creative endeavors, and adapting local wisdom to contemporary contexts. Furthermore, the research aims to transmit local wisdom to the younger generation within the community.