Journal of Management Science Chiangrai Rajabhat University

Cost-Benefit Analysis of Biodiesel Production from Spent Coffee Grounds

2025-08-22T11:37:34+07:00

The world’s demand for coffee beans has been continuously increased, leading to more available spent coffee grounds. The spent coffee grounds can be used as a raw material for biodiesel. Apart from avoiding fossil resource consumption in conventional diesel production, spent coffee ground biodiesel can reduce the use of food product, i.e. palm oil, in producing biodiesel. This study analyzed the cost-benefit of spent coffee ground biodiesel production. 15-year project period and 92 million Thai baht (THB) investment were considered in this study. The results showed that payback period of the project was 14 years, net present value was 96.56 million THB, internal rate of return was 23 and benefit to cost ratio was 1.54. It can be concluded that the spent coffee ground biodiesel project is financially possible. The results of this study can support the decision-making of instant coffee production companies on the investment of spent coffee ground biodiesel project which has implications to sustainable alternative energy development of the country.

The Indirect Effects of Firm Size and Financial Structure on Firm Performance through Investments in Human Capital Development

2025-09-18T16:29:24+07:00

This research aims to examine the indirect relationship between firm size and financial structure on business performance through investments in human capital development. The study utilized data from companies listed on the Stock Exchange of Thailand for the years 2021-2022, sourced from financial statements and the “56-1 One Report” within the SETSMART database. Companies with incomplete financial statement data and those in the rehabilitation group were excluded, resulting in a total sample size of 892 observations. Path analysis was employed to test the relationships. The results revealed that larger firms exhibited a positive indirect relationship with firm performance through investments in human capital development. Similarly, companies with a financial structure characterized by debt-to-equity demonstrated a positive indirect relationship with firm performance via investments in human capital development. Furthermore, the findings indicated that debt-to-equity had a direct relationship with firm performance, whereas no direct relationship was found between firm size and firm performance.

The Influence of Entrepreneurial Characteristics, Entrepreneurial Orientation and Entrepreneurial Marketing on Organizational Effectiveness After the COVID-19 Crisis: A Study of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in the Catering Business in the Central Metropolitan Region

2025-09-23T11:41:13+07:00

This study aimed to (1) examine the general information of local catering business entrepreneurs in Nonthaburi, Pathum Thani, Samut Prakan, and Nakhon Pathom provinces, and (2) investigate the factors influencing the organizational effectiveness of local catering businesses in the Central Perimeter Region of Thailand, specifically in the provinces of Nonthaburi, Pathum Thani, Samut Prakan, and Nakhon Pathom, in the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic. A quantitative research approach was employed, utilizing a sample of 330 local catering entrepreneurs. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire, which had been validated for content accuracy by experts and tested for reliability using Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was found between 0.83.

The research findings indicate that entrepreneurial characteristics encompassing both psychological and practical aspects—such as self-control, perseverance, autonomy in decision-making, and learning ability—along with management skills, networking, proactive marketing, and opportunity orientation, are critical factors directly influencing the sustainability and success of businesses in highly uncertain environments. Furthermore, both entrepreneurial traits and marketing entrepreneurship have a statistically significant impact on the organizational performance of catering businesses at the 0.05 significance level. This study emphasizes that the integration of personal entrepreneurial traits with strategic management practices plays a pivotal role in enabling local catering businesses to grow and recover effectively in the post-COVID-19 era. It underscores the necessity of combining psychological insight with organizational management to enhance long-term business resilience and performance.

Cost and Return Analysis of Krajood Handicraft Products for Decision-Making in the Khokphayom Community Enterprise, Narathiwat Province

2025-10-02T12:25:20+07:00

This study explores the production process and cost-return structure of Krajood (Lepironia articulata) handicrafts produced by a local community enterprise in Narathiwat Province, Thailand. The research aims to understand both the traditional methods used in making Krajood products and the financial aspects related to cost, return, and pricing strategies. The study focuses on understanding production process of Krajood products, cost calculation methods (both direct and indirect costs), and rationale for pricing strategies, particularly cost-plus pricing, using purposive sampling, 25 participants were selected, an in-depth interview guide was used as the main research instrument. The production process was found to involve six main stages, showing the importance of traditional skills and community-based knowledge. A detailed cost analysis was conducted for ten product types, highlighting the variation in profitability. The 2-in-1 handbag and Shopping Bag emerged as the most financially viable, while some products returned minimal profit due to high production costs. Breakeven analysis and cost-plus pricing models were used to recommend suitable pricing levels. The findings suggest that combining traditional craft practices with basic financial tools can help local producers achieve both cultural and economic sustainability.

Factors Influencing Organizational Commitment of Employees at JGJD Company Limited

2025-10-29T15:42:44+07:00

This quantitative research aimed to investigate factors influencing organizational commitment among employees at JGJD Construction Company Limited. The objectives were: (1) to compare employees’ organizational commitment based on personal factors; (2) to examine the influence of transformational leadership on organizational commitment; and (3) to study the effect of work motivation on organizational commitment. The sample consisted of 435 employees, and data were collected using a questionnaire. Statistical methods included frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, t-test, one-way ANOVA, Least Significant Difference (LSD), and multiple regression analysis. The results showed that employees' organizational commitment significantly differed by age, education level, monthly income, and work experience at the 0.05 level. Furthermore, both transformational leadership and work motivation had a statistically significant influence on employees’ organizational commitment at the 0.05 level.

Development and Testing of the Effectiveness of an Innovative Behavior Development Program for Restaurant Entrepreneurs

2026-03-06T14:27:53+07:00

This research aimed to develop an innovative behavior development program for restaurant entrepreneurs and to test its effectiveness. The study employed a pre-experimental research design using a one-group pretest-posttest design. The sample consisted of 14 restaurant entrepreneurs in Chiang Mai Province who voluntarily participated in the program. The program was developed based on Experiential Learning Theory, focusing on developing growth mindset, psychological capital, and business opportunity recognition, which are factors that influence innovative behavior. The program lasted 7 hours, beginning with the first assessment of innovative behavior, followed by experience sharing, theoretical lectures, scenario simulation, and group discussions, concluding with the second assessment at the end of the program. Participants were then assigned to practice the learned concepts for one month, after which the third assessment was conducted as a follow-up. The research instrument was an innovative behavior measurement tool developed from the conceptual framework of Matthews and Brueggemann (2015). Data were analyzed using one-way repeated measures ANOVA. The results revealed that the levels of innovative behavior across the three time periods differed significantly at the .01 level. The innovative behavior at the one-month follow-up was significantly higher than both before and after program participation at the .05 level. This demonstrates that the program can effectively enhance innovative behavior among restaurant entrepreneurs, and the resulting behavior shows a certain degree of durability.

The Influence of Localism and Brand Trust on Consumer Purchase Decisions in Local Retail Stores in Northern Thailand

2026-03-09T12:57:14+07:00

This research aims to: 1) Explore the exploratory factors influencing purchasing decisions in local retail stores, 2) Test the consistency of the causal model influencing purchasing decisions in local retail stores, and 3) Investigate the management strategies of local retail stores. This study uses a mixed-methods approach, combining quantitative research through a survey. The sample group consists of 450 residents from 9 provinces in Northern Thailand. Data were collected via online questionnaires, and the analysis was performed using descriptive statistics including frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, and inferential statistics via structural equation modeling. In addition, qualitative research was conducted through in-depth interviews with managers of 5 successful local retail stores in Northern Thailand.

The findings reveal that the analysis of basic statistical values shows that the latent variables in the study are seven in total. All variables were found to have high overall levels, with means ranging from 4.24 to 4.34. The factor loadings of all observed variables were greater than 0.70 and statistically significant at the .001 level. In addition, the composite reliability and the average variance extracted were examined. The results showed that all constructs had CR (rho_a) values ranging from 0.844 to 0.934, and AVE values ranging from 0.804 to 0.929. The most influential factor on purchasing decisions (PD) was purchasing intention (PI), followed by trust (BT) (TE=0.464) and local preference (LC) (TE=0.160). Local preference (LC), attitude (AT), social norm (SN), perceived behavioral control (PBC), and trust (BT) together explained 85% of the variance in purchasing intention (PI). Furthermore, local preference (LC), trust (BT), and purchasing intention (PI) together explained 84.2% of the variance in purchasing decisions (PD). However, while local preference (LC) did not directly influence purchasing decisions (PD), it had an indirect influence through purchasing intention (PI) with a path coefficient of 0.097. Similarly, trust (BT) had an indirect influence through purchasing intention (PI) with a path coefficient of 0.206.

Regarding the strategies of local retail stores in Northern Thailand, businesses set clear goals focusing on growth and sustainability, integrating technology and service to enhance competitiveness. Resource management is diversified based on each store’s potential, with a focus on utilizing data to increase efficiency. Competitive strategies vary by context, including price, community relationships, service, and data utilization. Risk management reflects the ability to adapt to uncertainties through cost control, channel expansion, and service strategy adjustments. Moreover, stores emphasize sustainability in environmental dimensions, growth, and business succession. Finally, entrepreneurs believe that modern retail businesses require systematic management combined with an understanding of the local context to compete and survive in the rapidly changing market environment.