The Influence on Transformational Leadership, Organizational Culture, Job Satisfaction and Organizational Commitment affecting Organization Citizenship Behavior of Employees in Small and Medium Enterprises (Manufacturing) in Lower Northeastern Region 2
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Published:
May 28, 2019
Keywords:
Transformational leadership Organizational culture Job satisfaction Organizational commitment Organization citizenship behavior
Main Article Content
Abstract
The objective of this research was to study the influence of transformational leadership, organizational culture, job satisfaction and organizational commitment affecting organization citizenship behaviour. The research samples consisted of 610 employees. The anonymous questionnaires of ninety-two items have organized into five-point Likert scale. The data received were calculated and analyzed using descriptive statistics (frequency, percentage, mean and standard deviation). The path analysis was used to test the hypotheses. The structural equation modeling: SEM was used to analyze the causal relationship of the factors that influence on the organization citizenship behaviour. The developed causal relationship model conformed to the empirical data with Chi-square = 1521.563, Chi-square/df = 1.055, df = 1442, p = .071, GFI = .926, CFI = .997, TLI = .997, RMSEA = .010, NFI = .951. When considering the predictive coefficient, it was found that each latent factor shared a causal relationship with 63.0%. According to the causal relationship, it was found that the factors on the transformational leadership, organizational culture, job satisfaction and organizational commitment had causal relationship with organization citizenship behaviour of employees in small and medium enterprises at the statistically significant level of 0.05
Article Details
How to Cite
ศรีไมตรี ม., โชติวนิช ร. ด. ป., & ขุนทองจันทร์ ผ. ด. (2019). The Influence on Transformational Leadership, Organizational Culture, Job Satisfaction and Organizational Commitment affecting Organization Citizenship Behavior of Employees in Small and Medium Enterprises (Manufacturing) in Lower Northeastern Region 2. Journal of HR Intelligence, 14(1), 45–67. Retrieved from https://so03.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/hri/article/view/191231
Section
Research Articles
ขอมอบลิขสิทธิ์บทความที่ได้รับการตีพิมพ์ให้แก่สถาบันเสริมศึกษาและทรัพยากรมนุษย์ กรณีมีการฟ้องร้องเรื่องการละเมิดลิขสิทธิ์เกี่ยวกับภาพ กราฟ ข้อความส่วนใดส่วนหนึ่ง และ/หรือข้อคิดเห็นที่ปรากฎในบทความ ให้เป็นความรับผิดชอบของข้าพเจ้าและผู้เขียนร่วมแต่เพียงผู้เดียว
References
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Choong, Y. O., Wong, K. L., and Lau, T. C. (2011). Psycgological empowerment and organizational commitment in the Malaysian private higher education institutions: a review and research agenda. Academic Research International, 1 (3), 236-245.
Cooke, R. A. and Lafferty, J. C. (1994). Organization culture inventory. Plymouth, MI: Human Synergistics.
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Erkmen, E. and Hancer, M. (2015). Linking brand commitment and brand citizenship behaviors of airline employees. Journal of Air Transport Management, 4 (2), 47-54.
Erkutlu, H. (2011). The moderating role of organizational culture in the relationship between organizational justice and organizational citizenship behaviors. Leadership & Organization Development Journal , 32 (6), 532-554.
Flatten, T., Adams, D. and Brettel, M. (2015). Fostering absorptive capacity through leadership: A cross-cultural analysis. Journal of World Business, 5 (2), 519-534.
George, J. M., and Jones, G. R. (2002). Understanding and Managing Organizational Behavior. (3rd ed). NJ: Prentice-Hall.
Greenberg, J., and Baron, R. A. (2003). Behavior in organization. (8th ed). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
Jariyaporn, S. (2016). Organizational Citizenship Behavior’s Educational Staffs of Thongsook College. Journal of the Association of Researchers, 21 (1), 227-238.
Jha, S. (2012). Transformational leadership and psychological empowerment. South Asian Journal of Global Business Research, 3 (1), 18-35.
Joy, M. M., and Sidhique, F. (2016). A study on the impact of innovative human resource practice on job satisfaction of employees working in information technology sector. International Journal of Engineering Technology Science and Research, 3 (12), 26-30.
Katz, D. and Kahn, R. L. (1978). The social psychology of organization. New York: John Wiley and Sons,
Kulthkornsate, N. (2015). The Structural E-quation Model of Causal. Journal of Business, Economics and Communication, 10 (2), 145-165.
Limyothin, P. (2015). Organizational Citizenship Behavior in Hotet Business. Hatyai Journal. 13 (2), 155-165.
MacIntosh, E. W., and Doherty, A. (2010). The influence of organizational culture on job satisfaction and intention to leave. Sport Management Review, 1 (3), 106-117.
Messner, W. (2013). Effect of organizational culture on employee commitment in the Indian IT services sourcing industry. Journal of Indian Business Research, 5 (2), 76-100.
Meyer, J. P., and Allen, N. J. (1991). A three-component conceptualization of organizational Commitment. Human Resource Management Review, 1 (1), 61-89.
Meyer, J. P., Stanley, D. J., Herscovitch, L., and Topolnytsky, L. (2002). Affective, Continuance, and Normative Commitment to the Organization: A Meta-Analysis of Antecedents. Correlates, and Consequences. Journal of Vocational Behavior. 61 (1), 20-52.
Morgan, G. (2002). Images of organization. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.
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Noruzy, A., Dalfard, V. M., Azhdari, B., Nazari-Shirkouhi, S. and Rezazadeh, A. (2013). Relations between transformational leadership, organizational learning, knowledge management, organizational innovation, and organizational performance: an empirical
investigation of manufacturing firms. Springer Int J Adv Manuf Techol, 6 (4), 1073-1085.
Office of Small and Medium Enterprises Promotion. (2016). Statistical Report of Small and Medium Enterprises in Northeastern Region. Retrieved March 18, 2016, From https://www.sme.go.th/th/: https://www.sme.go.th/th/index.php/data-alert/alert/report-smes- year/report-year/report-year-2559
Organ, D. W. (1988). Organizational citizenship behavior: The good soldier syndrome. Lexington, MA: Lexington Books.
Organ, D. W. and Bateman, T. S. (1991). Organizational Behavior. (4th ed). IL: Irwin.
Organ, D. W., Podsakoff, P. M., and MacKenzie, S. B. (2006). Organizational citizenship behavior its nature, antecedents, and consequences. London: Sage Publications.
Panaccio, A. and Vandenberghe, C. (2012). Five-factor model of personality and organizational commitment: The mediating role of positive and negative affective states. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 8 (1), 647-658.
Peng, J., and Chiu, S. (2010). An Integrative Model Linking Feedback Environment and Organizational Citizenship Behavior. The Journal of Social Psychology. 150 (6), 582-607.
Pinho, J. C., Rodrigues, A. P. and Dibb, S. (2014). The role of corporate culture, market orientation and organization commitment in organizational performance. Journal of Management Development, 33 (4), 374-398.
Podsakoff, P. M., MacKenzie, S. B. and Boommer, W. H. (1996). A Meta-Analysis of the Relationship between Kerr and Jemier’s Substitutes for Leadership and Employee Job Attitudes, Role Perceptions, and Performance. Journal of Applied Psychology. 81, 380-
399.
Rurkkhum, S., and Bartlett, K. R. (2012). The Relationship between Employee Engagement and Organizational Citizenship Behavior in Thailand. Human Resource Development International, 15 (2), 157-174.
Sabahi, A. H., and Dashti, N. S. (2016). The effect of emotional intelligence and job satisfaction on organizational citizenship behavior. Management Science Letters, 6 (2). 475-480.
Salehi, M. and Gholtash, A. (2011). The Relationship between Job Satisfaction, Job Burnout and Organizational Commitment with the Organizational Citizenship Behavior among Menbers of Faculty in the Islamic Azad University-First District Branches, In Order to
Provide the Appropriate Model. Procedia Social and Behavioral Science. 15, 306-310.
Salehzadeh, R., Shahin, A., Kazemi, A., and Barzoki, A. S. (2015).Is organization citizenship behavior an attractive behavior for managers: A Kano model approach. Journal of Management Development, 34 (5), 601-620.
Saifi, I. A., and Shahzad, K. (2017). The mediating role of job satisfaction in the relationship between organizational justice and organizational citizenship behavior. Pakistan Journal of Commerce and Social Sciences. 11(1), 125-145.
Shahmoradi, M., Rezaee, Z., Sheikhi, S., and Darabian, S. (2016). The relationship between organizational climate, organizational culture and creativity with job satisfaction of librarians in ahwaz public libraries. Research Journal of Psychology and Educational
Sciences, 2 (4), 94-101.
Silverthorne, C. (2003). The impact of organizational culture and person-organization fit on organizational commitment and job satisfaction in Taiwan. The Leadership & Organization Development Journal, 25 (7), 592-599.
Smith, P.C., Kendall, L. M., and Hulin, C. L. (1969). The Measurement of Satisfaction in Work and Retirement. Chicago: Rand McNally,
Srikrajang, J., Sirisugandha, T., and Chotivanich, P. (2016). Impact of Internal Strategic Marketing, Job Satisfaction and Organizational Commitment toward Employee Performance of Thai Private Hospitals. Journal of Yala Rajabhat University, 11 (1), 155-171.
Subpayarat, C. and Chaikiturajai, P. (2013). Organizational Citizenship Behavior and Its Consequences. FEU Academic review. 7 (1), 7-22.
Sudha, V., and Joice, M. B. (2017). Factors determining job satisfaction among private sector bank Employees. International Education & Research Journal, 3 (3), 31-32.
Tambe, S. and Shanker, M. (2014). A Study of Organizational Citizenship Behaviour (OCB) and Its Dimensions: A Literature Review. International Research Journal of Business and Management-IRJBM, 1 (2), 67-73.
Tai, C. L., Chang, C. M., Hong, J. Y., and Chen, L. C. (2012). Alternative models for the relationship among leadership, organization citizenship behavior, and performance: a study of new product development teams in Taiwan. Procedia-Social and Behavioral
Science, 5 (2), 511-517.
Tsai, T. T., and Lin, A. J. (2014). Do psychological contract and organizational citizenship behavior affect organizational performance in non-profit organizations. Chinese Management Studies, 8 (3), 397-417.
Tekingunduz, S., Top, M., Tengilimoglu, D., and Karabulut, E. (2015). Effect of organisational trust, job satisfaction, individual variables on the organizational commitment in healthcare services. Total Quality Management & Business Excellence, 4 (1), 1-20.
Tongsamsi, K. and Trichandhara, K. (2014). A Conceptual Framework of the Factors Affecting Job Competency in Organizations. Journal of Management Sciences. 31 (1), 169-187.
Wanichbuncha, K. (2014). Structural Equation Analysis (SEM) with AMOS. Bangkok: Samadhi.
Wiersma, W. and Jurs, S.G. (2009). Research Methods in Education : An Introduction. (9th ed). Boston : Pearson Education, Inc.
Williams, L. J., and Anderson, S. E. (1991). Job satisfaction and organizational commitment as predictors of organizational citizenship and in-role behaviors. Journal of Management, 3 (1), 601-617.
Yiing, L. H. and Bin Ahmad, K. Z. (2009). The moderating effects of organizational culture on the relationships between leadership behaviour and organizational commitment and between organizational commitment and job satisfaction and performance.
Leadership & Organization Development Journal, 30 (1), 53 – 86.
Zehir, C., Muceldili, B. and Zehir, S. (2012). The Impact of Corporate Entrepreneurship on Organizational Citizenship Behavior and Organizational Commitment: Evidence from Turkey SMEs. Procedia Social and Behavioral Science. 58, 924-933.
Antonakis (Eds), The nature of leadership (pp. 256-288). Thousand Oaks, CA : Sage.
Barron, R. A., and Greenberg, J. (1990). Behavior in organizations. (3rd ed). New York: Allyn & Bacon.
Bass, B. M., and Avolio, B. J. (1994). Shatter the glass ceiling: Women may make better Managers.Human Resource Management, 33 (19), 549-560.
Blue Update. (2016). Skilled Labor: The Real Challenge for Thai Industry. Retrieved January 30, 2016, From https://www.sumipol.com
Burns, J. M. (1978). Leadership. New York: Harper & Row.
Bushra, F., Usman, A., and Naveed, A. (2011). Effect of transformational leadership on employees’ job satisfaction and organizational commitment in banking sector of Lahore (Pakistan). International Journal of Business and Social Science. 2 (18), 261-267.
Choong, Y. O., Wong, K. L., and Lau, T. C. (2011). Psycgological empowerment and organizational commitment in the Malaysian private higher education institutions: a review and research agenda. Academic Research International, 1 (3), 236-245.
Cooke, R. A. and Lafferty, J. C. (1994). Organization culture inventory. Plymouth, MI: Human Synergistics.
Department of industrial work, Ministry of Industry. (2016). Report on the number of factories in Lower Northeastern Region 2. From https://www.diw.go.th/thawk/content.php?modespss59.
Erkmen, E. and Hancer, M. (2015). Linking brand commitment and brand citizenship behaviors of airline employees. Journal of Air Transport Management, 4 (2), 47-54.
Erkutlu, H. (2011). The moderating role of organizational culture in the relationship between organizational justice and organizational citizenship behaviors. Leadership & Organization Development Journal , 32 (6), 532-554.
Flatten, T., Adams, D. and Brettel, M. (2015). Fostering absorptive capacity through leadership: A cross-cultural analysis. Journal of World Business, 5 (2), 519-534.
George, J. M., and Jones, G. R. (2002). Understanding and Managing Organizational Behavior. (3rd ed). NJ: Prentice-Hall.
Greenberg, J., and Baron, R. A. (2003). Behavior in organization. (8th ed). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
Jariyaporn, S. (2016). Organizational Citizenship Behavior’s Educational Staffs of Thongsook College. Journal of the Association of Researchers, 21 (1), 227-238.
Jha, S. (2012). Transformational leadership and psychological empowerment. South Asian Journal of Global Business Research, 3 (1), 18-35.
Joy, M. M., and Sidhique, F. (2016). A study on the impact of innovative human resource practice on job satisfaction of employees working in information technology sector. International Journal of Engineering Technology Science and Research, 3 (12), 26-30.
Katz, D. and Kahn, R. L. (1978). The social psychology of organization. New York: John Wiley and Sons,
Kulthkornsate, N. (2015). The Structural E-quation Model of Causal. Journal of Business, Economics and Communication, 10 (2), 145-165.
Limyothin, P. (2015). Organizational Citizenship Behavior in Hotet Business. Hatyai Journal. 13 (2), 155-165.
MacIntosh, E. W., and Doherty, A. (2010). The influence of organizational culture on job satisfaction and intention to leave. Sport Management Review, 1 (3), 106-117.
Messner, W. (2013). Effect of organizational culture on employee commitment in the Indian IT services sourcing industry. Journal of Indian Business Research, 5 (2), 76-100.
Meyer, J. P., and Allen, N. J. (1991). A three-component conceptualization of organizational Commitment. Human Resource Management Review, 1 (1), 61-89.
Meyer, J. P., Stanley, D. J., Herscovitch, L., and Topolnytsky, L. (2002). Affective, Continuance, and Normative Commitment to the Organization: A Meta-Analysis of Antecedents. Correlates, and Consequences. Journal of Vocational Behavior. 61 (1), 20-52.
Morgan, G. (2002). Images of organization. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.
Mowday, R. T., Porter, L. W., and Steers, R. M. (1982). Employee-organization linkages: The psychology of commitment, absenteeism, and turnover. San Diego, CA: Academic Press.
National Economic and Social Development Board, Office. (2016). Annual Report. Bangkok: National Economic and Social Development Board, Office.
Narimani, M., Tabaeian, E., Khanjani, M., and Soltani, F. (2014). The impact of organizational citizenship behavior on enterprise resource planning success. International Journal of Quality & Reliability Management, 31 (1), 53-65.
Noruzy, A., Dalfard, V. M., Azhdari, B., Nazari-Shirkouhi, S. and Rezazadeh, A. (2013). Relations between transformational leadership, organizational learning, knowledge management, organizational innovation, and organizational performance: an empirical
investigation of manufacturing firms. Springer Int J Adv Manuf Techol, 6 (4), 1073-1085.
Office of Small and Medium Enterprises Promotion. (2016). Statistical Report of Small and Medium Enterprises in Northeastern Region. Retrieved March 18, 2016, From https://www.sme.go.th/th/: https://www.sme.go.th/th/index.php/data-alert/alert/report-smes- year/report-year/report-year-2559
Organ, D. W. (1988). Organizational citizenship behavior: The good soldier syndrome. Lexington, MA: Lexington Books.
Organ, D. W. and Bateman, T. S. (1991). Organizational Behavior. (4th ed). IL: Irwin.
Organ, D. W., Podsakoff, P. M., and MacKenzie, S. B. (2006). Organizational citizenship behavior its nature, antecedents, and consequences. London: Sage Publications.
Panaccio, A. and Vandenberghe, C. (2012). Five-factor model of personality and organizational commitment: The mediating role of positive and negative affective states. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 8 (1), 647-658.
Peng, J., and Chiu, S. (2010). An Integrative Model Linking Feedback Environment and Organizational Citizenship Behavior. The Journal of Social Psychology. 150 (6), 582-607.
Pinho, J. C., Rodrigues, A. P. and Dibb, S. (2014). The role of corporate culture, market orientation and organization commitment in organizational performance. Journal of Management Development, 33 (4), 374-398.
Podsakoff, P. M., MacKenzie, S. B. and Boommer, W. H. (1996). A Meta-Analysis of the Relationship between Kerr and Jemier’s Substitutes for Leadership and Employee Job Attitudes, Role Perceptions, and Performance. Journal of Applied Psychology. 81, 380-
399.
Rurkkhum, S., and Bartlett, K. R. (2012). The Relationship between Employee Engagement and Organizational Citizenship Behavior in Thailand. Human Resource Development International, 15 (2), 157-174.
Sabahi, A. H., and Dashti, N. S. (2016). The effect of emotional intelligence and job satisfaction on organizational citizenship behavior. Management Science Letters, 6 (2). 475-480.
Salehi, M. and Gholtash, A. (2011). The Relationship between Job Satisfaction, Job Burnout and Organizational Commitment with the Organizational Citizenship Behavior among Menbers of Faculty in the Islamic Azad University-First District Branches, In Order to
Provide the Appropriate Model. Procedia Social and Behavioral Science. 15, 306-310.
Salehzadeh, R., Shahin, A., Kazemi, A., and Barzoki, A. S. (2015).Is organization citizenship behavior an attractive behavior for managers: A Kano model approach. Journal of Management Development, 34 (5), 601-620.
Saifi, I. A., and Shahzad, K. (2017). The mediating role of job satisfaction in the relationship between organizational justice and organizational citizenship behavior. Pakistan Journal of Commerce and Social Sciences. 11(1), 125-145.
Shahmoradi, M., Rezaee, Z., Sheikhi, S., and Darabian, S. (2016). The relationship between organizational climate, organizational culture and creativity with job satisfaction of librarians in ahwaz public libraries. Research Journal of Psychology and Educational
Sciences, 2 (4), 94-101.
Silverthorne, C. (2003). The impact of organizational culture and person-organization fit on organizational commitment and job satisfaction in Taiwan. The Leadership & Organization Development Journal, 25 (7), 592-599.
Smith, P.C., Kendall, L. M., and Hulin, C. L. (1969). The Measurement of Satisfaction in Work and Retirement. Chicago: Rand McNally,
Srikrajang, J., Sirisugandha, T., and Chotivanich, P. (2016). Impact of Internal Strategic Marketing, Job Satisfaction and Organizational Commitment toward Employee Performance of Thai Private Hospitals. Journal of Yala Rajabhat University, 11 (1), 155-171.
Subpayarat, C. and Chaikiturajai, P. (2013). Organizational Citizenship Behavior and Its Consequences. FEU Academic review. 7 (1), 7-22.
Sudha, V., and Joice, M. B. (2017). Factors determining job satisfaction among private sector bank Employees. International Education & Research Journal, 3 (3), 31-32.
Tambe, S. and Shanker, M. (2014). A Study of Organizational Citizenship Behaviour (OCB) and Its Dimensions: A Literature Review. International Research Journal of Business and Management-IRJBM, 1 (2), 67-73.
Tai, C. L., Chang, C. M., Hong, J. Y., and Chen, L. C. (2012). Alternative models for the relationship among leadership, organization citizenship behavior, and performance: a study of new product development teams in Taiwan. Procedia-Social and Behavioral
Science, 5 (2), 511-517.
Tsai, T. T., and Lin, A. J. (2014). Do psychological contract and organizational citizenship behavior affect organizational performance in non-profit organizations. Chinese Management Studies, 8 (3), 397-417.
Tekingunduz, S., Top, M., Tengilimoglu, D., and Karabulut, E. (2015). Effect of organisational trust, job satisfaction, individual variables on the organizational commitment in healthcare services. Total Quality Management & Business Excellence, 4 (1), 1-20.
Tongsamsi, K. and Trichandhara, K. (2014). A Conceptual Framework of the Factors Affecting Job Competency in Organizations. Journal of Management Sciences. 31 (1), 169-187.
Wanichbuncha, K. (2014). Structural Equation Analysis (SEM) with AMOS. Bangkok: Samadhi.
Wiersma, W. and Jurs, S.G. (2009). Research Methods in Education : An Introduction. (9th ed). Boston : Pearson Education, Inc.
Williams, L. J., and Anderson, S. E. (1991). Job satisfaction and organizational commitment as predictors of organizational citizenship and in-role behaviors. Journal of Management, 3 (1), 601-617.
Yiing, L. H. and Bin Ahmad, K. Z. (2009). The moderating effects of organizational culture on the relationships between leadership behaviour and organizational commitment and between organizational commitment and job satisfaction and performance.
Leadership & Organization Development Journal, 30 (1), 53 – 86.
Zehir, C., Muceldili, B. and Zehir, S. (2012). The Impact of Corporate Entrepreneurship on Organizational Citizenship Behavior and Organizational Commitment: Evidence from Turkey SMEs. Procedia Social and Behavioral Science. 58, 924-933.