Unveiling Gender Dynamics: Exploring Historical and Contemporary Manifestations of Gender Discrimination in Societal Structures and Policies
Keywords:
gender dynamics, gender discrimination, societal structures, patriarchal ideologies, policiesAbstract
This study explores gender discrimination by examining its historical roots and modern-day expressions, particularly in ancient Israel and contemporary Nigeria. Using a mixed-methods approach, it integrates qualitative analysis of biblical texts (Numbers 1–11) and historical commentaries to identify gender-specific roles in ancient Israel, alongside interviews and literature reviews to explore patterns of discrimination in Nigeria. Surveys among pastors, leaders, and church workers in Lagos State helped quantify the prevalence and impact of gender bias. Lagos was chosen for its multicultural setting, which mirrors broader gender issues in Nigeria. The research is grounded in Marxist feminist theory and production and property relations theory, providing frameworks to analyse systemic inequalities. Empirical findings highlight persistent gender disparities across sectors such as education, employment, healthcare, and political representation. The comparative analysis reveals both enduring similarities and evolving differences in gender dynamics between the two societies. Seven core recommendations are made to tackle gender discrimination. These include reforming discriminatory policies, strengthening institutional accountability, and launching awareness campaigns to promote equality and inclusivity. The study emphasizes the need to dismantle patriarchal ideologies embedded in societal structures. By revealing the historical and contemporary forces behind gender inequality, the study contributes valuable insights for social justice advocacy, gender-sensitive policymaking, and the pursuit of equitable societal development.
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