Songklanakarin Journal of Management Sciences

Exploring the Competitiveness for Sustainability of Agro-processing Businesses in Thailand

Suttida Chaisri — 2025-12-29

Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in the agro-processing industry play an important role in the Thai economy. However, market changes and intense competition require SMEs to continuously develop their competitive potential. This research investigates the competitive potential for sustainability of agro-processing businesses in Thailand to find the factors that increase the competitive potential for sustainability with dynamic capabilities and innovation, to show the strengths and weaknesses, and to suggest solutions. This research uses a qualitative methodology through in-depth interviews with 20 owners and senior managers in the canned vegetable and fruit processing industry, along with document study and non-participant observation. The results of the study found that the factors of perception, search, grasping, shifting and reshaping of dynamic capabilities affect the competitive potential of SMEs through innovation. However, it was also found that many agro-processing businesses still lack sustainability due to the high risk of long-term planning, lack of knowledge and skills, lack of investment budget, and lack of cooperation with the government. Therefore, this research provides solutions to entrepreneurs and the government to help support agro-processing businesses in canned vegetables and fruits to successfully overcome this barrier to sustainability.

Economic Benefits of Community Tourism Activities Operated and Managed Based on the BCG Economic Model Concept

Akarapong Untong — 2025-12-29

This article aims to explore the economic benefits of community tourism activities that are operated and managed based on the principles of the BCG economic model. A qualitative research approach was employed to identify target tourism activities, followed by a cost-benefit financial analysis to assess their economic benefits. The findings reveal that the case study tourism community has applied innovative service design by leveraging biological resources, occupational practices, and community capital to design tourism activities that provide different experiences for visitors, which added value to existing community resources and capital. Meanwhile, the cost-benefit analysis indicates that implementing and managing tourism based on the BCG economic model strengthens the competitiveness of community tourism by increasing the value of tourism products and services and enhancing the destination’s image as environmentally conscious. Therefore, to encourage tourism communities to adopt the BCG economic model in tourism development, relevant sectors should support and educate tourism communities stakeholders. This includes building capacity for design tourism activities based on community resources and capital, as well as raising awareness and providing knowledge on how to implement and manage tourism in accordance with the BCG model among service providers, communities, and local authorities responsible for overseeing tourist attractions.

Factors Influencing Changes in Creative and Innovative Behaviors of Personnel in the Silver Handicraft Business from the Perspective of Entrepreneurs

Penporn Pukahuta — 2025-12-29

This qualitative case study aims to explore the factors that influence creative and innovative behavior among employees in the silver handicraft industry. A preliminary conceptual framework was developed based on a review of the Resource-Based View (RBV) theory, which served as a foundation for designing semi-structured interview questions. Key informants consisted of five purposefully selected participants, including entrepreneurs and provincial cluster leaders. The data collected was analyzed using content analysis, involving thematic grouping and relational interpretation to conclude. The study revealed five key factors that influence creative and innovative behavior such as (1) leadership roles, (2) organizational systems and policies, (3) organizational atmosphere and culture, (4) employee characteristics, and (5) the work environment. These factors collectively shape employee behavior and innovation capacity. The findings provide valuable insights for entrepreneurs to align resource utilization with employee needs, thereby enhancing organizational innovation and competitiveness.

Economic Factors and COVID-19 Pandemic Influencing Exchange Rate of Baht against U.S. Dollar in the Short-run and Long-run

Phonphat Intaravorraphat — 2025-12-29

The purpose of this research was to investigate the Influencing of economic variables and COVID-19 pandemic on Exchange Rate of Baht against U.S. Dollar in the short-run and long-run in two periods: (1) Before the COVID-19 (January 2014 - December 2019) and (2) During the COVID-19 (January 2020 - Apirl 2023) and analyzed the influence of the independent variables by Co-integration model (long-run model) and Error Correction Model (short-run model).
The findings indicate that (1) before the COVID-19, both in short-run and long-run, exchange rate of Baht against U.S. dollar was influenced by interest rate gap between Thai and US, Thai money supply, international reserves, and public debt, (2) During the COVID-19, in short-run, Baht against U.S. dollar was influenced by interest rate gap, international reserves, and COVID-19 death rate in Thailand. But in long-run, the sharp increase in Thai government debt has led to a Baht Depreciation. This reflects that, although public debt during crisis may be inevitable, Thai government must manage public expenditures in a way that maximizes their effectiveness in supporting economic recovery, while simultaneously administering international reserves to ensure resilience against potential future economic crises, thereby maintaining the long-term stability of Thai Baht.

A Study on the Application of Digital Technology to Enhance the Efficiency of Village Health Volunteers

Meesaen Kaenchuwongk — 2025-12-29

This research aims to (1) study the application of digital technology to enhance the efficiency of Village Health Volunteers (VHVs), and (2) examine the application of digital technology that influences the performance of VHVs. The sample group used in this research consists of 400 Village Health Volunteers in Sakon Nakhon Province. Data were collected using a questionnaire and analyzed through means, standard deviations, and Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) using the ADANCO software to determine both direct and indirect effects. The research findings revealed that: (1) the application of technology consists of the use of technology in public health, education, online systems, administration with government agencies, data recording and storage, communication, social networking, and information searching; and (2) the application of technology has no direct influence on the performance of Village Health Volunteers (VHVs). This may be due to the limited intensity of technology use among VHVs and insufficient technological support for their operations. Some studies have noted that elderly VHVs are not familiar with modern communication devices. However, this study found that (1) the application of technology in public health work affects data recording and storage; (2) the application of technology in education affects information searching; (3) the application of online systems affects administration with government agencies, social networking, and information searching; and (4) the application of technology in administration with government agencies affects communication. The research findings are the conclusions drawn from analyzing variables in a study will inform the development of an action plan to facilitate inter-organizational collaboration.

Fiscal Vaccine: Strategic Public Expenditure Allocation in Health Promotion and Disease Prevention for Thailand’s Long-term Sustainability

Chatcharin Thongmomram — 2025-12-29

The COVID-19 pandemic and demographic transition toward aging societies have exposed healthcare system vulnerabilities and highlighted the urgent need to reshape public health expenditure allocation approaches. Thailand, entering an aged society with 20% elderly population and facing non-communicable disease burdens causing 1.6 trillion baht annual economic losses, requires innovative frameworks for health investment emphasizing prevention and fiscal sustainability. This study aims to develop a “Fiscal Vaccine” conceptual framework through integration of theories from public economics, public administration, and public policy for systematic and strategic allocation of public expenditure on health promotion and disease prevention. The study employed systematic literature review following PRISMA guidelines from 127 selected research articles, combined with conceptual framework development and feasibility analysis. The study developed the Fiscal Vaccine conceptual framework, analogizing public expenditure allocation to medical vaccine mechanisms to create “Economic Immunity” for nations. The framework comprises five core components: prevention-first approach, strategic long-term investment, intersectoral coordination, sustainability focus, and integrated monitoring and evaluation, operating through a five-stage interconnected mechanism. The Fiscal Vaccine represents a conceptual innovation with potential as a crucial tool for policymakers in building health and economic security, particularly for developing countries facing demographic transition and fiscal sustainability challenges.

The Influence of Leaders' Motivating Language on the Relationship between Service Climate and Service-oriented Organizational Citizenship Behavior

Kusuma Piriyapun — 2025-12-29

This study aims to investigate the influence of motivating language of leaders on service climate and service-oriented organizational citizenship behavior in logistics service organizations. Data were collected from 361 employees working in the Thai logistics industry using purposive sampling. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was employed to analyze the data. The findings revealed that: (1) motivating language of leaders has a positive influence on service climate (2); motivating language of leaders has a positive influence on service-oriented organizational citizenship behavior; (3) service climate has a positive effect on service-oriented organizational citizenship behavior; and (4) service climate serves as a mediating variable in the relationship between motivating language of leaders and service-oriented organizational citizenship behavior.
The specific findings of this study confirm that leaders’ motivating language significantly influences service-oriented organizational citizenship behavior (SO-OCB), both directly and indirectly through service climate as a mediating variable. Thus, motivating language serves as a strategic tool to strengthen employees’ perceptions of their collaborative work environment and the behaviors expected by the organization. Furthermore, it exerts a direct impact in stimulating, motivating, and driving service-oriented organizational citizenship behavior among employees in Thailand’s logistics industry.

Water Management Success Kalayaniwattana District Water Chiang Mai Province Retardation Weir

Phusawasdi Sukliang — 2025-12-29

Water retention weirs in Kalayaniwattana District, Chiang Mai Province, play an important role in local water resource management. However, systematic evaluation of their success is lacking. This results in a lack of clear supporting data for future problem-solving and development, providing a guideline for improving water management efficiency and enhancing community sustainability. This academic article aims to analyze the success factors in water management by developing water retention weirs for people, communities and agencies or joint management in Kalayaniwattana District, Chiang Mai Province. It was found that: Social factors were found to include genuine community participation at all stages, fair conflict resolution, respect for local culture, and raising awareness of water management, as well as good governance and addressing social inequality. Economic factors include supporting the agricultural sector to have water security, increasing production and income for farmers. In addition, it also promotes other economic opportunities in the community, such as: Tourism and the consideration of long-term economic value and benefits and environmental factors, including appropriate water resource management. To increase water storage and maintain ecosystem moisture, conservation and restoration of forest resources in watershed areas to maintain water quantity and quality, and consideration of the physical characteristics of the area, including the impact of climate change.