Journal of Professional Routine to Research

The Study on Suitable Ratios of Mixed Bedding Materials (Aspen Shavings and Corn cob) for 7-Day Cage Replacement in Mlac:DH Colony of National Laboratory Animal Center, Mahidol University

2023-05-02T13:13:01+07:00

The purpose of this study was to study the ratio of using two types of bedding materials, namely aspen shavings and corncob. Group 1 aspen shavings were more than corncob (2:1), Group 2 aspen shavings were equal to corncob (1:1), and Group 3 aspen shavings were less than corncob (1:2). The Mlac:DH guinea pig breeders were kept on mixed bedding for each group for 7 consecutive days to simulate the 7-day cage replacement period. Feed consumption, water consumption, and waste weight were collected every day. Pictures of the bedding and cleanliness of the animals' bellies were collected on days 4 and 7. Carbon dioxide (CO₂) and ammonia (NH₃) gases were measured within the animal cages daily from day 4 to day 7. It was found that the condition of all groups on the 7^th day showed no difference in the accumulated waste. The cleanliness of the animal was determined by fecal smears under the belly or the appearance of clumped hair. It was found that all three groups (both males and females) had no feces on the abdominal hair and no clumped hair after 4 and 7 days. All three groups did not differ from each other. The daily food consumption and the amount of waste in each group were not statistically different. Each group's CO₂ and NH₃ levels were within the acceptable range and were not significantly different. The water consumption of all groups was higher than the average normal water consumption of young adult guinea pigs, and the water consumption of Group 3 was significantly different from Group 1and Group 2. However, this excessive water consumption could be due to the water-play behavior of guinea pigs. For the condition of the surface of the rearing cage at the 7-day rearing, Group 1 had a higher ratio of aspen shavings than corncob, and there was more wetness accumulation than in Groups 2 and 3 because it had less adsorbent. Group 3, which has the highest corncob ratio, was the group that could absorb the most moisture. However, based on the surface texture of the bedding material after the 7-day rearing period, it was found that the corncobs were pushed up to mix in the foreground more than Groups 1 and 2 which could be a factor causing foot injury. This is considered adversely beneficial to animal health and welfare. Thus, it was concluded that the bedding mixture of Group 2 (aspen shavings equal to corncobs) was more effective than the other two groups for housing Mlac:DH guinea pig bloodstocks at the 7-day cage replacement. However, further studies were needed to carried out the effect of long-term rearing on the 7-day cage replacement.

Reduced Bottle-Filling Machine Setup Time Waste Using Single-Minute Exchange of Die (SMED): A Case Study of a Fish Sauce Plant

2023-06-27T12:50:10+07:00

This study investigates the application of a Single-Minute Exchange of Die: SMED to reduce the setup time for the fish bottling-filling machine. The reduction of waste in bottle-filling setup time is a key aspect of enhancing work productivity while minimizing production downtime. The data was collected through a non-participant observation method, with video data recorded on the business's video recorder, in order to examine the manufacturing staff’s pre- and post-work processes in setting up the bottle-filling machine. The study's findings found that reducing the remaining activities for adjusting the bottling machine setup time from 13 to 9 reduced the average setup time from 237 minutes to 124 minutes, or a 47.68 percent decrease. The findings of this study can help guide operations for businesses in the bottling industry by reducing machine set-up time using SMED principles in order to increase production efficiency and minimize production costs through reduced time.

Human Resource Management in a Japanese Cultural Organizational Context Affects Employee Commitment at a Japanese Multinational Company in Ayutthaya Province

2023-06-16T09:41:11+07:00

This study aimed to examine (1) the level of opinion of human resource management under Japanese corporate culture, (2) the level of employee engagement, and (3) the effect of human resource management under Japanese corporate culture on employee engagement at a Japanese company in Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya Province. This study is quantitative in nature. The data collection instrument was a structured, closed-ended questionnaire. It was collected from the research population, which consisted of 260 employees of this company, and 100 percent of the questionnaires were returned. Data analysis The researcher employed frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation for descriptive statistics. Multiple regression analysis was used in the inferential statistics. The results indicated that both the level of opinions regarding human resource management within the Japanese corporate culture as a whole and the level of employee engagement were high. According to the results of the hypothesis test, human resource management within the Japanese corporate culture affected employee engagement in three areas: recruitment and selection, training and development, and performance evaluation. As for benefits and compensation, there was no statistically significant impact on employee engagement at the statistical significance level of 0.05.

The Comparison between Pure Tone and Warble Tone Thresholds in Normal Hearing Individuals

2023-03-27T13:18:40+07:00

Pure Tone is a standard signal used in clinical audiometry to determine degree and type of hearing loss. Current commercial audiometers offer alternative signals such as Warble Tone and Pulsed Tone. As the signal provide additional cues, it is easier for patients to detect the signal especially for patients who suffer from tinnitus. Although there are several existing studies compared hearing thresholds using Pure Tone to ones using Warble Tone, the results were inconsistent. This study aims to compare hearing thresholds using the two signals, and determine whether they can be used interchangeably in Thai people. Air conduction hearing thresholds at 250 to 8000 Hz were obtained from 31 normal hearing ears, aged between 18 to 28 years old. Data were analyzed using the Bland-Altman plot. The results show the difference between hearing thresholds of the two signals at 250, 500, 2000, 4000, 8000 Hz were within limits of agreement at 95%CI. Post hoc analysis using Wilcoxon signed rank test, only thresholds at 3000 Hz were different between stimuli (1.29 dB) which was statistically significant, but not clinically significant difference with a 5 dB - step procedure and wabled at a rate of 5 Hz with a ±5% allowable deviation around the selected center frequency. In conclusion, the Warble Tone signal can be used interchangeably with Pure Tone signal in clinical practice.

Job Characteristics Factors Influencing Employees’ Organizational Commitment in Bangkok Mass Transit Authority (Head Office)

2023-05-21T23:30:23+07:00

Human resources are the driving force an organization's success, as they bring skills, knowledge, and experience to achieve organization's goals. In addition, by investing in the development of human resource management systems, organizations can foster loyalty and motivation, leading to higher performance and a competitive edge. Therefore, the research aimed to study (1) the opinion levels about the job characteristics factor, (2) the opinion levels about organizational commitment, and (3) the influence of the job characteristics factors on organizational commitment of employees of the Bangkok Mass Transit Authority (Head Office). This study was quantitative research. The population used in this study was 529 employees of the Bangkok Mass Transit Authority Headquarters. The sample size was determined by Taro Yamane's method. The sample size was 228 people. The instrument used in the study was a questionnaire. The statistics used in the analysis were frequency, percentage, mean and multiple regression analysis. The results of the study revealed that (1) employees had opinions about the job characteristics factor at a high level, (2) employees had opinions about organizational commitment at a high level, and (3) the job characteristics factor including diverse job tasks, feedback receiving and the unique aspects of the work influenced on the organizational commitment with statistically significance at the level of 0.01 and could jointly predict the organizational commitment at 60.40%.

Model for developing digital skills of teachers and educational personnel Ubon Ratchathani Primary Educational Service Area Office, Area 2 via the online system

2023-09-20T13:21:16+07:00

This research aimed to 1) study the basic information and needs for the development of digital skills among civil servant teachers and educational personnel, and 2) create a model for the development of digital skills among civil servant teachers and educational personnel. The research encompassed a combination of research methods, including quantitative and qualitative research. The sample group comprised government teachers and educational personnel from the Ubon Ratchathani Educational Service Area Office, Area 2, totaling 325 people. The research tools used included a questionnaire on needs, a format, a manual for format implementation, and a questionnaire on appropriateness and feasibility. Data analysis involved percentages, means, and standard deviations. The research findings indicated that the need to develop digital skills was generally at a high level. When considering each aspect, it was found that stability of use had the highest average, while the online collaboration section had the lowest average. The digital skills development model consisted of 1) principles of the model, 2) objectives of the model, 3) methods of implementation, 4) evaluation of the model, and 5) conditions for success. The 10 digital skills included 1) computer usage, 2) internet usage, 3) security program usage, 4) word processing program usage, 5) spreadsheet program usage, 6) presentation program usage, 7) digital media creation program usage, 8 ) online collaboration, 9) digital security usage, and 10) understanding policies, laws, and standards. Development methods included 1) online lessons, 2) ready-made lessons, 3) Google Classroom, and 4) search engines. The overall suitability assessment revealed a high level of suitability and the highest level of possibility.

Development of Strategy Development Processes by Education Criteria for Performance Excellence (EdPEx) and ADLI: A Case Study of a Higher Education Institution in Nakhon Pathom Province

2023-09-06T20:59:39+07:00

This research studied the approach for developing strategy development process by using the Education Criteria for Performance Excellence (EdPEx) and ADLI (A-Approach, D-Deployment, L-Learning, and I-Integration) of a higher education institution in Nakhon Pathom Province. It was done by a qualitative research method using secondary data which consisted of Self-Assessment Report, Feedback Reports, and Thailand Quality Award Feedback Report. The results of the research showed that in Year 2018–2023, the mentioned higher education institution in Nakhon Pathom Province received the EdPEx assessment score in Category 2.1: Strategy Development in Band 3 (30 – 45%). Four Sub-categories; 2.1a(1): Strategic Planning Process, 2.1a(2): Innovation, 2.1a(3): Strategy Considerations, and 2.1a(4): Work System and Core Competency were given opportunity for improvements in the dimension of a lack of Approach of ADLI in overall requirement questions. However, the mentioned higher education institution in Nakhon Pathom Province had successfully changed opportunity for improvements of Sub-category 2.1a(1): Strategic Planning Process, 2.1a(3): Strategy Considerations, and 2.1a(4): Work System and Core Competency to strengths by using a gap closing plan. Only Sub-category 2.1a(2): Innovation still remained an opportunity for improvement in the dimension of a lack of Approach of ADLI.

Preliminary Study of the Effects of Weekly Cage Replacement on Guinea Pig Breeders’ Health: A Case Study of the National Laboratory Animal Center, Mahidol University, Thailand

2023-09-14T17:14:33+07:00

The aim of this study was to compare the effects of weekly cage changes (test group) and twice-weekly cage changes (control group) on the health of Mlac:DH guinea pig breeders and the total number of weaned animals throughout the course of the 15-month production cycle. The number of animals that died before weaning, the number of weaned animals throughout the production period, gross lesions from necropsies, histopathological changes, hematological parameters, and clinical chemistry values at 3, 6, 9, 12, and 15 months were recorded. The results showed that the two groups had no statistically significant differences in the number of animals that died before weaning and the number of weaned animals produced throughout the production period (P-values were 0.683 and 0.929). Necropsies and visible lesions were found to be minimally focal pododermatitis in all hind limbs in both the test and control groups after a rearing period of 9 months or longer. Ovarian cysts were found in both the test group and the control group after 12 months of rearing. Overview of histological results: mild pyogranulomatous was found in the lung in the test group: 1 animal at 6-months of rearing and 2 animals at a 9-month period. Mild inflammation and hepatic necrosis were observed in the control group (1 animal) at 6 months of rearing. These lung and hepatic abnormalities are presumed to be of individual incidence. The hematological and clinical chemistry values of the test and control groups at all rearing periods were consistent with those previously reported abroad, and in each parameter, the test group and the control group were not statistically different. However, since this study was a preliminary study, future research needs to gather data from the whole colony. Especially in terms of hematological and clinical chemistry, sex and age of the animal are associated.

Guidelines for Writing Health Articles to Publish on the Website

2023-02-09T11:02:05+07:00

“Guidelines for Writing Health Articles to publish on the website” is to explain guidelines and methods for health article writing to publish on the website: In this article, the author will discuss about the meaning, types and particularities of articles to publish on website including writing process consists of preparing health articles and the process of promoting health articles. It will provide examples and conclusion of writing as a guideline for creating high quality health articles for further dissemination.

Nurturing Global Citizenship and Personal Development through Field Trips: A Proposal Efficient Practical Design

2023-05-23T14:07:00+07:00

Field trips play a crucial role in enhancing learners' at all level of education by providing them with real-world experiences and challenging their beliefs. This article aims to present field study practices for educators and event organizers to nurture global citizenship and self-development through the design and management of field trips. Drawing upon existing literature, a six-step proposal for effective field trip practices is outlined. 1) Framework: Identify goals, objectives, and alignment of field trip activities with the curriculum. 2) Plan: Provide challenging learning experiences that are meaningful to learners. 3) Set actions: Create critical reflections by stimulating questioning. 4) Promoting learning: Raise awareness of cultural diversity. 5) Evaluation: Evaluate learning outcomes and give immediate feedback. 6) Reflection for development: Evaluate activities in all dimensions and develop effective guidelines. Implementation of these practices should address five important considerations. 1) Educational activities during field trips should be supportive, challenging, and meaningful to learners, with a clear action plan and systematic coordination among stakeholders. 2) Venues should be selected in line with the activities and curriculum, and effective guide leaders should be identified or developed. 3) A comprehensive learning experience should be prepared to engage all participants, challenging their previous experiences and allowing for the sharing of real-world experiences and reflection. 4) Participants should be encouraged to present their ideas and actively listen to their peers. 5) Project results should be evaluated, and the findings should inform the creation of effective practices for future field trips. Conclusion, field trips typically span 1-3 days and, when designed and executed effectively, can provide students with impressive, meaningful, and reflective real-world experiences. These experiences have the potential to nurture self-awareness, nurture global citizenship, and facilitate the personal development of learners.