Journal of politics, administration and law

Analysis of Political Conflicts Arising from Different Generations Gap

2023-11-15T15:04:08+07:00

Different ages group It may have many effects on people living together in society and growing up from different upbringing and environments. As a result, thoughts, feelings, and behaviors in living life are different. Combined with the current political situation that plays a role in every life of everyone in society. As a result, political views change according to each age group as well. Until causing a conflict from what is seen today with the demands of the new generation who do not agree with the old political ideas of the older generation who still cling to the existing ideas. obsolescence This is different from the new generation who have different views on cities in the past. These groups of people grew up with changes in political conditions that affected the lives of this group of people. This can be seen from their frequent political expressions. Until causing conflict in society from the case of studying conflicts between generations that cause differences in political thinking. It was found that the thing that should be given the most importance is acceptance and understanding of each other's differences. So that everyone in society can live together happily.

Strategic Policy Making of Political Parties in the Digital Era

2024-06-12T11:33:33+07:00

The purpose of this research was to study recommendations for policy-making strategies of political parties in the digital era. It is qualitative research. This research used a qualitative research consisting of studying information from secondary documents and in-depth interviews. There were 19 key informants including politicians, academics, businessmen, and citizens. The research tools were semi-structured interviews created by the researcher. Data obtained from in-depth interviews and secondary data will be analyzed using content analysis with contextual unit.

The results of the analysis by using the SWOT Matrix technique found that from a total of 4 different alternatives, namely proactive (SO Strategy), preventive (ST Strategy), corrective (WO Strategy) and defensive (WT Strategy) can be analyzed different options in 11 strategic issues and grouped together into 3 strategies for policy-making of political parties in the digital age as follows; Strategy1: Develop policies with big data and modern digital system, Strategy2: Upgrade the policy network into a think tank, Strategy3: Develop communication channels for policy formulation. Suggestions for the strategy to be successful include: 1) Political parties should develop and link databases with cooperation partners from various parties. 2) Political parties should adjust their work processes in new ways by giving importance to developing the abilities of party personnel to have the capacity to develop policies and develop organizations towards excellence. 3) Political parties should develop a prototype think tank for political party policy. 4) Political parties promote the opening of public forums to stakeholders to express their opinions.

Participation in Political Demonstration of Burapha University Students

2024-06-21T09:47:50+07:00

This research titled “participation in political demonstrations of Burapha University students” purposes to 1) study the steps and forms of participation in political demonstrations of Burapha University students 2) study the factors affecting participation in political demonstrations of Burapha University students. This research employs a qualitative method with a sample of 8 people and a quantitative method with a sample of 369 people.

The qualitative study results have shown that participation in political demonstrations of Burapha University students has clear goals according to situations. In line with the target group of students and youth in the Bang Saen area, most political rallies are in the form of setting up stages for speeches, expressing symbols and organizing schedules of activities. The locations must be appropriate. There is a system setup to manage equipment. There is a backup plan and a team risk assessment is always carried out before holding a political participation rally. The quantitative study results have shown that the fields of study were different participation in political rallies was significantly different at 0.05, in line with the set assumptions. As for gender, age, year of study, membership in university activity groups and awareness of political news, participation in political rallies was not different at the statistical significance level of 0.05, not in accordance with the set assumptions. There are two different factors affecting the participation in political demonstrations of Burapha University students: social needs and esteem needs for the significantly difference at 0.05 according to the set assumptions. This can be written as an equation as follows: participation in political demonstrations = 0.637 + 0.393 (social need) + 0.305 (esteem needs).

Employment Conditions and Quality of Life of Migrant Workers in Saen Suk Municipality Mueang District, Chonburi Province.

2024-01-18T13:51:11+07:00

Objectives of this research were 1) to study the employment conditions of migrant workers in Saen Suk Municipality, Mueang District, Chonburi Province; and 2) to study the quality of life of migrant workers in Saen Suk Municipality, Mueang District, Chonburi Province. Qualitative anthropological research method was used as research methodology, relying on collecting information from documents, in-depth interviews and non-participant observation. The study found that migrant workers who came to work in the Saen Suk Municipality area worked in many career fields, especially works that people in the area did not do. The majority of low-skilled workers worked in the 3D category (difficult, dirty and dangerous), but there was a tendency to expand their scope into other jobs besides the 3D groups. Migrant workers came to work both legally and illegally and their income ranges were about 300 - 500 baht. Their average working time was 8 -10 hours per day. For accommodations, there were 3 types as follows: 1) They lived together with the employer; 2) employers provided accommodation and 3) employer organized a large permanent worker camp. In terms of welfare, migrant workers' health welfare and overall health safety were at a good level. Overall, it was found that the quality of life of migrant workers in the Saen Suk Municipality area was within the quality standards by considering the quality of life of migrant workers according to academic principles covering all dimensions as follows: dignity and quality of working life, health and health safety, social relations, family warmth and security and personal safety and security.

Opportunities and Challenges in the Application Process for the Child Support Grant Scheme in Thailand

2024-04-26T22:07:54+07:00

This research aimed to 1) study the process of applying for the child support grant scheme. 2) analyze the opportunities and challenges in the application process. This was qualitative research that primarily analyzed relevant documents. The study found that the child support grant scheme aimed to support quality and equal growth within society, especially for children from poor households. There were seven steps in the application process. The first step was to register for the scheme at the local administrative organization or through the Ngoen Dek application. The second step was to find a person authorized by the scheme to certify the household's low-income status. Both steps directly involved citizens. Then, the local administrative organization was responsible for data verification, the announcement of the list of applicants, and eligibility screening. This was followed by data recording into the scheme’s database and verification of rights for approval. This was the responsibility of the provincial social development and human security office. The comptroller general's department was responsible for the disbursement of the allowance. The last step was the process for changes and termination of rights, which followed the same procedures mentioned above. The study identified the following opportunities related to the application process: Allowing parents who want to register to do so at the local administrative organization in the area where they live. There were various types of people who could certify household status. And the readiness for decentralization of scheme tasks to local administrative organizations. However, some opportunities turned into challenges in the application process, such as the complexity of the eligibility criteria leading to misunderstandings among applicants. Relevant policy implementers also lacked sufficient understanding of the details of the scheme implementation. Therefore, the researcher suggested enhancing public relations for the scheme, revising the application process, adding channels for receiving the allowance, and broadening the scheme as a welfare for all children.

The Analysis of Path Relationship Among Factors Influencing the Efficiency of Capital in Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs)

2024-01-30T14:10:51+07:00

The study aimed to 1) study factors in accessing funding sources for small and medium-sized business entrepreneurs 2) study factors influencing the ability to access funding sources for small and medium-sized business entrepreneurs (SMEs). This research is a quantitative research. The sample group is small and medium-sized business entrepreneurs in the eastern special development zone including Chonburi Province. Chachoengsao Province and Rayong Province. The total population is 440 people, selected by Purposive Sampling, the tools used to collect data include an online questionnaire. Statistics used to analyze the data include 1) Descriptive statistics: frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation 2) Inferential statistics: analysis of influence Path Analysis.

The results of the research found that factors in accessing capital for small and medium business entrepreneurs include 1) character 2) managerial skills 3) accounting 4) capacity 5) capital 6) collateral, and 7) condition. Factors that influence the ability to access capital for small and medium sized business entrepreneurs include financial institution conditions. It is the factor that most influences the ability to Condition. The second most influential factors are collateral, capital and capacity. As for character, managerial skills and accounting. There are no direct or indirect influence on factors affecting access to capital.

Communication Mission Management Model of the Government Spokesperson's Office Secretariat of the Prime Minister of Thailand

2024-06-07T16:45:04+07:00

The purpose of this research is to study the operating conditions and analyze the communication missions of the Spokesperson's Office abroad and in Thailand. To study the communication mission management model of the Spokesperson's Office. Secretariat of the Prime Minister in the appropriate context of Thailand Using a mixed research method both qualitative research and quantitative research The population in this study consists of 2 groups: 1) key informants, namely the executives of the Spokesperson's Office Secretariat of the Prime Minister academic group Communication specialist Communication management and the working group within the Government Spokesperson's Office 2) Thailand's media group Qualitative data collection Use the in-depth interview question tool. For collecting quantitative data, questionnaires were used. Qualitative data analysis used data analysis methods using data classification methods. and data comparison Quantitative data analysis section Descriptive statistics were used, including frequency distribution, percentage, mean, and standard deviation. in data analysis

The results of the study found that Conditions of operation and analysis of the communication missions of the Spokesperson's Office abroad and in Thailand found that the communication missions of Thailand It is similar to every country. The mission can be classified as Administrative missions, news, public relations Support and coordination, and strategy preparation For the communication mission management model of the Spokesperson's Office Secretariat of the Prime Minister in the appropriate context of Thailand The messenger aspect (s) includes an impressive image (I), a liquid structure (s), agility (A), collaboration (C), coordination (Co), ethical standards (E), division of labor according to Aptitude (D) Expertise system (S) Message aspect (M) consisting of awareness (A) Understanding (C) Channel aspect (C) consisting of mass media communication channels (M) Use of technology Comes in communication work, Tech-enabled and Tec-savvy (T). The receiver side (R) consists of access to Reach (R), awareness of citizenship, and Citizen (C).

The Opinion of Burapha University Students on Domestic Violence Against Women

2024-03-30T16:32:07+07:00

This research aims to study the opinions of Burapha University student about domestic violence against women and to compare the opinions of Burapha University student about domestic violence against women. The samples were 440 students, and the research instrument was a questionnaire. The statistic used to analyze the data were percentage, mean, standard deviation, t-test, and One-Way ANOVA.

The results were; the students expressed their opinions that violence against women in the family was at a moderate level. Verbal violence was the highest, followed by physical and mental. The students expressed their opinions as follows: (1) “In today's society, it is inappropriate for a husband to speak abusively as an insult” to a large extent (2) “In today's society, you often see people in family talk and insult each other” at a large level and (3) “In today's society, you often see husbands abuse their wives with weapons such as a log, a gun, a chair” at a large level. When comparing the opinions of students about domestic violence against women, it was found that in personal factors, different faculties received a significantly different level of opinions about domestic violence against women with the statistical level of 0.05.

Sports Tourism Strategic of Sisaket Province

2024-06-07T16:42:18+07:00

The purpose of this research is to analyze the sports tourism environment of Sisaket Province. To prepare a strategic plan for sports tourism in Sisaket Province and to study the guidelines for driving the sports tourism strategy of Sisaket Province. Using a mixed research method both qualitative research and quantitative research the population in the study is tourists and stakeholders. The sample group will be 400 tourists and stakeholders in sports tourism in Sisaket Province and in-depth interviews will be conducted. Key informants from 3 groups as follows: Government agencies Private sector agencies and public sector agencies Qualitative data collection Use the in-depth interview question tool. For collecting quantitative data, questionnaires were used. Qualitative data analysis used data analysis methods using data classification methods. and data comparison Quantitative data analysis section Descriptive statistics were used, including frequency distribution, percentage, mean, and standard deviation. in data analysis

The results of the study found that the Sports tourism environment of Sisaket Province Strengths includes tourism resources and attractions in sports tourism destinations. Weaknesses: No airport, limited accommodations. The average daily cost is quite low. Opportunity for an overview of development plans at various levels There are guidelines for developing personnel and tourism operators in a new way. Encourage communities to create tourism activities Develop logistics infrastructure and public transport Public relations and aggressive marketing. Obstacles: Buriram Province is a nearby competitor. Strategic plan to drive the sports tourism strategy of Sisaket Province Strategy 1: Create a leadership identity for sports tourism cities. Strategy 2: Develop logistics systems. Infrastructure Strategy 3: Public relations to create awareness and stimulate marketing at Both regional levels in the country and international level Strategy 4: Develop personnel in both tourism and sports and expand the integrated sports tourism working network in all sectors. Guidelines for driving the sports tourism strategy of Sisaket Province include (1) guidelines for accessibility. Tourism activities and facilities

Evaluation of Services of Chainat Rest Area, Manorom, Chainat

2023-09-15T11:01:18+07:00

This research aims to assess the service performance of Chainat Rest Area, compare perceptions of service success levels based on individual factors, and formulate guidelines for service development. This mixed-method study involved three sample groups: the general public/service users (400 people), representatives from government agencies, and representatives from private sector organizations (30 purposive samples), using questionnaires and in-depth interviews. Findings suggest that the service performance of the Chainat Rest Area is generally high, with project impact receiving the highest success level, followed by service delivery and the contextual level. It was found that perceptions of service success levels significantly differed based on socioeconomic status and age, but not on gender or frequency of service usage. The proposed guidelines for development emphasize the need for enhanced cooperation between public and private sectors. This includes allocating funds for improvements, conducting surveys, consultations, and monitoring to ensure proper project implementation, and promoting the development of entrepreneurs. The service center should also be developed as a significant local tourism hub to contribute to economic and tourism growth, ensuring community satisfaction and acceptance.

The Development of Tourism Routes in the Old Town Community along the Phetchaburi River Focusing on Historical and Cultural Tourism in order to Enhance Phetchaburi Province into a Creative City

2024-05-08T16:16:39+07:00

This research aims to study the opinions and potentials of community regarding the improvement of tourism routes in the old town community area along the Phetchaburi River and to develop tourism routes in the old town community area along the Phetchaburi River by using qualitative research method. This involved area-based research and in-depth interviews with community leaders and residents living in the area. The research findings reveal several outstanding aspects, particularly its status as a city rich in historical and cultural heritage, maintaining authentic and original features. This is evident from the number of ancient temples that can be traced back to historical periods, such as Wat Kamphaeng Laeng from the Lopburi period, Wat Yai Suwannaram, Wat Ko, and Wat Khao Bandai It, which are exemplary of the temples from the Ayutthaya Kingdom period. As the city transitioned into the Rattanakosin period, the city of Phetchaburi is even outstanding as a city with two royal palaces, Phra Nakhon Khiri and Phra Ram Ratchaniwet, highlighting Phetchaburi's historical importance closely linked to the Chakri dynasty. Additionally, the city possesses ancient communities with sufficient potential for development to accommodate tourists. In the past, a number of tourists have visited various temples and palaces in Phetchaburi to engage in religious practices and admire the beauty of ancient craftsmanship. However, the number of visitors to these cultural heritage sites remains low compared to the influx of tourists to other districts known for their natural attractions. Therefore, to enhance the appeal of Phetchaburi and promote it as a destination rich in historical and cultural heritage, the research team has undertaken several initiatives. These include organizing a seminar entitled "Phetch City: A Gem of Historical and Cultural Tourism," which was broadcasted via Facebook to disseminate the city’s cultural value to the public. Additionally, the researchers conducted field surveys of historical and cultural sites to create an E-BOOK for public distribution and also developed a tourism program for the old community areas along the Phetchaburi River, focusing on historical and cultural tourism, with the goal of elevating Phetchaburi into a creative city.

Factors to Affected Product Consumer Behavior Electrical Lighting Equipment Group

2024-03-13T09:53:22+07:00

The situation of the lighting equipment market in Thailand shows continuous growth. Light generated from electrical devices is crucial for visual organs and human work. Therefore, creating an environment that enhances visual efficiency and reduces eye strain caused by lighting is essential. This research aims to study cultural, social, personal, psychological, and consumer behavior factors related to lighting equipment. Data was collected through questionnaires from a sample group of 400 residents in Bangkok. Statistical analyses included t-tests, ANOVA, and multiple regression.

The study found that the majority of the sample group were females (51.25%) aged 51-60 years (53.5%). Most had education levels below a bachelor’s degree (88.50%) and worked in companies or businesses (53.25%). The frequency of purchasing lighting equipment was 1-2 times per month (41.50%). Overall, social, personal, and cultural factors were rated highly (4.31, 4.14, 3.68, and 3.68, respectively).

1) Income significantly influenced consumer behavior related to lighting equipment, with statistical significance at the 0.05 level, accepting the hypothesis.

2) Occupation did not significantly affect consumer behavior, rejecting the hypothesis.

3) Predictors related to psychology, social aspects, and culture influenced consumer behavior regarding lighting equipment, with decreasing importance.

Organizational Commitment of Employees in the Loan Procedures Department of Government Housing Bank, Head Office

2024-02-23T13:51:52+07:00

This study aimed to investigate and understand the corporate engagement of Credit Processing Officers at the Government Housing Bank Head Office. The objective was to assess the level of engagement and compare it among employees with different personal characteristics. The research sample comprised 103 employees from the credit formalities department. A 5-level rating scale questionnaire was utilized, ensuring content validity and linguistic appropriateness through the calculation of the Index of Item Objective Congruence (IOC) based on expert opinions. Additionally, the questionnaire's reliability was assessed using the Cronbach Alpha Coefficient, yielding a coefficient alpha of .856, indicating high reliability. Statistical methods, including percentage statistics, mean values, standard deviations, t-tests, and One-way ANOVA, were employed to analyze the data.

The research findings indicate that the overall organizational commitment level of employees in the Credit Ceremony Department at Bank of Ayudhya (Head Office) is high (mean = 3.44, S.D. = 0.202). The hypothesis test reveals that there is no significant difference in organizational commitment among sample groups based on gender, age, marital status, education, salary, and tenure. Based on this research, I recommend that bank management should promote a policy encouraging employees to consider long-term commitment to the organization, even when faced with challenges. Employees who willingly sacrifice personal benefits for the organization’s success contribute significantly to its achievements.

Decisions in using Customer Services Sitthathada Group Company Limited

2024-03-04T14:50:18+07:00

The purpose of this research is to study the decisions in using the services of customers of Sitthathada Group Co., Ltd. and compare the decisions in using services of customers of Sitthathada Group Co., Ltd. with different backgrounds. The sample group consisted of 68 customers of Sitthathada Group Company Limited using accidental sampling. The tools included: The questionnaire was a 5-level rating scale (Rating Scale). The researcher checked for content validity. By finding the index of consistency (IOC) of expert opinions and analyzing the confidence value. (Reliability) of the questionnaire by calculating the Cronbach Alpha Coefficient. The reliability coefficient alpha of the questionnaire was .762. This research Statistics were used to analyze the data, including percentage, mean, and standard deviation. Testing the means with t-test and One -way ANOVA

The results of the research found that the level of decision making in the use of services by customers of Sitthada Group Company Limited as a whole had a high average level ( =3.99, S.D.= 0.215) Testing the hypothesis found that the sample group with gender, age, and status Marriage, education and income have different opinions on the decision to use services. Overall, they are no different. Suggestions: The company's executives should have a policy to train employees with knowledge and expertise in working to respond to the needs of customers as much as possible. Have a policy to provide services that are quick and prompt, creating Satisfaction to customers

The Factors Affecting Deciding to Buy Melamine for Restaurants in Bangkok Metropolitan

2024-03-29T11:01:04+07:00

The research on factors affecting the decision to purchase melamine for restaurants in Bangkok has the following objectives: 1) To study the level of factors affecting the shape and characteristics of melamine, including suitability for use, prohibitive factors, taste, attitude, advertising, weather conditions, and the decision to use melamine in Bangkok restaurants. 2) To examine the relationship between the shape and characteristics of melamine, factors suitable for use, prohibitive factors, taste, attitude, advertising, weather conditions, and the decision to use melamine in Bangkok restaurants. 3) To investigate how personal factors such as gender, education level, and average monthly income of the sample group affect their decision to purchase melamine for restaurants in Bangkok. This quantitative research involved a sample of restaurants in Bangkok that passed the food safety criteria assessment in 2022. The group was selected using the Krejcie & Morgan table method, numbering 377 with an 8-part questionnaire tool consisting of a checklist questionnaire and an opinion questionnaire. Rating scale indicates the intensity of opinions, feelings, attitudes, and analysis. Data were analyzed using the T-test, ANOVA, and Pearson correlation coefficient.

The results indicated that: 1) The decision to use melamine is highly influenced by factors such as the shape of melamine, its suitability for use, contraindications, taste, attitude towards using melamine containers, advertising of melamine containers, and weather conditions affecting product purchases. 2) There is a statistically significant difference (p < .05) in the decision to use melamine for restaurants in Bangkok based on gender and different educational levels. Additionally, different average monthly incomes affect the decision to use melamine in Bangkok restaurants. Further research should be conducted to promote knowledge and understanding of the use of utensils, and qualitative research should involve establishments, business networks, and industrial sectors both domestically and internationally, especially in India.

Evaluating the Structural Dimensions of Trust in Supervisors at Thai Universities Using SmartPLS

2024-06-14T16:49:09+07:00

This study validated the Trust in Supervisors scale using Covariance-Based Structural Equation Modeling (CB-SEM) via SMARTPLS software, analyzing data from 215 employees at nine Thai universities. The focus was on the Trust in Supervisors construct and its components - Ability, Benevolence, and Integrity. Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) demonstrated a robust measurement model with high factor loadings, excellent internal consistency reliability, and substantial average variance extracted (AVE). Discriminant validity confirmed the distinctiveness of the constructs, enhancing the theoretical framework's credibility. Structural model analysis revealed significant relationships between Trust in Supervisors and employees' perceptions of supervisors' competencies, goodwill, and integrity, underscoring trust's role in fostering positive organizational climates and enhancing employee well-being and performance. Despite limitations such as geographical and sectoral specificity and the cross-sectional nature of the data, this study advances the understanding of trust dynamics in organizations. Future research should explore trust-related phenomena longitudinally across diverse settings and incorporate qualitative methods for deeper insights into trust formation and its organizational implications.

Legal Problems and Obstacles Concerning on the Use of the Prime Minister’s Special Autority for Solving Environmental Pollution Problems

2024-01-29T11:32:02+07:00

This thesis aimed to examine legal problems and obstacles concerning the use of the Prime Minister’s special authority for solving environmental pollution problems by exercising the authority to tissue orders in case of emergency or danger being a serious risk to the public’s life, health, safety, and property or the state property. Violators or those who are not compliant with the orders or obstruct the orders shall be punished. A heavier penalty shall be imposed upon persons who obstruct and cause harm or damage from the pollution in accordance with the Enhancement and Conservation of National Environmental Quality Act B.E. 2535 (1992), Section 9 appurtenant to the Section 98.

According to the study, it was found that the Enhancement and Conservation of National Environmental Quality Act did not give a definition of “emergency” and “public danger”, causing problems and obstacles for the Prime Minister in interpreting and exercising authority under the Section 9 appurtenant to the Section 98. This led to some problems that the Prime Minister should exercise the authority to solve pollution problems but is unable to do so, though it is a direct emergency and public danger. If such authority is given to provincial governors who are closer to the fact in their provinces to issue orders, the problems shall be solved in a timely manner rather than waiting for the orders given by the Prime Minister. Besides, the exercise of authority under the Section 9 is considered being redundant to the environment protection measures prescribed in the Chapter 3 on environmental protection of the Enhancement and Conservation of National Environmental Quality Act B.E. 2535 (1992), which is known as general environmental protection, causing confusion among persons who follow the law, especially factory operators or farmers feeding their families who have to compliant with the orders issued under the Section 9 and be punished under Section 98.

The study recommends that the definitions of “emergency” and “public danger” should be given, and the authority should be given to provincial governors to declare an emergency or public danger without waiting for an order assigned by the Prime Minister. Punishment should be determined in the case of poor people or people who have intention to earn a living without knowing that there is an order of the Prime Minister that prohibits from doing something from the order.

Witness Testimony in Criminal Cases Via Video Conferences

2024-03-15T16:30:24+07:00

This article is focus on study of concepts, theories and laws related to examination of witnesses in criminal cases while an accused person does not present at trial in courtroom, but appear in front of screen via video conference device system instead. By comparing with similar process of using device on criminal hearing of Thailand to other countries such as Texas state and California state of the United of America, New Zealand and Netherlands. That helping the study to find out solution which can present suggestion for amendment of criminal procedure in order to legalize the new process of examination of witnesses in certain criminal cases via modern technology device, by drawing criteria of using video conference device, cases classification to be trial by using technology device , limitation of right to absent at trial , regulation of defective body or mental illness to whom shall proceed examination of witnesses via technology device, including time frame and place to proceed examination of witnesses in order to ensure that right of all accused will not be violated or deprived of and protected under the same law ,and fully guarantee that visualized examination of witnesses in criminal cases via video conference device is equally fair trial as its presence in courtroom under due process of law.

Principle of Consent in Data Protection Law: Comparative Study of the European Union, Republic of Korea and Kingdom of Thailand

2024-01-15T14:30:17+07:00

The objectives of this study are: (1 ) to study the concepts, theories, and criteria related to personal rights and principles of consent in connection with personal data protection; (2) to study the laws and criteria governing the enforcement of General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) in the European Union and the Personal Information Protection Act (PIPA) in the Republic of Korea and the Personal Data Protection Act of B.E. 2562 (PDPA) in Thailand; (3) to study and analyze the problematic issues and potential obstacles related to the principles of consent concerning the protection of personal data in Thailand, in comparison with the GDPR and PIPA; and (4) to study and explore potential approaches to improve its appropriateness application of the principles of consent in protecting personal data within the context of Thai society while strictly adhering with international standards.

The results of the study found that: (1) the right to privacy is viewed as fundamental human right that on one cannot violate except with that person’s consent; (2) in principle, the consent must be freely obtained, precise, well-informed consent, and able to withdraw consent at any time; (3) currently, the use of principle of consent in Thailand’s personal data protection law still in infantry stage and require cautious interpretation and enforcement of the privacy law differs from that of the European Union establishing a systematic enforcement moreover the decision of the Court of justice of the EU also take into account the fundamental rights. and basic human rights rather than the state’s widespread security claims; and the Personal Information Protection Act (PIPA) in the Republic of Korea requires consent in each and every stage of personal data collection and provides clear guidelines, reducing potential risk of misinterpretation and discretionary use by data control authorities; and (4) therefore, the researcher proposes potential amendments to the Personal Data Protection Act of B.E. 2562 (PDPA), incorporating effective aspects of the GDPR and PIPA, tailored to comply with the social context of Thai society.

Laws Relating to the Management of Urban Development Areas: A Comparative study of Foreign Countries, Thailand, and the Eastern Economic Corridor

2024-06-12T13:41:40+07:00

The objective of this research is to analyze legal mechanisms related to the management of area development on the issues of decentralization and the principles of public participation, by making a comparison between foreign countries, Thailand, and the Eastern Economic Corridor (EEC) to propose legal recommendations for the area management in the EEC. The research results showed that relevant laws in foreign countries emphasize the concept of decentralization to local governments in terms of urban planning and urban development. However, in Thailand, under the Town Planning Act B.E. 2562, the authorized agency to make policy and town plans is the Department of Public Works and Town & Country Planning, which is a central government agency along with the role of local governments which does not reflect the intrinsic concept of decentralization as shown in other countries. Additionally, public participation is still incomplete, that is, citizens have the right to express their opinions and investigate only in some cases or under certain conditions, which contradicts the inspection of state power principle. As for the Eastern Special Development Zone Act B.E.2561, there are some legal issues in many aspects raised by civil society organizations, especially the powers of the Special Development Zone Policy Committee, and the level of public participation which is lower than the measures specified in the Town Planning Act B.E.2562. This may prevent the EEC Project from achieving its sustainable development goals.

In terms of public participation, the researchers propose recommendations in 3 phases, namely: 1) In the short term, measures regarding public participation under the Eastern Special Development Zone Act B.E.2561 should be established at the same level as those specified under the Town Planning Act B.E.2562 to achieve the same standards of ensuring the citizens’ rights. 2) In the medium term, there should be additional amendments in the parts where citizens are restricted in their rights to participate in amendment, and review of city planning enforcement results as stipulated in foreign laws. Also, the guidelines for public participation for all types of city plans should be launched. 3) In the long term, Thailand should have an act governing public hearings to set certain guidelines for hearing public opinions and implementing those opinions in policy making process. When such an act is available, The Town Planning Act B.E. 2562 and the Eastern Special Development Zone Act B.E.2561 should be amended by adding public hearings as another method for public participation in town planning, which is consistent with foreign countries’ practices.