Journal of MCU Peace Studies

Future Trends in Academic Service Demand: A Case Study of Mahidol University International College

2025-11-30T10:43:23+07:00

This academic article investigates the emerging trends in academic service demand by examining six years of empirical data (2019–2024) from Mahidol University International College (MUIC). The study is situated within a global context shaped by rapid technological transformation, digitalization, and the rise of artificial intelligence (AI), all of which have accelerated the shift toward a knowledge-based economy and lifelong learning. Quantitative findings reveal a consistent annual growth rate of 10–18 percent in training participation, particularly in programs related to digital competencies, management, leadership, cross-cultural communication, and sustainability. Qualitative analysis highlights learners’ demand for flexible, short-format, practice-oriented learning systems, along with increased interest in micro-credentials, microlearning, hybrid learning, and data-informed learning pathways.

Through synthesis of empirical evidence and international theoretical frameworks—including adult learning theory, automation theory, AI-driven labor transformation, and global lifelong learning models—the study proposes the MiLL Model: MUIC Integrated Lifelong Learning Model. The model comprises three interrelated pillars: (1) Learning Flexibility (offering personalized and accessible learning options); (2) Strategic Content (focusing on Future Skills and AI-Resilience); and (3) Organizational Alignment (ensuring relevance and labor-market linkage). Together, these components create a New Learning Ecosystem, positioning MUIC as a strategic hub for lifelong learning in Thailand.

The findings underscore the evolving role of universities—from traditional knowledge providers to strategic orchestrators of lifelong learning ecosystems—capable of developing AI-resilient human capital. The study contributes both academic insights and practical direction for higher education institutions in redesigning curricula, strengthening academic services, and advancing national human capital development in the digital era.

Security Intelligence in the Age of AI: Political Science Perspectives and Local Realities

2025-10-06T10:29:06+07:00

This academic article aims to present political science concepts to understand and apply security intelligence, particularly in politically and socially sensitive local areas. The analysis suggests that security intelligence is not limited to military dimensions or national sovereignty, but must also encompass human security, social justice, and a deep understanding of local power dynamics. In political science, intelligence is viewed as a crucial mechanism for the state to collect, analyze, and summarize information for policy decision-making at the local level. Intelligence faces challenges from power structures, political culture, and mistrustful relationships between the state and the people. This article emphasizes the need to integrate qualitative perspectives from political science into the intelligence process to ensure a realistic perception of the local situation, reduce misinterpretation, and foster trust between the state and the people. Understanding local political structures, political culture, and the role of local leaders is crucial in shaping the design and success of security intelligence. This article also analyzes new challenges in the era of artificial intelligence, viewing AI as both an opportunity to enhance big data analysis and a serious threat through information warfare and the creation of subtle disinformation. A political perspective suggests that the use of AI in intelligence must take into account state legitimacy, citizen rights, and issues of inequality. State intelligence therefore requires transparent and ethical oversight of AI technology to prevent embedded biases that could lead to discrimination or undermine local trust. Understanding these political dimensions is central to developing effective, equitable, and sustainable local security intelligence strategies that will contribute to strengthening national security overall.

Suspension of Enforcement of Administrative Rules or Orders and Temporary Injunction in the Administrative Court

2025-09-15T11:11:27+07:00

This research article examines the exercise of authority by the Administrative Court to issue measures or procedures for providing temporary relief prior to judgment. Section 66 of the Act on Establishment of Administrative Courts and Administrative Court Procedure, B.E. 2542 (1999), empowers the Court to prescribe temporary measures or procedures. These must follow the criteria and procedures set by the Regulations of the Plenary Meeting of Judges of the Supreme Administrative Court. Under Chapter 5 of the Regulations on Administrative Court Procedure, B.E. 2543 (2000), temporary pre-judgment measures are divided into two categories. The first is suspension of the enforcement of administrative rules or orders, which temporarily delays or halts enforcement. The second is temporary relief, in which the Court issues protective measures to alleviate harm to a petitioner before judgment. These measures also safeguard the petitioner’s interests during proceedings and ensure the enforceability of the eventual decision. Although both measures share similar objectives, they differ in details, criteria, and procedures.

Political Equanimity and the Emergence of a New Form of Political Awareness among Thai Youth

2025-10-28T12:33:48+07:00

This article analyzes the dynamics of political phenomena through the integration of Buddhist principles, particularly focusing on the Four Immeasurables, especially Upekkhā (equanimity). Upekkhā promotes a calm and composed mind, enabling individuals to remain unaffected by environmental provocations and social turbulence. It can be seen as a mental training to attain balance and serenity in all situations or a form of political indifference that leads to a new consciousness among Thai youth. By studying the historical state of Upekkhā where people exhibited political apathy, refrained from expressing opinions, or did not participate in political activities, including voting and following political news, the article suggests that such attitudes eventually evolved into a different form of political awakening. However, political indifference has both positive and negative aspects. It can serve as self-defense against conflict, but it may also cause political stagnation due to the lack of public support or political expression for important societal issues. Particularly among youth, indifference might be viewed as avoidance of social responsibility; conversely, it could also signal fear of conflict driven by political influencers.

The article further highlights that the new form of political engagement among Thai youth is characterized by active use of social media for mobilization, emphasis on diverse social issues, and the pursuit of participatory and decentralizing approaches to politics. Understanding these reasons may help relevant agencies or interested parties utilize the insights from this analysis to promote more effective political participation.

The Integration of Buddhist Principles and Metacoginitive Concepts to Enhance Learning Outcomes

2025-09-02T20:19:00+07:00

This academic article aims to explore the integration of core Buddhist principles related to learning and metacognitive theory, with the goal of cultivating awareness of one’s own thinking and enhancing self-awareness. Such integration fosters learners' ability to become mindful, self-regulated individuals capable of effective learning and achieving desired learning outcomes. The content of the article encompasses: (1) Buddhist principles and learning, including the study of the Four Paths of Accomplishment (Iddhipāda) and the factors leading to Right View (Sammā Diṭṭhi); (2) the definition and components of metacognition; (3) assessment and evaluation of learning outcomes for learner development; (4) learning processes that promote meaningful outcomes; (5) the relationship between the Four Paths of Accomplishment and metacognitive principles; (6) the cultivation of learning empowerment; (7) synthesis of knowledge and conceptual framework; and (8) conclusions and recommendations. The study reveals that the Four Paths of Accomplishment and the cultivation of Right View significantly enhance learners’ metacognitive abilities. This is achieved through mindful reflection on internal thoughts and emotions, enabling learners to consciously monitor and adjust their cognitive processes. Consequently, learners are empowered to improve their learning potential and achieve more effective educational outcomes.

Co-production in Rural Land Management: An Integrated Model for Collaboration of the Thai Community and the Public Sector

2025-08-21T10:30:16+07:00

This research article aims to analyze 1) the key components that contribute to co-production between civil society and government in the management of land tenure in Thailand, and 2) the appropriate co-production process for rural land and housing governance in the Thai context. This is a qualitative research study based on three case studies in the northern region of Thailand: Ban Klang (Phrae), Mae Tia–Mae Tae (Chiang Mai), and Bua Yai (Nan). The target population included community leaders, members of local land management networks, government officers, and representatives from civil society organizations. Data collection involved in-depth interviews, participatory observation, and document analysis. Data was analyzed using content analysis and descriptive interpretation based on a framework of co-production and collaborative governance theories.

The findings revealed the following results in accordance with the research objectives: 1) The success of co-production requires fundamental components on the part of community members, including (1) empowered co-producers with strong leadership and communication skills (2) positive attitudes towards collaboration with the state (3) cultural foundations such as local norms, shared trust, and informal institutions and (4) social capital and collective pressure resulting from land insecurity. 2) The appropriate co-production process in the rural Thai context consists of three essential steps (1) collaborative goal setting through community-led mapping and consensus building (2) negotiating mutual benefits between state and community actors by establishing flexible and adaptive agreements and (3) co-implementation mechanisms including local working groups, participatory monitoring, and platforms for joint review.

The study synthesizes an integrated co-production model that connects input factors, co-productive processes, and multi-dimensional outcomes. These outcomes include individual empowerment, strengthened community cohesion, and a shift in government roles from control to facilitation. The model offers an applicable framework for sustainable rural land governance through participatory and adaptive policy approaches.

A Developmental Model for Enhancing the Private Kindergarten Principals’ Leadership in the New Era in Shaanxi Province, People’s Republic of China

2025-09-09T09:28:06+07:00

This study aimed (1) to analyze the leadership needs of private kindergarten principals, (2) to develop a leadership enhancement model, (3) to implement the model, and (4) to evaluate the model in Shaanxi Province, People’s Republic of China. The research employed a mixed-methods design across four phases. In Phase 1, a quantitative survey was conducted with 285 teachers from 15 private kindergartens, and qualitative interviews were held with 12 stakeholders, including principals, teachers, and parents from award-winning kindergartens. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, priority needs index (PNI Modified), and content analysis. In Phase 2, the model was developed based on literature synthesis and expert validation from five specialists in early childhood leadership. Phase 3 implemented the model with six principals over a two-month period, with pre- and post-tests administered to measure leadership improvement. Phase 4 involved evaluation by seven experts in early childhood education and administration, using accuracy, propriety, feasibility, and utility as criteria.

The research results were found as follows: (1) The priority leadership needs identified were value and transformational leadership, followed by human and structural leadership. Communication, culture building, and idealized influence were highlighted as the most critical indicators requiring improvement. (2) The developed VHTS Model, integrating value, human, transformational, and structural leadership within the PDCA cycle, was validated as theoretically sound and practically applicable. (3) Implementation results showed that principals’ leadership scores increased significantly from pre-test to post-test, with an average improvement of 10.33 points, and participants reported higher confidence, deeper understanding, and satisfaction with the model. (4) Expert evaluations rated the model highly across all criteria, with accuracy scoring the highest, confirming its relevance, applicability, and contribution to leadership enhancement in private kindergartens.

Identity of the Rishis Identity of the Rishis and the Learning Process for Well-being in the Northeastern Society of Thailand

2025-07-24T13:33:47+07:00

The objectives of this research are to study 1) the identity and development of knowledge of Rishis in the Northeast, and 2) the process of learning about health care for the public. This research used qualitative methods by studying documents and collecting field data by surveys, interviews, observations, group discussions, and workshops. From a group of 60 person providing information, the analysis was based on the objectives and the results were presented in a descriptive analytical manner.

The research results were found that: 1) Rishis are the descendants of Brahman-Hinduism that was introduced along with Buddhism, as evidenced in both literature and stories. They lived in the peaceful forests, and later, when the forest area became smaller, they established monasteries to help the people. 2) They have adapted to the changes in modern society, playing the role of both spiritual and material developers to the people, including providing careers to farmers, which is considered beneficial to society. 1) Buddhism has meditation or methods to train the mind to be calm and free from defilements until the mind is not distracted all the time. It is a method to calm defilements. There are many methods of meditation that aim for happiness and the release of the mind to be free. 2) The application of meditation for health care, which has a variety of postures, including standing, walking, and sitting, makes one healthy and complete. It is an important exercise and relaxation, creates a sense of comfort, is a good state of mind, and reduces physical illnesses because one understands the reality of life, so there is no stress, which has a positive effect on physical and mental health. In conclusion, the results of this study can be used as a guideline for application in mental and physical health. They have adapted to the changes in modern society, playing the role of both spiritual and material developers to the people, including providing careers to farmers, which is considered beneficial to society.

How Educational Motivations Shape the Intention Among Chinese Lecturers to Pursue Graduate Studies in Thailand: The Impact of Language Proficiency

2025-09-18T23:39:20+07:00

This study investigates examines the role influence of educational motivations and language proficiency in shaping on Chinese lecturers’ intentions to study for pursue a graduate degree in Thailand. The research addresses the growing demand for international education among Chinese academics, particularly in Kunming, Yunnan Province, where studying abroad is viewed as a pathway to career advancement, academic development, and global exposure. Drawing on the Theory of Planned Behavior and Self-Efficacy Theory, the study argues that while educational motivations are crucial, language proficiency functions as a critical enabler that transforms motivation into concrete study decisions.

The study had four objectives: (1) to examine the influence of educational motivations on the intention to study in Thailand; (2) to assess the effect of educational motivations on language proficiency; (3) to analyze the impact of language proficiency on study intention; and (4) to evaluate the mediating role of language proficiency in this relationship. A quantitative design was employed, with data collected from 692 valid questionnaires distributed to lecturers in Kunming. The survey instrument, adapted from established scales, demonstrated high reliability. Data analysis involved confirmatory factor analysis, structural equation modeling, and mediation testing using bootstrap methods.

The findings revealed that: (1) educational motivations had a positive and significant direct effect on the intention to study graduate in Thailand; (2) educational motivations significantly enhanced language proficiency; (3) language proficiency directly predicted study intention; and (4) language proficiency partially mediated the relationship between educational motivations and study intention. These results highlight that although strong educational motivations are necessary, they are not sufficient unless reinforced by adequate language skills, which act as both a predictor and mediator of study intentions. The study contributes new theoretical insights by identifying language proficiency as a bridging mechanism that converts motivation into intention.

Development of a Thai Language Project-Based Learning Curriculum for Society to Enhance Coaching and Mentoring Competencies of Pre-Service Thai Language Teachers and Communication Competencies for Peaceful Coexistence among Gifted Students in Northern Thai Language

2025-09-08T13:34:24+07:00

This research article aimed to 1) develop and evaluate the quality of a Thai language project-based learning curriculum for society, and 2) examine the outcomes of implementing the Thai language project-based learning curriculum for society. The sample consisted of three groups: 33 pre-service Thai language teachers; 320 gifted students in Thai language from Northern Thailand; and 210 youth and community members in Northern Thailand who participated as target groups in the Thai language projects. The research instruments included questionnaires, curriculum, activity plans, quality assessment forms for curriculum and activity plans, assessments of coaching and mentoring competencies, assessments of Thai language communication competencies for peaceful coexistence, focus group discussion guides, and a satisfaction questionnaire. Data were analyzed using mean and standard deviation.

The research findings revealed the following: 1) The Thai language project-based learning curriculum for society was found to be of high quality. The curriculum process consisted of core components, including principles, objectives, learning activities, and measurement and evaluation. The learning activities were organized into six stages: (1) building relationships, (2) using the power of questioning, (3) providing information to stimulate learning, (4) hands-on practice, (5) assessment and feedback, and (6) reflection and lesson synthesis for further development. 2) The results of the curriculum implementation indicated that the coaching and mentoring competencies of pre-service Thai language teachers were at a high level. Additionally, the Thai language communication competencies for promoting peaceful coexistence among gifted Thai language students and the target groups participating in the Thai language projects were at the highest level.

The Development of a Professional Learning Community Model to Promote Active Learning Management of Teachers under the Secondary Educational Service Area Offices of Surat Thani and Chumphon

2025-09-22T09:01:12+07:00

This research article aimed at the following: 1) to examine the current conditions, expected conditions, and needs of the Professional Learning Community (PLC) in promoting active learning management among teachers under the Secondary Educational Service Area Office of Surat Thani and Chumphon; 2) to develop a PLC model to enhance teachers’ active learning management; and 3) to analyze the utility and feasibility of the developed model. The key informants consisted of nine experts for the evaluation of accuracy and appropriateness, and eleven experts for the assessment of utility and feasibility. This study employed a mixed-methods approach and was conducted in three phases. The participants included 184 teachers selected through stratified random sampling. The research instruments were a questionnaire and evaluation form, while the data were analyzed using content analysis, percentage, mean, standard deviation, and the Priority Needs Index (PNI).

The findings revealed that: (1) the current condition of the PLC was at a moderate level, while the needs for developing the PLC to promote active learning management were at the highest level; (2) the developed PLC model and its implementation manual consisted of five components: principles, objectives, elements, development procedures, and success factors. The model was found to have a high level of accuracy ( = 4.78, S.D. = 0.47) and propriety ( = 4.71, S.D. = 0.54); and (3) the evaluation results showed that the model had the highest level of feasibility ( = 4.78, S.D. = 0.47) and utility ( = 4.82, S.D. = 0.41).

A Study and Development of Guidelines for Transcribing and Interpreting Chinese Fortune Stick Texts: A Case Study of a Chinese Shrine in Saiburi District, Pattani

2025-12-01T11:08:49+07:00

This qualitative research aimed to: 1) study the literary characteristics and linguistic forms of Chinese Fortune Stick texts; 2) analyze language usage, artistic techniques, and moral meanings; and 3) develop guidelines for transcribing Classical Chinese Fortune Stick texts into modern Chinese and translating them into Thai. The methodology involved documentary research analyzing 60 original texts (circa 1968) from the Chifu Wangye Shrine, combined with in-depth interviews with 3 key informants.

The findings revealed that: 1) regarding literary characteristics, the fortune stick texts clearly adhere to classical Chinese literary traditions, with 58 texts (96.70%) following the 7-character quatrain structure, and 55 texts (91.70%) referencing Chinese literature and folklore to construct narrative frameworks; 2) in terms of content, the texts function as a "life manual" aimed at fostering "Psychological Resilience." The analysis indicated that 96.70% of the texts (58 leaves) emphasize the concept of "Human Agency" to encourage confidence in one’s own actions, coupled with an acceptance of "Waiting for Timing" (51.70%), "Fatalism" (40.00%), and "Karma" (20.00%); and 3) regarding guideline development, the new knowledge contribution is the synthesis of a "5-Aspect Guideline for Transcription and Interpretation," consisting of transcription, modern Chinese paraphrasing, Thai translation, linguistic polishing, and cultural application. This guideline serves as a concrete model for revitalizing endangered intellectual heritage in the contemporary social context.

The Relationship between Working Stress and Teaching Efficiencies of Teachers under the Secondary Educational Service Area Office Trang Krabi

2025-09-02T15:32:12+07:00

This study aimed to 1) examine the level of working stress among teachers,
2) investigate teachers’ teaching efficiency, 3) analyze the relationship between working stress and teaching efficiency, 4) predict teaching efficiency from working stress, and
5) explore problems and suggestions concerning working stress and teaching efficiency. The sample consisted of 331 teachers under the Secondary Educational Service Area Office Trang Krabi, selected using two-stage proportional stratified random sampling based on school size. Data were collected through a five-point Likert scale questionnaire. The data were analyzed using mean, standard deviation, Pearson’s correlation coefficient, multiple correlation analysis, and multiple regression analysis.

The findings indicated that: 1) teachers experienced a high level of working stress, with stress related to job characteristics ranked the highest; 2) teaching efficiency was rated at a very high level; 3) working stress illustrated no statistical significance relationship with teaching efficiency (r = –.041, p > .05); 4) components of working stress jointly elaborated 6.2% of the variance in teaching efficiency (Adjusted R² = .062), with standardized regression coefficients for job characteristics, workplace roles, workplace relationships, career achievement and advancement, and organizational structure of .342, –.269, –.047, –.025, and .063, respectively; and 5) Problems indicated that teachers have experienced stress from excessive non-teaching workloads, overlapping and urgent tasks, as well as issues of management and organizational relationships, all of which diminished instructional time and quality. Recommendations included reducing non-instructional tasks, respecting teachers’ personal time, improving administrative clarity and fairness, providing adequate support staff, and adopting digital technology to alleviate redundant paperwork.

Causal Factors Influencing the Success of Developing Chinese Learning Center of the Chinese Monastery

2025-08-30T19:41:04+07:00

This research article aims to study causal factors influencing the success of developing Chinese learning center of the Chinese monastery. This research employed a quantitative research methodology. The sample group consisted of 212 Buddhist monks and novices who were ordained and studying Chinese language in 19 Chinese Buddhist temples and Chinese monastic institutions. The sample size was determined using the criterion of 10 times the observed variables. The research instrument used were questionnaires. The statistical analysis employed structural equation modeling.

The research findings revealed that the causal factors influence the success of the developing Chinese Learning Center of the Chinese Monastery consisted of the participation of the people the most directly influenced by public participation, followed by organizational management, personnel competency, and budget, respectively. When considering total effects, the success of developing Chinese language learning centers received the greatest total influence from budget, followed by public participation, organizational management, and personnel competency, respectively.

Thai Wisdom in the Arrangement of Khan Mak in Traditional Wedding Ceremonies in the Central Region of Thailand

2025-08-30T13:44:07+07:00

This research aims to study the Thai wisdom of "khan mak" arrangement in wedding traditions of the central provinces. The population for this study was selected from residents in the 17 central provinces, which were divided into four provincial clusters. A quota sampling method was used, with an equal proportion of 10 participants selected from each of the four clusters, for a total of 40 participants. The research tools were a structured in-depth interview and content analysis, using a method of extracting and synthesizing qualitative data.

The research findings indicate that the tradition of "khan mak" arrangement in the central provinces has undergone significant changes from the past to the present. There is a tendency for it to become simpler, more concise, and more flexible to align with the modern lifestyle, economic conditions, and values of the younger generation. However, to ensure that the core essence, significance, and auspicious meaning of "khan mak" are preserved and passed on, it is necessary to rely on seven key components of the Thai wisdom of "khan mak" arrangement in wedding traditions of the central provinces. These components are: 1) Knowledge of "khan mak" arrangement in wedding traditions; 2) Beliefs and rituals related to "khan mak" arrangement in wedding traditions; 3) Selection of raw materials and equipment for "khan mak" arrangement in wedding traditions; 4) Steps and methods of "khan mak" arrangement in wedding traditions; 5) Styles of "khan mak" arrangement in wedding traditions; 6) Budget for "khan mak" arrangement in wedding traditions; and 7) Transmission and characteristics of knowledge transfer for "khan mak" arrangement from generation to generation.

Guidelines for Developing Digital-Age Learning Management Skills for Multigrade Teaching among Small-School Teachers

2025-09-15T18:49:51+07:00

This study article aimed to: 1) examine the components of digital-age learning management skills for multigrade teaching among teachers in small schools; and 2) explore guidelines for developing digital-age learning management skills for multigrade teaching among teachers in small schools. The research employed a descriptive research design conducted in two phases. The first phase involved synthesizing documents to identify the components of digital-age learning management skills for multigrade teaching. The second phase investigated development guidelines through the study of best practices in two model schools recognized for outstanding digital-age multigrade instruction. Key informants included school administrators and teachers from small primary schools with demonstrated best practices, selected through purposive sampling. The selected schools met the following criteria: 1) small primary schools implementing multigrade instruction with distinctive internal learning management; 2) recipients of the IQA Award; and 3) schools that actively promoted and supported teachers’ professional development in digital-age learning management skills. In addition, three experts with knowledge and experience in developing teachers’ digital-age learning management skills for multigrade teaching were interviewed: two university academics and one school principal or deputy principal, also selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected using structured interviews and analyzed through content analysis.

The findings revealed that: 1) the components of digital-age learning management skills for multigrade teaching among teachers in small schools comprised eight key skills, including curriculum development, learning activity design, learning activity implementation, learning assessment, multigrade classroom management, appropriate use of instructional media and technology for learners at different levels, and individual learner ability analysis; and 2) the guidelines for developing these digital-age learning management skills covered seven areas. For curriculum development, the focus was on building motivation, preparing strategic plans, supporting media and technology, and promoting professional learning communities (PLCs). For learning activity design, emphasis was placed on collaborative planning, workshops, and the development of learner-centered materials and lesson plans. For learning activity implementation, teacher skills were strengthened through training, classroom observation, and sharing of best practices. For assessment, diverse evaluation methods were encouraged through analysis, piloting of tools, and reflective practices. Multigrade classroom management emphasized motivational techniques and creating a positive learning environment. The use of media and technology focused on testing, improving, and integrating digital tools. Finally, individual learner analysis involved using data and multiple intelligences theory to support appropriate and personalized learning.

The Future Scenarios for Driving Education to Promote Soft Power in Uttaradit Provincial Education Office

2025-08-30T20:23:41+07:00

This research article aimed to examine the future scenarios for advancing education to promote soft power in the Uttaradit Provincial Education Office. The study employed a futures research approach using the EDFR (Ethnographic Delphi Futures Research) technique. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and expert opinion questionnaires from 17 purposively selected participants. Quantitative data were analyzed using statistics, including median, mode, and interquartile range, while qualitative data from the interviews were presented narratively.

The research findings revealed that the future scenarios for advancing education to promote soft power in Uttaradit Provincial Education Office comprise four aspects: 1) the characteristics of future educational advancement promoting soft power, 2) cultural components, 3) political value components, and 4) state policy components. These scenarios are both of feasibility and utility for Uttaradit Provincial Education Office.

Happiness among the Elderly and Retirement Planning: An Analytical, Appreciative and Applicative Study

2025-09-15T17:35:05+07:00

This research article aimed to analyze, critically examine, and interpret the happiness of the elderly in relation to retirement planning. The study was qualitative in nature and primarily involved document-based research. It followed a philosophical methodology, including dialectical reasoning and the exchange of viewpoints between two perspectives: the researcher, who argued that the concept of elderly happiness according to post-moderate philosophical approaches is suitable for promoting retirement planning, and the opposing view, which maintained that the concept of elderly happiness under alternative new-age paradigms is more appropriate for supporting retirement planning.

The research findings revealed that the opposing perspective argued that retirement planning requires quantifying the happiness of the elderly in clear numerical and financial terms, which would allow for the most accurate preparation of retirement budgets. The researcher critiqued this argument, noting its weaknesses: elderly happiness is multidimensional and cannot be fully captured through quantitative data or financial figures. Moreover, budget numbers are merely outcomes based on assumptions used for retirement planning. Based on this critique, the researchers supported their position, arguing that enhancing the quality of life and happiness of the elderly is an instinctive will, and that each individual’s happiness is unique to their own life experience. This approach leads to retirement budgeting that avoids excessive financial targets and results in more precise, individualized financial planning. Therefore, the concept of elderly happiness according to post-moderate philosophical approaches is considered suitable for promoting effective retirement planning.

Best Practices in Supervision through a Research-Based Process for Developing the Learning Management Competencies of Secondary School Science Teachers

2025-08-26T11:04:08+07:00

This research article aimed at the following objectives: 1) to examine the supervision practices of educational supervisors and the learning management practices of secondary school science teachers; and 2) to explore best practices in supervision through research processes. Using a mixed-methods approach, this research was divided into two phases. Phase 1 investigated the current state of educational supervision and the instructional practices of secondary school science teachers, utilizing a sample of 44 supervisors and 400 science teachers obtained through multi-stage random sampling. Data were collected using two sets of questionnaires: one focused on supervisory conditions and the other on classroom instruction. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, including mean, percentage, and standard deviation. Phase 2 explored best practices in research-based supervision through a focus group discussion with six purposively selected supervisors recognized for their excellence. These collected data were analyzed by content analysis.

The research findings revealed that the current state of educational supervision and the instructional practices of secondary school science teachers were at a high level, with supervisors playing a crucial role in utilizing research-based supervision to foster positive teacher attitudes and promote active learning. Furthermore, the best practices for supervision through action research were identified as the SPAOR cycle, consisting of Survey, Plan, Action, Observe, and Reflect, which served as an effective framework for professional development. This approach enhanced the pedagogical competencies of science teachers, specifically in curriculum analysis, lesson planning, instructional methodology, and the integration of technology, thereby ensuring high-quality instruction that directly contributed to student development.

The Development of Learning Activities Using the Cooperative Integrated Reading and Composition (CIRC) Technique to Enhance Reading Comprehension Skills of Grade 1 Students

2025-08-31T11:45:50+07:00

The objectives of this research article were to: 1) develop learning activities using the Cooperative Integrated Reading and Composition (CIRC) technique to enhance the reading comprehension skills of Grade 1 students; 2) compare the learning achievement of Grade 1 students before and after participating in the CIRC-based learning activities; and 3) study student satisfaction with the implemented activities. The sample consisted of 24 Grade 1 students from Anuban Sawang Wirawong School, Sawang Wirawong District, Ubon Ratchathani Province, during the second semester of the 2024 academic year, who were obtained through cluster random sampling. The research instruments included 15 lesson plans totaling 15 hours, a reading comprehension achievement test, and a satisfaction questionnaire. Data were analyzed using mean, percentage, standard deviation, and a t-test for dependent samples.

The research findings revealed that: 1) the development of the 15-hour CIRC-based learning activities was of the highest propriety, with a mean score of 4.92 (S.D. = 0.13) and an Index of Item-Objective Congruence (IOC) ranging from 0.80 to 1.00; 2) the students' post-test learning achievement was significantly higher than their pre-test scores at the .05 level; and 3) the satisfaction toward these learning activities was at a high level ( = 2.85, S.D. = 0.35). This high level of satisfaction was attributed to the diverse activities and hands-on experiences, integrated with teaching media that allowed students to read, write, and learn through games and classroom competitions. Such cooperation required every group member to be enthusiastic and responsible for their assigned roles, fostering self-worth and mutual appreciation for collective success. Furthermore, the use of varied assessment methods and reflection (between teacher and students, as well as peer-to-peer) allowed learners to monitor their progress and improve in subsequent activities.

Integrated Marketing Communication Strategies to Enhance Distribution Channel Efficiency for Community Enterprises

2025-10-29T13:17:51+07:00

The objectives of this research article were to: 1) study the problems faced by community enterprises; 2) investigate integrated marketing communication (IMC) strategies to enhance the efficiency of distribution channels for products and services; and 3) explore guidelines for promoting the distribution of community enterprise products and services. This study employed a mixed-methods research design. The sample consisted of a total of 355 participants, including 140 community enterprise entrepreneurs, 210 consumers who had previously purchased products, and 5 key informants. Data were collected using questionnaires and interviews, then analyzed using percentages, mean, standard deviations, and content analysis.

The research findings revealed that: 1) the operational problems faced by community enterprises were overall at a high level ( = 3.75). All ten specific aspects were also rated at a high level, led by management ( = 3.89), followed by production ( = 3.86), pricing ( = 3.82), distribution ( = 3.81), product development ( = 3.75), business management, finance, and marketing ( = 3.68), human resources ( = 3.67), and technology and innovation ( = 3.65); 2) integrated marketing communication (IMC) strategies to enhance distribution channel efficiency were overall at a high level ( = 4.08), consisting of advertising ( = 4.10), personal selling ( = 4.08), sales promotion ( = 4.08), direct marketing ( = 4.08), and public relations ( = 4.04); and 3) guidelines for developing integrated marketing communication strategies to enhance the distribution channels of products and services. The approach involved creating a business strategy plan using the Business Model Canvas (BMC) and promoting knowledge and skills to help members of community enterprises independently expand their distribution channels through digital marketing. This includes providing policy recommendations to relevant public and private organizations to further drive and support community enterprise groups.

The Development of a School Administration Model in the Digital Era for Administrators of Sarasas Affiliated Schools

2025-11-03T09:38:01+07:00

The objectives of this research were: (1) to study the components of the digital-era school administration model for Sarasas-affiliated schools, and (2) to develop a school administration model in the digital era for school administrators within the Sarasas network. The key informants consisted of nine experts. The research instrument was an interview form, and data were analyzed using content analysis.

The findings revealed that: (1) the components of digital-era school administration for Sarasas school administrators comprised seven aspects-namely, vision and policy, digital infrastructure, teaching and learning management, personnel and teacher competencies, participation and communication, management and quality assurance, and digital ethics and safety; and (2) the developed school administration model in the digital era for Sarasas school administrators consisted of principles, objectives, administrative components, development process, evaluation of implementation, and conditions for success.

Romantic Paintings Reflecting German Social Institutions from 1840 to 1880

2025-09-23T23:52:06+07:00

This research article aimed to investigate the details, symbols, and meanings of Romantic paintings produced between 1840 and 1880, establishing a connection between significant German historical events and social institutions. Utilizing Karl Nieys’ framework, the study examined four key institutional dimensions: politics, economy, religion, and society. The methodology involved a semiotic analysis of nine selected artworks by five artists, categorizing primary and secondary signs within each piece to map their relationship to the specific institutional dimensions of the era.

The findings revealed that the classification of signs systematically illustrates the link between artistic symbolism and social institutions. Romantic paintings from this period reflect the social dynamics and institutional transformations of German society across political, economic, religious, and social spheres. The study demonstrates that symbols within a single artwork can intersect with multiple institutional dimensions, positioning painting as a medium that connects the artist to contemporary society and history. Karl Nieys’ framework confirms the complex relationship between signs and institutions, reflecting the socio-political shifts of 19th-century Germany. Consequently, these Romantic works serve as institutional semiotic spaces that do not merely depict nature or emotion, but actively record and critique the social structures and complexities that played a pivotal role in the formation of the modern nation-state.

Social Media and Marketing Mix (7Ps) Affecting Decision-Making on Using the Service Beauty Clinic in Chonburi Province

2025-08-21T10:37:07+07:00

The objectives of the research article were: 1) to examine the relationship between social media and the marketing mix (7Ps) and the decision-making in using aesthetic clinic services among customers in Chonburi Province; and 2) to construct a predictive equation for decision-making in using aesthetic clinic services among customers in Chonburi Province. This study employed a survey research design. The research instrument was a questionnaire with a reliability coefficient of 0.986. The sample comprised 400 customers who had used aesthetic clinic services in Mueang Chonburi District within the past year, selected through purposive sampling. The sample size was determined using Yamane’s formula at a 95% confidence level. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics (Frequency, Percentage, Mean, and Standard Deviation), Pearson’s correlation coefficient, and stepwise multiple regression analysis.

The research results revealed that: 1) Social media and the marketing mix (7Ps) had a positive relationship with the decision-making to use a beauty clinic in Chonburi Province, with statistical significance at the 0.01 level. Product had the highest positive relationship (r = .737), and personnel had the lowest positive relationship (r = .372). 2) Product, social media, physical, price, and promotion variables were able to predict 63.80% (R² = .638) of the decision-making to use a beauty clinic in Chonburi Province, with statistical significance at the 0.01 level. The equation for predicting the decision to use a beauty clinic in Chonburi Province was as follows:

Raw Score regression equation

= 0.214+0.476 (product) + 0.191(social media) + 0.220 (Physical) + 0.177 (Price) − 0.112 (promotion)

Standardized Regression Equation

= 0.498 (product) + 0.173 (social media) + 0.215 (Physical) + 0.161 (Price) − 0.104 (promotion)

Guidelines for Leadership Development to Enhance and Increase Social Opportunities for the People of Trakan Phuet Phon District, Ubon Ratchathani Province

2025-10-08T12:36:34+07:00

The objectives of this research article were to: 1) study leadership development for enhancing and increasing social opportunities for the people of Trakan Phuet Phon District, Ubon Ratchathani Province; and 2) propose guidelines for such development. The study employed an Explanatory Sequential Mixed Methods design. In the first phase, a quantitative study was conducted with a sample of 398 representatives from the public, private, and civil society sectors, as well as community leaders across 23 sub-districts. The sample size was determined by Yamane’s formula (e = 0.05, 95% confidence level) and selected through stratified random sampling. The research instrument was a 5-point Likert scale questionnaire with an average Item-Objective Congruence (IOC) of 0.89 and Cronbach’s alpha reliability coefficients ranging from 0.84 to 0.92 across dimensions. The second phase involved qualitative research using in-depth interviews and focus groups with 25 purposively selected key informants, followed by content analysis. The findings revealed that overall leadership was at a high level ( = 4.38, S.D. = 0.54), with the communication dimension scoring highest ( = 4.46, S.D. = 0.51), followed by problem-solving ( = 4.40, S.D. = 0.51), and analytical and creative thinking ( = 4.39, S.D. = 0.52). Policy conclusions recommend enhancing community leaders' potential through training in communication skills, network building, and local innovation to improve the quality of life and achieve sustainable social equality.

The Development of a School Management Model toward an Innovative Organization to Enhance Educational Quality in Secondary Schools under Chaiyaphum Secondary Educational Service Area Office

2025-08-21T10:21:00+07:00

This research article aimed to: 1) examine the current conditions, desirable conditions, priority needs, and development guidelines for school administration toward becoming innovative organizations to improve educational quality under Chaiyaphum Secondary Educational Service Area Office. The informants consisted of nine experts, while the sample included 91 school administrators selected through stratified random sampling, and three administrators who participated in interviews; 2) develop and validate a school management model for transforming schools into innovative organizations, with nine experts serving as informants; 3) implement the developed model with 20 volunteer school administrators; and 4) evaluate the model with the same group of 20 administrators. The research instruments included: 1) a suitability questionnaire for components, 2) a questionnaire on current and desirable conditions, 3) an interview form, 4) expert seminar issues, 5) a feasibility questionnaire, 6) a test, 7) a behavioral observation form, 8) a suitability and utility questionnaire, and 9) a satisfaction questionnaire. The statistical methods used were percentage, mean, standard deviation, priority needs index, and relative gain scores.

The research findings revealed that: 1) both the current and desirable conditions were at a high level, with the highest priority need being shared vision and goals; 2) the developed model consisted of five components: (1) principles, concepts, and objectives, (2) components/operational procedures, (3) implementation guidelines, (4) evaluation, and (5) conditions for success. The feasibility of the model was evaluated at the highest level; 3) the results of the model implementation showed that the target group achieved an average relative gain score of 76.76, indicating a very high level of development; and 4) the overall evaluation of the model indicated that its propriety and utility were at the highest level, and participant satisfaction was also at the highest level.

A Program to Enhance Teachers’ Instructional Management Skills to Promote Students’ Critical Thinking Skills under the Office of the Basic Education Commission

2025-03-27T12:23:03+07:00

This research and development study aimed to: 1) investigate baseline information for developing a program to enhance teachers’ instructional management skills to promote students’ critical thinking skills under the Office of the Basic Education Commission; 2) develop and validate the program; 3) implement the program; and 4) evaluate the program. The research process was divided into four phases. First, baseline data were examined: the sample for studying the current and desirable conditions consisted of 395 teachers selected through stratified random sampling, and three experts were purposively selected to provide information on guidelines for program development. Second, the program was developed and validated by nine purposively selected experts. Third, the program was implemented with a target group of 25 volunteer teachers. Fourth, the program was evaluated by 25 purposively selected teachers. The research instruments included a suitability questionnaire, a current-condition questionnaire with a reliability coefficient of 0.90, a desirable-condition questionnaire with a reliability coefficient of 0.92, interview forms, expert seminar issues, a feasibility questionnaire, tests, a behavioral questionnaire, a questionnaire on propriety and utility, and a satisfaction questionnaire. The statistics used for data analysis were percentage, mean, standard deviation, and priority needs index.

The research findings revealed that: 1) the results of the baseline study indicated that the current condition was at a moderate level, while the desirable condition was at the highest level, and the highest priority need was situation presentation; 2) the development and validation of the teacher skill enhancement program for instructional management to promote students’ critical thinking skills under the Office of the Basic Education Commission resulted in a program consisting of five components: (2.1) principles, (2.2) objectives, (2.3) content, (2.4) development methods, and (2.5) evaluation guidelines, and its feasibility was rated at the highest level; 3) the target group achieved a relative gain score of 74.12, indicating a high level of development, and their post-development behaviors were higher than those before the development; and 4) the overall evaluation of the program showed that its propriety and utility were at the highest level, and participant satisfaction was also at the highest level.

Formulating Participatory Development Model Approaches to Propel the Community-Driven Plan in Bang Phasi Sub-District, Bang Len District, Nakhon Pathom Province

2025-10-03T11:58:59+07:00

This research article focused on three core objectives: 1) identifying key factors that influence public involvement in advancing the local development plan; 2) designing a participatory approach to guide the local development plan; and 3) formulating a framework for engaging the public in propelling the local development plan within Bang Phasi Subdistrict, Bang Len District, Nakhon Pathom Province. Conducted as a qualitative study, it gathered insights from 20 key informants, all of whom played active roles in the local development planning process within the area. The research utilized document analysis alongside content analysis for interpreting the data.

The findings reveal the following: 1. Factors impacting public involvement in Bang Phasi Subdistrict include a solid understanding of the planning process to enable thoughtful feedback, a strong sense of civic duty and collective responsibility, backing from governmental and community entities to encourage inclusive contributions, community networks and leadership fostering collaboration, and the use of technological communication platforms to support information sharing and broaden participation opportunities. 2. Building engagement in driving the local development plan begins with fostering awareness and knowledge through accessible channels of communication, then extends to creating spaces where people can voice their opinions through community fora or interviews. Next, organizing and analyzing the collected data is followed by prioritizing issues and developing responsive plans, culminating in the implementation of monitoring, evaluation, and iterative updates aimed at ensuring transparency and sustainability. 3. Key participation-driving activities include conducting training programs and workshops to cultivate understanding of the plan and citizens’ roles, facilitating community discussions and focus groups to gather diverse perspectives, and establishing participatory committees for ongoing oversight of the development plan, ensuring both transparency and impactful outcomes.

The Buddhist Methods for Resolving Crematorium Management Issues at Wat Sarod, Bangkok

2025-09-09T20:03:09+07:00

This research aims to study the application of Buddhist peaceful means in addressing the problems of crematorium management at Wat Sarot, Bangkok. It is a qualitative study, using in-depth interviews with 7 key informants and focus group discussions with 20 monks and laypeople. Data collection was conducted through interview guides, and content analysis was used to interpret the findings.

The results revealed 1) The general conditions of crematorium management at Wat Sarot include a functional funeral pavilion, restrooms, and parking spaces. The crematorium is surrounded by residential communities and a school. Its layout is organized for easy navigation and accessible via Google Maps. Basic facilities are available, including staff on duty, green areas with large trees, and designated waiting areas. Pollution control is conducted at least twice a year. Funeral rites adhere to religious and traditional customs. The cost of funeral services ranges from 20,000 to 30,000 baht; 2) Problems and obstacles include insufficient space for cremation services, the central urban location limiting expansion, difficult access, narrow entrance roads, inadequate signage, limited restrooms, and insufficient parking; and 3) Buddhist peaceful means applied to address these challenges include: It is possible to appropriately apply the Principles of Sārāniyadhamma. For example, providing uniforms for employees to ensure orderliness, speaking politely to visitors, cultivating a volunteer spirit to help the temple and local residents, supporting the use of wreaths that can be repurposed for practical benefit, establishing formal regulations, and holding regular monthly meetings.

A Model for Developing Teacher Leadership in Learning Management for the New Normal Era at Lower Secondary Sangha Schools in Savannakhet Province, Lao People’s Democratic Republic

2025-08-30T13:05:33+07:00

The objectives of this research article were to: 1) study the components and priority needs of teacher leadership in learning management for the New Normal era; 2) construct and develop a model for developing teacher leadership in learning management for the New Normal era; 3) implement the developed teacher leadership development model; and 4) evaluate the effectiveness of the model. The study employed a Research and Development (R&D) methodology divided into four phases. Phase 1 involved studying components and priority needs. Phase 2 focused on constructing and developing the model. Phase 3 consisted of the model implementation. Phase 4 examined the effectiveness of the model. The research instruments included interview forms, questionnaires on teacher leadership in New Normal learning management, and evaluation forms for teacher leadership in New Normal learning management. The collected data were analyzed using frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation.

From the study, the following results were found: 1) The findings regarding current conditions revealed that, overall, they were at a moderate level, while desirable conditions were at the highest level. The components were ranked by their priority needs index from highest to lowest as follows: (1) self-development and peer teacher development, (2) change leadership, (3) personality suitable for the teaching profession, (4) potential in technology utilization, (5) curriculum development and learning management, and (6) professional teaching, respectively. 2) The developed model for teacher leadership development in learning management for the New Normal era at lower secondary Sangha schools in Savannakhet Province, Lao People’s Democratic Republic, consisted of principles, objectives, content, development processes, media and learning resources, and measurement and evaluation. The evaluation of the model’s propriety showed that it was at the highest level overall. 3) The results of implementing the teacher leadership development model in learning management for the New Normal era at lower secondary Sangha schools in Savannakhet Province, Lao People’s Democratic Republic, indicated that teacher leadership in learning management for the New Normal era reached the highest level overall after the training. Additionally, the satisfaction level of the workshop participants was at the highest level. 4) The study on the effectiveness of the teacher leadership development model in learning management for the New Normal era at lower secondary Sangha schools in Savannakhet Province, Lao People’s Democratic Republic, through practical application and the use of Professional Learning Communities (PLC), revealed that teacher leadership in learning management for the New Normal era showed continuous improvement, with a progress percentage of 67.76.

Reconciliatory Community: Mechanisms for Driving Cooperation in Conflict Resolution through Community Justice under the Dispute Mediation Act, B.E. 2562 via Community Charters in Udon Thani Province

2025-10-16T16:12:25+07:00

The objectives of this research article were to: 1) manage knowledge according to legal provisions regarding conflict resolution through community justice under the Dispute Mediation Act, B.E. 2562, 2) create a participatory draft of a community charter for conflict resolution through community justice under the Dispute Mediation Act, B.E. 2562, in Udon Thani Province, and 3) transfer collaborative mechanisms for conflict resolution through community justice under the Dispute Mediation Act, B.E. 2562, via community charters. This study employed a mixed-methods research design. The quantitative data were collected through questionnaires, while the qualitative data were gathered through in-depth interviews and focus group discussions. Content analysis was used for data evaluation.

From the study, the following results were found: 1) People's dispute mediation centers were able to reduce interpersonal conflicts, lower expenses, and decrease the volume of court cases. The community justice centers and community charters served as mechanisms for driving cooperation to reduce conflicts within the community, with an evaluation mean score of = 3.72 (74.45%) and a standard deviation of S.D. = 1.11, interpreted at a high level. This reflects that the community held a positive view toward utilizing community charters as a mechanism for driving local dispute mediation; 2) the draft community charter functioned as a collaborative mechanism for resolving conflicts through community justice, thereby reducing disputes and fostering reconciliation. The transfer of these collaborative mechanisms was conducted through a participatory approach based on the authority of Sections 26 and 43 (1) of the Constitution of the Kingdom of Thailand. This resulted in a draft community charter for conflict resolution that aligned with the Judiciary's policy, which aimed to reduce t the number of cases entering the judicial system by promoting mediation in both criminal and civil disputes.

The Participatory Process in Developing a Drinking Water Production System to Promote Peace at Wat Sarod, Bangkok

2025-09-15T11:17:55+07:00

This research article employed a qualitative study using Ariyasacca research model with a nine-step process. The study aimed to: 1) investigate and analyze the context, problems, causes, impacts, priority needs, and relevant theoretical concepts regarding the participatory process in developing a drinking water production system to promote community peace; 2) develop a participatory process for the development of a drinking water production system to enhance community peace; and 3) present the outcomes of the participatory process in developing the drinking water production system to promote community peace at Wat Sarod, Bangkok. Key informants included monks and novices at Wat Sarod, community committee members, local leaders, representatives of relevant agencies, and local residents, totaling 35 participants. Data were analyzed using descriptive methods.

The research findings revealed that: 1) the community faced a shortage of quality drinking water. Although tap water was available in sufficient quantity, it was unsuitable for consumption due to hardness and contamination. This forced residents to rely on purchased or donated water, which was inconsistent and increased household expenses, negatively affecting health and equitable access to clean water. The area’s strength lay in the strong relationship between the temple and the community, but limitations existed in terms of personnel, knowledge, and budget; 2) The development of the drinking water system integrated the Noble Eightfold Path with modern scientific knowledge, resulting in the WISDOM Model, which encompassed six components. They are: Water, Introduction, Service, Drink, Output, and Management. The community participated throughout the process, from problem analysis and system design to implementation and monitoring; and 3) Wat Sarod’s community developed a high-quality, standardized, and continuously monitored drinking water system. The focus was on a sense of shared ownership, strengthening unity and temple–community relationships, reducing household and temple water expenses, and improving both physical and mental well-being. The project also developed volunteer networks and local knowledge, enabling the community to manage the system independently. This model became a sustainable community water management model that could be replicated in other areas. A key innovation was the “Sixfold Participation” approach (co-seeing, co-working, co-communicating, co-caring, co-giving, co-being), which integrated Buddhist principles with an inclusive water management process. The WISDOM Model effectively enhanced drinking water quality, promoted peace, unity, and social capital in Wat Sarod community, and served as a self-monitored and self-managed water resource management model.

Guidelines for Implementing the Medical Cannabis Liberalization Policy in Chiang Mai Province

2025-09-13T18:01:07+07:00

This research article aimed to present guidelines for the effective implementation of the medical cannabis liberalization policy in Chiang Mai Province. The study employed qualitative research and conducted in-depth interviews with key informants, including: 1) the Director-General of the Department of Thai Traditional and Alternative Medicine, 2) the Inspector of the Ministry of Public Health, Health Region 11, 3) the Director of Chiang Mai Provincial Public Health Office, and 4) the directors of hospitals providing cannabis clinics, totaling four participants. Data were analyzed using content analysis.

The findings revealed that effective implementation of the medical cannabis liberalization policy in Chiang Mai required: 1) creating accurate understanding of medical cannabis among healthcare personnel and the general public; 2) developing and training healthcare personnel to ensure safe and effective use of medical cannabis; 3) establishing a Center of Excellence for Medical Cannabis in Chiang Mai to provide consultation to hospitals and clinics; 4) developing an integrated medical cannabis database across hospitals, clinics, and health networks; 5) improving fair and appropriate access to medical cannabis; 6) fostering collaboration with the private sector for the production and supply of high-quality, standardized medical cannabis; 7) continuously monitoring and evaluating policy implementation; 8) conducting research on the policy’s impact on public health, safety, and social conditions; 9) integrating medical cannabis with Thai traditional medicine; and 10) creating collaborative networks among relevant agencies.

Guidelines for Tourism Management in Secondary Cities to Promote Sustainable Tourism in Chiang Rai Province

2025-09-13T17:52:11+07:00

This research article aimed to propose guidelines for tourism management in secondary cities to promote sustainable tourism in Chiang Rai Province. The study employed qualitative research methods, conducting in-depth interviews with five key informants. They were: 1) the Governor of Chiang Rai Province or a representative; 2) the Director of the Chiang Rai Tourism Office; 3) the President of the Chiang Rai Provincial Administrative Organization; 4) executives or academics from the Organization for the Development of Special Areas for Sustainable Tourism (Public Organization); and 5) representatives of Chiang Rai tourism operators. Additionally, focus group discussions were held with 30 stakeholders involved in secondary city tourism management, including university lecturers, local residents, and entrepreneurs, divided into three groups of ten participants each. Data were analyzed using content analysis.

The findings indicated that sustainable tourism development in Chiang Rai should begin with the establishment of an integrated management committee to formulate policies, plan, and monitor implementation collaboratively. An information system for decision-making and comprehensive evaluation standards should support this. Regarding natural resources, the guidelines recommend setting tourism carrying capacities, developing area-specific plans, promoting ecotourism, managing pollution systematically, and restoring degraded areas. Community development should focus on enhancing skills and knowledge, and promoting tourism that reflects local culture. In terms of the economy and market, the focus should be on developing value chains, supporting community tourism businesses, and promoting local brands. For infrastructure and personnel, recommendations include creating an environment conducive to sustainable tourism, developing staff and tour guides, and providing lifelong learning opportunities.

Development of Cultural Tourism Management Model Based on the Concept of Digital Tourism to Promote Intangible Cultural Heritage Suphanburi Province

2026-01-14T18:42:27+07:00

This research aims to 1) examine the readiness of implementing technology in tourism management and promoting cultural heritage wisdom, 2) study guidelines for developing digital tourism with emphasis on communities that preserve cultural heritage wisdom in Suphan Buri Province, and 3) propose a digital tourism management model. The research employed qualitative research methodology. The study area was Ban Laem Community, Bang Pla Ma District, Suphan Buri Province. Key informants included 30 individuals from the community and tourism network partners in the province, selected through purposive sampling. Data collection tools included interviews with 10 key informants and focus group discussions with 20 key informants.

Research findings, regarding objective 1) The community has readiness in terms of tourist attractions and cultural tourism promotion activities. However, there is still a lack of capability in utilizing technology to promote cultural tourism, presenting community identity, and existing digital media lacks completeness in communicating cultural values. Regarding objective 2) Guidelines for developing digital tourism emphasizing communities that preserve cultural heritage wisdom in Suphan Buri Province should include development in 5 areas: developing information focused on community tourism communication, establishing online platforms emphasizing tourism experience promotion, developing digital media presenting cultural value highlights, developing digital tourism markets, and developing digital technology skills for community communication. Regarding objective 3) Digital tourism management models should include 4 management approaches: developing technology systems supporting tourist needs, developing digital media supporting connections between communities and visitors, developing digital technology emphasizing intelligent interaction, and developing technology supporting co-creation of travel experiences with tourists.

Driving Phra Pathom Witthayalai 2 Luang Phor Ngern Anusorn School Toward a Happy School Model

2025-08-26T23:55:32+07:00

The objectives of this research article were: 1) to analyze factors affecting the drive toward a Happy School at Phra Pathom Witthayalai 2 Luang Phor Ngern Anusorn School; 2) to compare the performance of the Happy School initiative between Phra Pathom Witthayalai 2 Luang Phor Ngern Anusorn School and medium-sized schools under the Secondary Educational Service Area Office Ratchaburi; and 3) to study the success of driving Phra Pathom Witthayalai 2 Luang Phor Ngern Anusorn School toward becoming a Happy School. The study employed a mixed-method research design including both qualitative and quantitative approaches. Key informants included: 1) 30 teachers from Phra Pathom Witthayalai 2 Luang Phor Ngern Anusorn School for the 2024 academic year; 2) 60 parents of students for the 2024 academic year; and 3) 15 members of the Basic School Board. The informants for the performance comparison included 30 teachers and 15 school board members from medium-sized secondary schools under the Secondary Educational Service Area Office Ratchaburi, selected through purposive sampling.

The research findings revealed that the factors influencing affecting the drive toward a Happy School at Phra Pathom Witthayalai 2 Luang Pho Ngern Anuson School included personal factors (6 factors, overall high, = 4.37), process factors (7 factors, overall highest, = 4.59), and environmental factors (7 factors, overall highest, = 4.63). Participation of staff and stakeholders in driving the Happiness School was overall at the highest level ( = 4.51), while leadership in managing the project was rated high ( = 4.48). A comparison with a regular medium-sized school under Ratchaburi Secondary Educational Service Area Office showed that Phra Pathom Witthayalai 2 performed better in implementing the Happiness School. The project’s success was reflected in students being happy and motivated to learn, teachers experiencing job satisfaction, and a clean, shaded, and pleasant school environment, all of which contributed to higher student academic achievement.

A Study of The Current Situations, Needs Assessment for Sustainable School Development to Enhance Student Competency According to the Royal Guidelines for Agricultural Civilization under the Office of the Basic Education Commission

2025-09-13T08:44:22+07:00

This research article aims to 1) study the current and desired conditions for developing sustainable educational institutions to enhance student competency in accordance with the Royal Guidelines for Agricultural Civilization under the Office of the Basic Education Commission, 2) assess the needs for developing sustainable educational institutions to enhance student competency in accordance with the Royal Guidelines for Agricultural Civilization under the Office of the Basic Education Commission, and 3) study guidelines for developing sustainable educational institutions to enhance student competency in accordance with the Royal Guidelines for Agricultural Civilization under the Office of the Basic Education Commission. The analysis is based on a matrix and is a survey research study to assess needs, covering all 6 components: administration and management, stakeholders, participation, evaluation, personnel development, and curriculum and learning development. The target group was selected using a purposive sampling method, specifically educational institutions participating in the Royal Guidelines for Agricultural Civilization project: continuing, maintaining, extension related to the royal view in an economic sufficiency based on "Kok Nong Na of Kindness and Hope," under the Office of the Basic Education Commission, in the 2021 academic year, totaling 102 institutions, including 102 school administrators and 102 core agricultural civilization teachers, for a total of 204 people. The research instrument was a questionnaire on the current and desired conditions for developing sustainable educational institutions to enhance student competency in accordance with the Royal Guidelines for Agricultural Civilization. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. With percentages, frequencies, means, standard deviations, priority ranking indices for needs, and matrix analysis.

The research findings indicate that 1) the overall results of the study on the current and desired states of sustainable school development are at a high level for both the current state ( = 3.61) and the desired state ( = 4.21). 2) The results of the needs assessment showed that the most important need was curriculum and learning development (PNI_modified= 0.41), followed by personnel development (PNI_modified = 0.18), evaluation (PNI_modified = 0.16), stakeholders and participation (PNI_modified = 0.11), and administration and management (PNI_modified = 0.08), respectively. 3) The study on guidelines for sustainable school development to enhance student competency based on the Royal Guidelines for Agricultural Civilization approach under the Office of the Basic Education Commission found thru matrix analysis that curriculum and learning development was in the third part, indicating that school development was at a level that required urgent improvement.