Journal of MCU Nakhondhat

SAFETY STANDARDS AFFECTING THE DECISION TO PARTICIPATE IN SPORTS EVENTS: A CASE STUDY OF MARATHONS IN THAILAND

2025-03-09T23:12:14+07:00

This academic article aims to explain the conceptual framework related to safety standards that influence the decision to participate in sports events, with a case study on marathon events in Thailand. Currently, marathon events in Thailand have been gaining popularity, attracting many participants, including amateur and professional runners. At the same time, safety standards in marathon event organization remain a crucial issue that requires further development. This is especially true for current operational guidelines, which face the escalating challenge of PM 2.5 air pollution, making it a growing concern for marathon organizers. To elevate event organization to international standards such as those set by World Athletics and AIMS (Association of International Marathons and Distance Races), which are globally recognized certifying bodies, it is necessary to consider key factors affecting runner safety. These include racecourse management, medical support, emergency prevention measures, and crowd management. The researcher has established a conceptual framework for this study on sports tourism by reviewing relevant literature. The findings suggest that sports event management, safety management, and theories related to risk perception, perceived hygiene, health awareness, event safety atmosphere, participant confidence, and behavioral intention are essential aspects for research to enhance safety standards in sports event organization in Thailand.

THE IMPACT OF AIR POLLUTION FROM PM2.5 DUST ON THE RESPIRATORY HEALTH OF URBAN POPULATIONS AND PREVENTIVE MEASURES

2025-03-27T23:05:57+07:00

Air pollution caused by fine particulate matter (PM2.5) poses a significant threat to public health worldwide, particularly affecting the respiratory system. These microscopic particles can penetrate deep into the lungs and enter the bloodstream, leading to inflammation of the respiratory tract and increasing the risk of various diseases such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and lung cancer. Numerous studies have demonstrated a correlation between rising PM2.5 levels and a higher incidence of respiratory diseases, particularly among vulnerable groups, including children, the elderly, and individuals with pre-existing chronic conditions. The mechanisms through which PM2.5 affects health involve inflammatory responses, oxidative stress, and immune system alterations. Additionally, PM2.5 contains toxic substances, including heavy metals and carcinogens, which can damage lung epithelial cells and increase susceptibility to respiratory infections. Major sources of PM2.5 emissions include fossil fuel combustion from transportation and industrial activities, as well as biomass burning. Effective prevention strategies can be categorized into individual-level and policy-level measures: At the individual level, people should wear N95 masks, avoid outdoor activities during high pollution periods, and install air purifiers in indoor spaces. At the policy level, governments should enforce stricter air quality standards, regulate emissions from vehicles and industries, promote the use of clean energy, and expand urban green spaces to reduce airborne particulate matter. This study highlights the link between PM2.5 air pollution and the prevalence of respiratory diseases, while also proposing effective prevention strategies to mitigate health impacts. These findings can serve as a basis for policy development and practical measures aimed at improving air quality and reducing long-term health risks.

FACTORS INFLUENCING THE PURCHASING DECISION OF ACCOUNTING SOFTWARE PACKAGES OF ACCOUNTING FIRMS REGISTERED IN THAILAND

2025-03-30T20:31:39+07:00

This article aims to review the literature related to factors influencing the purchasing decision of accounting software packages of accounting firms registered in Thailand as a guideline for making decisions to purchase accounting software packages appropriate for the business. The results of the literature review found that the factors affecting the decision to purchase accounting software packages of accounting firms registered in Thailand are: 1) Organizational image factors, which are the perception that customers have of the organization, consisting of corporative Identity, reputation, physical Environment, and contact Personal, 2) Marketing mix factors (7Ps), which include Product, Price, Place, Promotions, Process, People, and Physical Evidence, 3) Program attribute factors, which are a set of characteristics and capabilities, consisting of usability, reliability, utility, maintenance, and safety. 4) Technology acceptance factors, which are the process by which users accept and use new technologies for their benefits, consisting of perceived benefits, perceived ease of use, attitudes toward use, user behavior, and actual use, which will affect the decision to purchase accounting software packages of accounting firms registered in Thailand in five dimensions: problem perception, knowledge seeking, alternative evaluation, purchase decision, and post-purchase behavior, for the benefit of the organization. The decision to purchase accounting software packages is considered an important factor. At accounting firms registered in Thailand, it is important to consider purchasing ready-made accounting software and develop more efficient accounting systems to further increase the value of the business.

DEVELOPMENT OF POLITICAL PARTICIPATION ACCORDING TO THE DEMOCRATIC METHOD OF THE PEOPLE IN LAT PHRAO DISTRICT BANGKOK

2025-03-09T23:08:10+07:00

The objectives of this research are 1) To study the level of development of political participation according to the democratic method of the people in Lat Phrao District 2) To study factors affecting the development of political participation according to the democratic method of the people in Lat Phrao District and 3) To propose guidelines for developing political participation according to the democratic method of the people in Lat Phrao District. The study is research Combined methods, sample group of 400 people, data collected by questionnaire. Data analysis uses statistics, averages, and fractions. Standard deviation and linear multiple regression analysis statistics for 32 key informants as well. How to choose specifically Data were collected using in-depth interviews. The findings were as follows: 1) The overall level of development of political participation according to the democratic method of the people in Lat Phao district, was overall at a moderate level ( = 2.84) 2) Factors affecting the development of political participation according to the democratic method of the people in Lat Phrao (y) with statistical significance at the .05 level has a total of 2 Variables, arranged in order of their effect on diversion. Varying from highest to lowest are community composition (X₃ Beta = .658) and change of society (X₁ Beta = .203) and 3) Guidelines for developing political participation according to the regime Democracy of the people in Lat phrao District found that the government should encourage people to participate in politics. A city following the democratic way, both direct and indirect political participation seriously and continuously.

THE DEVELOPMENT OF GROUP COUNSELING PROGRAM FOR ENHANCING COPING WITH BULLYING OF EARLY ADOLESCENT

2025-04-01T21:46:19+07:00

The purposes of this research were to 1) Develop a group counseling program to enhance coping with bullying of early adolescents; 2) Compare the effect of using the program in an experimental group in the pre-experiment and post-experiment follow-up; and 3) Compare the effect of using the program in an experimental group and a control group in the pre-experiment and post-experiment follow-up. The sample of research involved 16 secondary school students who were selected by purposive sampling. Data were analyzed using statistical methods, including one-way ANOVA with repeated measures and the independent samples t-test. The findings were as follows: 1) The group counseling program integrates theories and counseling techniques from various counseling approaches. These include cognitive-focused theories such as cognitive-behavioral counseling and rational-emotive behavior counseling, as well as behavior-focused theories like reality therapy. Techniques emphasizing the regulation of negative emotions, such as deep breathing techniques and stabilization techniques, are also applied. The program comprised three stages: The beginning stage, the counseling process stage, and the termination stage. 2) The experimental group showed statistically significant improvements in overall coping with bullying and all sub-dimensions compared to the control group at the 0.01 level across the pre-test, post-test, and follow-up stages. 3) The experimental group showed statistically significant improvements in overall coping with bullying and all sub-dimensions compared to the pre-test, post-test, and follow-up stages at the 0.01 level.

DEVELOPMENT OF THE QUALITY OF LIFE OF THE ELDERLY IN THE LOCAL ADMINISTRATION OF MUEANG PHITSANULOK DISTRICT PHITSANULOK PROVINCE

2025-04-07T03:03:10+07:00

Research objectives 1) To study the level of quality of life development for the elderly in local administrative organizations in Mueang Phitsanulok District, 2) To study the factors affecting the development of quality of life for the elderly in local administrative organizations in Mueang Phitsanulok District, and 3) To propose guidelines for the development of quality of life for the elderly in local administrative organizations in Mueang Phitsanulok District. This study was a mixed-method research. The key informants were 28 people. The interviews were conducted with 1) The Office of Social Development and Human Security of Phitsanulok Province, 2) A political scientist, 3) A local administrative executive, 4) A director of the local administrative organization social welfare division, 5) A director of the sub-district health promoting hospital, 6) A village health volunteer, and 7) A representative of the elderly in local administrative organizations in Mueang Phitsanulok District. The purposive sampling method and a sample of 400 people were selected from a random sample of the elderly in local administrative organizations in Mueang Phitsanulok District. Data were collected by questionnaires. Data analysis used statistics, mean, standard deviation, and multiple regression analysis. The results showed that 1) The level of quality of life development for the elderly in local administrative organizations in Mueang Phitsanulok District The overall picture is at a high level ( = 3.57). 2) Factors affecting the development of the quality of life of the elderly in local administrative organizations, Mueang Phitsanulok District (y) with statistical significance at the .01 level consisted of 4 variables. The order of the effect on the variation from most to least is education (X₂ Beta = .506), life security (X₁ Beta = .242), economy (X₃ Beta = .178), and society (X₄ Beta = .089). 3) Guidelines for developing the quality of life of the elderly in local administrative organizations, Mueang Phitsanulok District, found that government organizations should continuously implement guidelines for developing the quality of life of the elderly in local administrative organizations for long-term effectiveness.

SERVICE QUALITY FACTORS AFFECTING SATISFACTION ON APARTMENT RENTAL SERVICES IN CHATUCHAK DISTRICT, BANGKOK

2025-03-27T23:13:09+07:00

This research aims to compare tenant satisfaction on apartment rental services in Chatuchak District, Bangkok, classified by decision-making behaviour, and to study service quality factors affecting tenant satisfaction on apartment rental services. The study employs a quantitative research methodology, with the sample group consisting of individuals currently renting apartments in Chatuchak District for a minimum rental period of six months. Using Cochran's formula, the sample size was calculated to be 384 participants. The research instrument utilized was a questionnaire, and data collection was conducted through online questionnaires. The statistical methods used for data analysis include descriptive statistics such as percentage, mean, and standard deviation, as well as inferential statistics using One-Way ANOVA and Multiple Regression Analysis. The research results showed that the service quality factor in terms of assurance was the most important and tenants' satisfaction varied significantly based on rental decision-making behaviour factors such as rental duration, average monthly rental price for accommodation, purpose of renting, sources of information, influential individuals, and number of tenants at the 0.05 level. Service quality factors, including tangibility, reliability, assurance, and empathy, had a statistically significant impact on customer satisfaction at the 0.05 level. The results of this research can be applied to improve service quality in the apartment rental business.

DEVELOPMENT OF COSTUME STYLES FOR TRADITIONAL LIKAY PA PERFORMANCES BAN KHLONG PALIAN GROUP, TRANG PROVINCE

2025-03-14T16:12:05+07:00

This research aimed to study the history, performance style and to develop the costume style of Likay Pa troupe of Ban Klong Palian, Trang Province. The research was qualitative and developed using in-depth interviews and focus group discussions. The researcher selected 42 key informants, namely Likay Pa troupe of Ban Klong Palian, leaders of Ban Klong Palian community and villagers of Ban Klong Palian community, Trang Province. The purpose of the research was to analyze the content data and summarize the overall picture as follows: Likay Pa is a southern folk performance or another name is Likay Rammana, which is named after the main musical instrument used in the performance. It can be found in many areas such as Nakhon Si Thammarat, Phatthalung, Krabi, Trang, Songkhla and Satun. It is a performance with lively melodies combined with lyrics in the southern local language. It tells the story of a foreigner and his wife. The main actors are Khaek Daeng as the hero, Yayee as the heroine and Sena as the clown. The Ban Klong Palian troupe in Trang Province has an identity that is different from other troupes, which is that it has two Yayee actresses. At present, Likay Pa The Ban Klong Palian troupe in Trang Province has been established for over 40 years. However, most of the performers are elderly and lack knowledge of art elements, especially in the design of costumes based on the principles of southern folk dance, which makes the image of the performance lack beautiful aesthetics. Therefore, the researcher has developed a new style of costumes for the main performers, Khaek Daeng and Yayee, by designing them based on the principles and concepts of southern folk dance to enhance the beauty and create a unique identity for the Ban Klong Palian troupe in Trang Province.

THE INFLUENCE OF SERVICE MARKETING MIX FACTORS ON THE DECISION-MAKING PROCESS FOR PURCHASING SINGLE-FAMILY HOMES AMONG GEN-Y CUSTOMERS IN BANGYAI DISTRICT, NONTHABURI PROVINCE

2025-03-28T23:43:43+07:00

This research aims to study service marketing mix factors affecting the decision-making process for purchasing single-family homes among Gen-Y customers in Bangyai District, Nonthaburi Province. The objectives are 1) To compare the decision-making process for purchasing single-family homes among Gen-Y customers in Bangyai District, Nonthaburi Province, classified by demographic factors and housing purchase decision-making behaviour and 2) To study service marketing mix factors affecting the decision-making process for purchasing single-family homes. The survey was conducted among 384 Gen-Y customers who were born between 1981-1996 or aged 25-40 years. The sampling method was convenience sampling. This research employed a quantitative approach, utilizing the Cochran formula to determine the sample size. The data collection method was questionnaires distributed via online channels. The statistics used for data analysis include descriptive statistics, such as percentage, mean, and standard deviation, as well as inferential statistics, including t-test, One-Way ANOVA, and Multiple Regression Analysis. The results found that demographic factors in terms of education level, purchase decision-making behaviour factors in terms of convenience, safety, and design reflecting one's identity, which were different, had a significant effect on purchasing single-family homes among Gen-Y customers at the significance level of 0.05. Service marketing mix factors ranked by importance, such as process, physical evidence, and product, had a significant effect on the decision-making process for purchasing single-family homes among Gen-Y customers at the significance level of 0.05. The findings of this research can be used as a guideline for developing marketing plans and business strategies for real estate entrepreneurs.

THE SERVICE QUALITY OF THE SOCIAL SECURITY OFFICE, BANGKOK AREA 9

2025-04-06T23:28:53+07:00

This research article aims to study: 1) The service quality of the Social Security Office, Bangkok Area 9, 2) The satisfaction of users with the services provided by the Social Security Office, Bangkok Area 9, 3) The comparison of satisfaction classified by personal demographic data, and 4) The service quality factors that influence user satisfaction with the services provided by the Social Security Office, Bangkok Area 9. The sample consisted of 400 service users. A questionnaire was used as a tool for data collection. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, including percentages and means, as well as inferential statistics, such as t-tests, F-tests (One-way ANOVA), and multiple regression analysis. The results indicated that the majority of the sample were female, aged between 31 - 40 years, employed in the private sector, single, with a bachelor’s degree, and an average monthly income exceeding 25,000 baht. The majority accessed services between 12:31 and 14:30, and the frequency of service use was 1 - 3 times per year. Overall, both the service quality and user satisfaction were rated as high. The comparison of satisfaction according to personal demographic characteristics such as gender, age, occupation, education level, average monthly income, service time, and frequency of service use revealed no statistically significant differences, except for the type of service received, which showed a statistically significant difference at the .05 level. Furthermore, the various service quality factors, including tangibility, reliability, responsiveness, assurance, and empathy, were found to have a statistically significant impact on user satisfaction at the .01 level.

BODY OF KNOWLEDGE AND STRONG COMMUNITY INNOVATION MODEL SUB-DISTRICTS OF THE COMMUNITY ORGANIZATIONS COUNCILS IN THE SOUTHERN REGION

2025-03-27T22:57:52+07:00

This research article with the purpose of studying The Context of the origin and characteristics of community organizations leading to strong community innovation, To study the body of knowledge and prototype of the strong community innovation and to study the guidelines for the spatial planning development of the community, Under The Project to extract knowledge for the development of strong community innovation model subdistricts for the year 2022, by quality research studies Key informants 1) A Community Organization Council of Nong Hong Subdistrict, Nakhon Si Thammarat Province Thailand. 2) A Community Organization Council of Na Toei Subdistrict, Phang Nga Province Thailand. 3) A Community Organization Council of Wichit Municipal Subdistrict, Phuket Province Thailand. 4) A Community Organization Council of Ban Chiew Lan Municipal Subdistrict, Surat Thani Province Thailand. The research methodology was an in-depth interview form, group discussion with a total of 84 informants by descriptive data analysis. The research results found that: 1) The context for the birth and characteristics of community organization groups that lead to strong community innovation. It was found that the Subdistrict Community Organization Councils in 4 areas had the birth context and characteristics of A group that leads to the strength of the community according to the Community Organizations Council Act of 2008 and the group leaders have a vision. Member participation Continuously doing activities Exchanging knowledge and creating a network of community organization councils. 2) Knowledge and models of strong community innovation model sub-districts found that community organization councils in all 4 areas have driven community development with women's groups. Creating a community plan and developing a learning curriculum Improving Quality of life and health and creating network partners There is a leader who coordinates on the community resource base. 3) Guidelines for developing spatial planning in the community. It was found that community organization councils in all 4 southern areas have guidelines for spatial development, such as creating community learning centers. Community tourism, community plans, building the new generation Creating a network for disaster management and there is a community curriculum.

THE MANAGEMENT PATTERNS AND FINANCIAL LIQUIDITY AFFECTING THE LIQUIDITY RISK OF HOTELS IN KOH SAMUI DISTRICT, SURAT THANI PROVINCE, AFTER CORONAVIRUS DISEASE PANDEMIC (COVID-19)

2025-04-04T23:19:27+07:00

This research aims to study the financial management patterns, financial liquidity management, and financial liquidity risks of hotel businesses following the Coronavirus disease pandemic (COVID-19). The study employed a mixed-methods approach. The sample consisted of 290 representatives from 3-star and 4-star hotels, selected through purposive sampling. The research instrument used was a questionnaire. Statistical tools for data analysis included percentages, means, standard deviations, Pearson’s correlation coefficients, and multiple regression analysis. The research findings revealed that the financial management patterns of hotel businesses after the COVID-19 pandemic can be divided into two parts: 1) General information: The majority of the hotels were 4-star establishments located in the Na Mueang Subdistrict and registered as limited companies. Their registered capital ranges from 11-20 million baht. Most had been in operation for over 10 years. Following the COVID-19 pandemic, these businesses experienced a decline in revenue. 2) Financial management patterns: The overall average level of financial management practices in the hotel industry after the COVID-19 pandemic was rated as high. These practices included financial liquidity management, financial management patterns, and financial liquidity risk management. In terms of financial liquidity management, the study found that the financial management patterns had a statistically significant effect on the financial liquidity risk of hotels. The factors that can predict financial liquidity risk in the hotel businesses include financial management, which consists of capital financing and financial control, and liquidity management, which involves the management of working capital.

MARKETING MIX FACTORS THAT AFFECT THE DECISION TO USE A METAL FABRICATION FACTORY ACCORDING TO CUSTOMER ORDERS

2025-03-07T23:09:17+07:00

The purpose of this research is to study 1) Marketing mix factors in using a metal fabrication factory service, 2) The level of the customer decision-making to use the services of a metal fabrication factory, 3) Compare the decision to use the service of a metal fabrication according to the establishment's information, and 4) Marketing mix factors that affect the decision to use the service of the metal fabrication factory. A sample of 60 establishments was selected using a questionnaire as a research tool. Statistics used in data analysis include percentages, averages, t-tests, F-tests (one-way ANOVA), and multiple regression analysis. The study found that most respondents were in the food industry. The establishment is more than ten years old. Number of employees is less than 50 times. The registered capital and purchase value per year. 1,000,000 - 5,000,000 baht. It is the decision-making of the business owners. The overall picture marketing mix factors and the decision to use services are high. The difference in type of establishment in terms of the period of establishment, number of employees, registered capital, annual purchase value, and people who made the decision does not affect the decision to use services. The marketing mix factors such as marketing promotion, the business process aspect, and the physical element have a statistically significant influence at the 0.05 level. Suggestions from the study result: Entrepreneurs should prioritize producing metal workpieces precisely as ordered. There is a variety in production. Set product prices to be appropriate. There are various contact channels. The office location is convenient for travel. Public relations advertising is available through multiple media outlets. Recruit personnel with knowledge and ability. There should be a systematic work acceptance process.

KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT AND ORGANIZATIONAL CLIMATE INFLUENCE ON LEARNING ORGANIZATION OF THE SOUTHERN BORDER PROVINCES’ PERSONNEL OF PUBLIC UNIVERSITY

2025-04-07T23:59:06+07:00

This research aimed to: 1) Study the levels of knowledge management, organizational climate, and the characteristics of being a learning organization among personnel of public universities in the southern border provinces of Thailand, and 2) Examine the influence of knowledge management and organizational climate on the development of learning organizations. The sample consisted of 390 academic and support staff from public universities in the southern border provinces. Stratified sampling was employed. The research instruments comprised three questionnaires: One on knowledge management, one on organizational climate, and one on the characteristics of a learning organization. The reliability coefficients ranged from 0.92 to 0.93. Data were collected through an online questionnaire distributed via Google Forms, with official permission from each institution. The data collection period lasted two months. Descriptive statistics (percentage, frequency, mean, and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (multiple regression analysis) were used for data analysis after confirming the preliminary statistical assumptions. The findings revealed that the levels of knowledge management, organizational climate, and learning organization characteristics among personnel in these universities were at a high level overall and in each aspect. Furthermore, organizational climate had a strong positive influence (β = .603, t = 11.695, p < .001), and knowledge management had a moderate positive influence (β = .292, t = 5.656, p < .001) on the development of learning organizations. Both variables were statistically significant at the .05 level and jointly explained 75.6% of the variance in learning organization characteristics (R² = 0.756, Adjusted R² = 0.755).

GUIDELINES FOR IMPROVING ENGAGEMENT AND QUALITY OF WORK LIFE FOR LGBTQ+ EMPLOYEES OF LUXURY HOTELS

2025-04-08T23:54:32+07:00

This study aims to 1) Examine the quality of work life of LGBTQ+ employees working in luxury hotels, and 2) Analyze the level of organizational engagement among LGBTQ+ employees in luxury hotels. This qualitative research adopts a phenomenological approach to understand the lived experiences of key informants. The data were collected using in-depth interviews with 10 executives from luxury hotels in Thailand who possess knowledge, understanding, and experience in managing gender diversity in the workplace and participant observation. The findings reveal that LGBTQ+ employees experience a relatively high quality of work life. They feel safe expressing their gender identity, comfortable in their work environment, and accepted by both colleagues and management. These outcomes reflect organizational policies and cultures that emphasize equality, embrace diversity, and reduce gender-based discrimination. Such supportive environments foster a positive workplace atmosphere and holistically enhance employees’ potential. Additionally, the study found that LGBTQ+ employees exhibit a high level of organizational engagement. There is a positive relationship between the acceptance of gender identity and employees’ sense of belonging, self-worth, and their intention to remain with the organization in the long term. Based on these findings, the study provides policy recommendations for executives in the hotel and service industries to create and promote safe, inclusive, and diversity-friendly work environments. These efforts aim to support equal participation and ultimately enhance organizational effectiveness and sustainability.

DEVELOPING AREA-BASED COLLABORATION NETWORKS IN COMMUNITY FOR SUSTAINABLY BUILDING UP CIVIC CONSCIOUSNESS OF MULTICULTURALIS, CHANA DISTRICT, SONGKHLA

2025-04-06T23:24:40+07:00

This research aimed to: 1) Examine the factors contributing to the development of a community-participated spatial collaboration network, and 2) Propose a framework for developing mechanisms to drive a community-participated multicultural social network that fosters citizenship awareness in Chana District, Songkhla Province, through the application of the Nathap Model. The target group consisted of 60 participants from Chanong and Talingchan Subdistricts in Chana District. A semi-structured interview protocol was employed to collect qualitative data. The findings revealed several key factors supporting the development of mechanisms to drive multicultural social networks with community participation in Chana District: 1) Executives of government agencies played a vital role in promoting and supporting activities that reflected community identity; 2) These executives emphasized the importance of establishing cooperative networks within specific community groups under their jurisdiction; 3) Community members actively participated in various collaborative activities; 4) Community representatives demonstrated strong leadership potential and effectively coordinated with local leaders; and 5) While community-based networks operated for social benefit, they tended to act independently. The brainstorming sessions conducted using the Nathap Model contributed to the development of a comprehensive framework for establishing mechanisms to sustain a multicultural social network through community participation. The community proposed a range of participatory activities designed to promote multicultural understanding and shared civic engagement. These activities included: Elderly Day Celebrations, Singing, Dancing, Cooking, and Reminiscing Events, Eat, Shop, and Engage Initiatives, Fun Housewives’ Group Activities, Walking Events from Talingchan Beach to Chanong Beach, and Institution-Community Relationship-Building Programs. All activities were framed within the conceptual foundation of multicultural engagement to enhance social cohesion and intercultural understanding within the community.

DEVELOPING LEARNING PATTERN IN BUSINESS WITH K-SMART MODEL TO PROMOTE ENTREPRENEURSHIP COMPETENCE ON PRATOMSUKSA SIX LEVEL STUDENTS AT BANHAIMAIPAN SCHOOL

2025-04-11T22:06:52+07:00

This research aimed to: 1) Study the problems, needs, and guidelines for developing a learning model to promote entrepreneurship abilities for grade 6 students at Banhuaimaipan School; and 2) Develop a business learning model based on the "6 Knowledge" concept to enhance entrepreneurship abilities for grade 6 students at Banhuaimaipan School. The research employed a Research and Development methodology divided into 2 phases. Phase 1: The informants consisted of administrators, teachers, and parents at Banhuaimaipan School, totaling 56 participants selected through purposive sampling. The research instrument was a questionnaire with a reliability of 0.741. Phase 2: The informants included teachers, educational supervisors, and experts in entrepreneurship, totaling 5 participants selected through purposive sampling. The research instruments included a document analysis form, small group meeting record form, and evaluation form with a reliability of 0.831. Data were analyzed using frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, and content analysis. The findings revealed that: 1) Teachers lacked instructional approaches to promote entrepreneurship abilities, lacked creativity in learning management, had insufficient integration of entrepreneurship skills with content, and had limited budget support. Development needs for learning included market outlets for products, hands-on experience for students, budget support, business knowledge development, and promotion of integrity. Guidelines for developing the learning model showed that the model comprised 5 components: principles, objectives, learning process, organizational system, and measurement and evaluation. Entrepreneurship abilities consisted of 5 aspects: Creativity, determination and commitment, self-confidence, business knowledge, and business ethics; and 2) The business learning model based on the "6 Knowledge" concept demonstrated appropriateness at the highest level.

NEEDS ASSESSMENT FOR ENHANCING MORALE OF TEACHERS WORKING IN SPECIAL AREAS OF CHIANG MAI PROVINCE

2025-04-07T03:10:44+07:00

The purpose of this research was to study the current conditions and assess the needs for morale enhancement among teachers in special areas of Chiang Mai Province. This study employed survey research methodology. The sample comprised 430 teachers from special areas, obtained through stratified random sampling based on four types of schools in special areas: Remote area schools, ethnic minority area schools, mountainous area schools, and border area schools. Proportional random sampling was then conducted to select 26, 15, 71, and 12 schools from each category, respectively. Simple random sampling was employed to select teachers according to the required sample size determined by Taro Yamane's table at a .05 significance level, yielding a minimum sample of 358 teachers. The sample size was increased by 20% to prevent data loss, adding 72 more participants for a total of 430 teachers. The research instrument was a questionnaire validated by 7 experts, with an Index of Item-Objective Congruence (IOC) ranging from 0.8 to 1.0 and a reliability coefficient of 0.994. Data were analyzed using percentage, mean, standard deviation, and Modified Priority Needs Index (PNIModified). The findings revealed that the current state of teacher morale was generally at a low level ( = 2.603, S.D. = 0.284). Working conditions had the highest mean score ( = 2.797, S.D. = 0.330), while job satisfaction had the lowest mean score ( = 2.519, S.D. = 0.302). Regarding needs assessment, job satisfaction showed the highest needs index (PNIModified = 0.687), followed by adequacy of salary and benefits (PNIModified = 0.648), and relationships with colleagues (PNIModified = 0.630), respectively.

THE DEVELOPMENT OF LEARNING ACTIVITIES TO ENHANCE DIGITAL INTELLIGENCE IN UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS: A CASE STUDY OF SONGKHLA RAJABHAT UNIVERSITY

2025-04-08T23:42:43+07:00

The research aims to: 1) To investigate the level of digital intelligence among undergraduate students. 2) To develop an activity package aimed at enhancing students' digital intelligence., and 3) To examine the effectiveness of the developed activity package in enhancing digital intelligence among students at Songkhla Rajabhat University. The research was conducted in three phases: 1) Investigating the digital intelligence of 400 students selected through purposive sampling, 2) Development a digital intelligence enhancement package involved the creation of 10 activity sets, and 3) Testing the activity set with a sample of 30 students selected via simple random sampling. The participants were randomly assigned to either the experimental group (15 students) or the control group (15 students) using sampling without replacement. The research instruments included a digital intelligence assessment tool and an integrated learning activity set comprising 10 activities. The content validity of these instruments was verified by five experts, whose feedback was used to refine the tools. A try-out was conducted with 15 students from other institutions. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, including mean and standard deviation, as well as confirmatory factor analysis. The findings revealed that: 1) The students' digital intelligence was at a high level (mean = 4.24), 2) The digital intelligence enhancement package comprised 10 activities, grounded in the eight core components of digital intelligence outlined by the Child and Youth Media Institute, and 3) The results of using the activity set showed that the digital intelligence quotient scores in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group at a statistical level of .01. It was also found that after the experiment, the experimental group had significantly higher digital intelligence quotient scores than before the experiment at a statistical level of .01.

HEALTH PROMOTING BEHAVIOR AND RETIREMENT PREPARATION OF PROFESSIONAL BOXERS IN BANGKOK AND METROPOLITAN AREA

2025-03-20T13:15:01+07:00

The study on health promoting behavior and retirement preparation of professional boxers in Bangkok and metropolitan area aimed to 1) Examine health promotion behaviors and retirement preparation among professional boxers in Bangkok and metropolitan area and 2) Compare health promotion behaviors and retirement preparation across personal characteristics and boxing. This research conducted quantitative method. The populations were 1,317 registered professional boxers with Ministry of Tourism and Sports. The sample consisted of 252 professional boxers with at least one year of experience from boxing camps in Bangkok and metropolitan area. The questionnaires were used as an instrument to collect the data. The descriptive statistics used in the analysis consisted of frequency, percentage, arithmetic mean, standard deviation. The inference statistics used in the analysis consisted of F-test and Least Significant Difference. The results revealed that professional boxers exhibited relatively high levels of health promotion behaviors but low retirement preparation levels. Comparative analysis showed that boxers with higher education levels demonstrated better health promotion behaviors than those with lower education levels. Additionally, boxers with higher education levels, larger family sizes, higher boxing compensation, and more competitive matches showed greater retirement preparation compared to other groups. The suggestion from this study was that government agencies in the fields of public health, sports, and boxing camps should investigate the problems that boxers encounter. The collaboration with relevant sectors should be established to enhance knowledge about retirement preparation for boxers.

MANAGEMENT FOR ENHANCING THE OPERATIONAL EFFICIENCY ACCORDING TO STANDARDS CRITERIA OF BOXING CAMPS IN THAILAND

2025-03-29T23:41:02+07:00

This quantitative research aimed to investigate the expected and actual implementation of Muay Thai gym standards and to examine the influence of individual characteristics, organizational attributes, and management factors on the effectiveness of such implementation in Thailand. A total of 310 participants were selected using the Krejcie and Morgan sample size table and simple random sampling. The research utilized a questionnaire with a reliability coefficient (Cronbach’s alpha) of 0.90. Data were analyzed using mean, standard deviation, and content analysis. The findings revealed that the most urgent standard requiring development was Standard 8: annual performance reporting, followed by Standard 1: gym infrastructure, and Standard 7: knowledge and information management. Age was found to have the greatest influence on implementation effectiveness, while position, education level, and primary occupation affected certain standards. Gender, experience in the Muay Thai field, and the purpose of gym establishment showed no significant impact. Knowledge of Muay Thai significantly influenced the implementation of almost all standards, except Standard 1, with understanding of standards and attitudes toward gyms also being key contributing factors.

THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE LEARNING MODEL FOR TEMPLES AND COMMUNITIES AROUND KHON KAEN'S KAEN NAKHON LAKE, KHON KAEN PROVINCE

2025-04-10T21:42:58+07:00

This research aimed to study the learning model of temples and communities in public spaces, to develop the learning process of temples and communities in public spaces, and to establish a learning network of temples and communities in public spaces around Bueng Kaen Nakhon, Khon Kaen Province. It was action research consisting of three sub-projects. The target groups were five temples and seven communities around Bueng Kaen Nakhon. Research tools included in-depth interviews, questionnaires, and participatory activities. Data were analyzed using descriptive content analysis. The results revealed that the temples and communities around Bueng Kaen Nakhon serve as important religious and cultural centers in terms of community building and identity, as follows: 1) The learning model of temples and communities in public spaces around Bueng Kaen Nakhon, Khon Kaen Province consists of core components that enhance and support effective and sustainable learning within the community context, including: 1.1) Using temples as centers for learning and cultural preservation, 1.2) Transferring knowledge through elders and monks, 1.3) Organizing local traditions and cultural arts activities, 1.4) Creating media and historical-cultural information resources, 1.5) Promoting participatory community learning, 1.6) Utilizing technology to expand learning, and 1.7) Evaluating and improving learning; 2) The development of learning among temples and communities in public spaces around Bueng Kaen Nakhon, Khon Kaen Province involves three stages: 2.1) Network search, 2.2) Brainstorming and designing, and 2.3) Developing learning activities in public spaces; 3) The establishment of learning networks of temples and communities in public spaces around Bueng Kaen Nakhon, Khon Kaen Province consists of 3.1) Planning, 3.2) Implementation, 3.3) Evaluation, and 3.4) Dissemination.

DEVELOPMENT OF A TRAINING CURRICULUM BASED ON A PROFESSIONAL LEARNING COMMUNITY TO ENHANCE THE COMPETENCIES OF TPACK MODEL LEARNING MANAGEMENT OF TEACHERS UNDER NAKHON PHANOM PRIMARY EDUCATIONAL SERVICE AREA OFFICE 2

2025-03-22T23:39:15+07:00

This research aimed to 1) Examine the components and indicators of the competencies of the TPACK model learning management, 2) Study the actual, desirable state and priority needs for the competencies of the TPACK model learning management, 3) Develop a training curriculum based on a Professional Learning Community to enhance the competencies of the TPACK model learning management, and 4) Study the results of the implementation of the developed training curriculum. The research follows a research and development methodology, consisting of four phases. The sample group for the experiment consists of 30 teachers from a network of schools in Chai Buri, under the Nakhon Phanom Primary Educational Service Area Office 2, selected through a multi-stage random sampling process. The quantitative data were analyzed using mean, standard deviation, t-test, and the modified Needs Index (PNI_modified), while the qualitative data were analyzed using content analysis. The findings revealed that: 1) Instructional management competencies based on the TPACK Model comprised three components: knowledge, skills and, attitude, totaling 11 competencies and 34 indicators; 2) The expected condition was at the highest level, the actual condition was at the moderate level, and the PNI_modified value was 0.47; 3) The training course is most suitable; 4) The results of using the training course found that teachers' knowledge competence after training was significantly higher than before training at a statistical level of .01, skills competence after training was higher than the 70 percent criterion, and characteristics competence after training was significantly higher than before training at a statistical level of .01.; and 5) The teachers' satisfaction with the training was at the highest level.

THE DEVELOPMENT OF ARABIC TRANSLATION PROFICIENCY THROUGH SKILL-BASED EXERCISES FOR STUDENTS IN THE ARABIC FOR HEALTH BUSINESS AND TOURISM PROGRAM AT YALA RAJABHAT UNIVERSITY

2025-03-19T17:05:24+07:00

The research aims to 1) Develop and evaluate the effectiveness of Arabic translation skill exercises to meet the 75/75 standard criteria, 2) Compare the Arabic translation ability of students enrolled in the Arabic for Health Business and Tourism Program before and after using the researchers-developed Arabic translation exercises in the course “Development of Translation Skills” and 3) Examine students’ satisfaction with learning through the use of these exercises to enhance their Arabic translation skills. This study is experimental research and sample group consisted of 24 students enrolled in the second semester of the 2023 academic year, selected through purposive sampling. The research instruments included: 1) Eight sets of Arabic translation skill exercises, 2) an Arabic Translation proficiency test, and 3) A student satisfaction questionnaire using a five-point rating scale. Data analysis standard deviation, and t-test. The finding revealed that, 1) The effectiveness of the Arabic translation skill exercises was 77.24/78.33, meeting the established criteria, 2) Students’ Arabic translation ability after using the exercises was significance higher than before at the .05 level; and 3) Overall, students expressed a high of satisfaction with the exercises. The translation skill exercises developed from this research serve as a valuable tool for instructors in enhancing students' translation skills, which can be adapted for teaching and further improving students' academic translation proficiency.

FACTORS AFFECTING EXECUTIVE THINKING OF PRESCHOOL-AGED CHILDREN IN CHILD DEVELOPMENT CENTER, RATCHABURI PROVINCE

2025-04-07T23:51:10+07:00

This research aimed to study the executive Functions of preschool children by studying child factors, family factors and factors affecting executive Functions of preschool children in child development centers in Ratchaburi Province. The sample consisted of 300 pairs of preschool children and their parents who received services at the child development centers under the Department of Local Administration in Ratchaburi Province. Multi-stage random sampling was used. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and multiple regression analysis. The results of the research found that Executive Functions of preschool children was at a moderate level (M = 49.97, S.D. = 9.90). Factors that significantly affected executive thinking of children were parenting that promoted discipline (β = .170, p < .05), parenting that promoted inconsistent discipline (β = .136, p < .05), and parental stress (β = .133, p < .05). All variables together predicted executive thinking by 9 percent (R² = .090, p < .05). The results of the research suggest that health personnel should provide knowledge to parents or caregivers about channels for assessing stress and finding solutions to stress in order to prevent the transmission of stress through childcare to children while at home. In addition, knowledge about childcare that promotes executive Functions should be provided so that parents have knowledge and understanding and can integrate it through organizing learning experiences while children are at home. For example, in raising children to promote discipline, parents should explain the reasons to children to acknowledge their mistakes calmly and understandably, and should give children the opportunity to find solutions by themselves to reduce the chances of repeating the same mistakes in the future.

THE SUPPLY CHAIN OF THAI AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS THROUGH E-COMMERCE CHANNELS: ISSUES AND A STUDY USING CONSTRUCTIVIST GROUNDED THEORY

2025-03-27T23:11:12+07:00

This study aimed to examine the patterns and challenges of agricultural supply chains distributed through e-commerce channels in Thailand and to develop a constructivist grounded theory within the context of supply chain management. The research employed a qualitative approach using Charmaz's constructivist grounded theory methodology. The key informants included farmers selling agricultural products through e-commerce, platform providers, logistics representatives, and government officials, totaling 30 participants. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, non-participant observations, and document analysis. The findings revealed four distinct supply chain models: 1) Direct sales by farmers, 2) Sales through aggregators or wholesalers, 3) Sales via modern retail stores, and 4) Sales through specialized platform providers. Each model exhibited unique advantages and limitations. The key challenges identified include logistics issues, product quality management, and data integration and technology adoption. The agricultural supply chain in Thailand’s e-commerce sector is shaped by social construction in three main dimensions: stakeholders adaptation, business ecosystem development, and sustainability building. These dimensions led to theoretical propositions, namely: Digital Supply Chain Ecosystem Theory, which comprises real-time data integration, digital adaptation, and policy-level connectivity development and Supply Chain Balance Theory, which includes product quality management, sustainable resource management, and real-time demand responsiveness. The study recommends developing a centralized platform to systematically integrate supply chain data, implementing digital skill development programs for farmers, and improving infrastructure to support the sustainable growth of e-commerce in the agricultural sector.

THE POLICIES AND MANAGEMENT OF HIGHER EDUCATION FOR THE ELDERLY IN THAILAND

2025-04-07T03:30:36+07:00

The primary objective of this research article is to study the policies and management conditions of higher education for the elderly in Thailand. The scope of the study focuses on the policies and educational management at the higher education level for elderly learners in Thailand, examining five key components: instructors, learners, administrators, curricula, and support services. The total number of higher education institutions surveyed was 154, comprising 23 autonomous public universities, 12 government universities, 38 Rajabhat universities, 9 Rajamangala universities of technology, and 72 private universities. The research involved interviews with 39 university administrators and questionnaires completed by 390 policy-level university administrators. The findings reveal that, overall, policy and planning were rated at a high level ( = 3.95), representing the most emphasized factor among higher education institutions. Institutions have policies supporting education for learners of all ages. This is followed by learner qualifications, also rated at a high level ( = 3.84); elderly learners are able to participate in blended learning programs. The curriculum component was also rated at a high level ( = 3.75), showing a diverse range of teaching approaches with a learner-centered focus, particularly for elderly groups. Administrators were rated at a high level ( = 3.67); they promote inclusive learning through online platforms without restrictions on age or educational background. Instructors were rated at a high level ( = 3.62); they possess the necessary knowledge and attitude to continuously develop their potential in teaching learners of all ages, including the elderly. Finally, support services were also rated at a high level ( = 3.57), with specific scholarships and financial aid allocated for elderly learners.

SOCIAL SPACE IN SPATIAL CONFIGURATION AND OUTDOOR THERMAL COMFORT FRAMEWORK CASESTUDY OUTDOOR SPACE IN BANGKOK

2025-04-07T23:54:10+07:00

This study aimed to find the most appropriate model for the role of social space by selecting three sample areas in Bangkok with different characteristics: Hua Lamphong Station, Pathumwan Intersection, and Khlong Toei Flat 1 - 10 Community. A computer program was used to simulate shadowing, which is the main influence on thermal comfort. The shaded area was then averaged. The values obtained were overlapping in 3 time periods: morning 8.00 a.m., noon 12.00 p.m., and evening 5.00 p.m. of the months when the sun angles differ in 2 positions: the months when the sun is in the north for 1 day and the months when the sun is in the south for 1 day. The behavior of people using the space was observed by gate count, movement trace, and snape shot. The data was collected in 2 types of days: weekdays (Monday-Friday) and holidays (Saturday-Sunday). The results from the study of the sample areas can be summarized into 4 types of physical and social behavioral relationships: 1) Wide space network pattern 2) Compact space network pattern 3) Wide space enclosed pattern 4) Compact space enclosed pattern, Each model has different spatial properties and produces different social characteristics. However, the study is only a conclusion from 3 areas in Bangkok. The complexity of social space requires repetition in many areas, but the knowledge gained can be a preliminary guideline for physical design of other open spaces that need to have a role and function similar to the conclusion of the 4 pattern of this research, in order for sociality to be included in the space according to the objectives of the designer or those with authority, including responding to people's use appropriately and lively.

PROPOSED POLICY FOR DEVELOPING LEARNING LEADERSHIP OF SCHOOL ADMINISTRATORS IN THE DISRUPTIVE ERA AFFECTING SCHOOL EFFECTIVENESS UNDER THE SECONDARY EDUCATIONAL SERVICE AREA OFFICE IN THE SOUTHERN REGION

2025-04-13T21:58:25+07:00

This research aimed to 1) Examine the components of learning leadership among school administrators in the disruptive era under the Secondary Educational Service Area Office in the southern region of Thailand, 2) Develop and validate a causal relationship model of learning leadership affecting school effectiveness, and 3) Propose a policy for developing learning leadership of school administrators in the disruptive era affecting school effectiveness under the Secondary Educational Service Area Office in the southern region.The study adopted an explanatory sequential mixed methods design, conducted in three phases. The first phase involved qualitative research through in-depth interviews and content analysis of data collected from 7 purposively selected experts to identify the core components of learning leadership. The second phase utilized quantitative research to validate the proposed causal model. Data were collected using questionnaires from 811 school administrators and teachers in the region using multi-stage random sampling and analyzed with descriptive and inferential statistics to test the hypotheses. The third phase consisted of a focus group discussion with nine experts, followed by content analysis and descriptive statistics to propose policy The results revealed that learning leadership among school administrators in the disruptive era comprised six core components: Team Learning, Self-Directed Learning, Integration of Diversity, Environmental Management to Enhance Learning, Creativity, and Adopting of Advanced Technology to the Workplace. The analysis of the causal relationship model of learning leadership (SEM) demonstrated acceptable model fit indices, indicating that the model fits the empirical data well. The results of this study were used to develop a proposed policy aimed at systematically strengthening the learning leadership capabilities of school administrators in the disruptive era. This policy is intended to enhance the effectiveness of schools under the Secondary Educational Service Area Office in the southern region, ultimately contributing to a more efficient educational system.

CREATIVE COMMUNITY-BASED TOURISM MANAGEMENT MODEL OF BAN NONG WILAI COMMUNITY, UBON RATCHATHANI PROVINCE

2025-04-08T23:48:40+07:00

The research aimed to 1) Assess the community’s tourism potential, 2) Develop a process for building knowledge in creative community tourism management for the community, and 3) Propose an appropriate creative community tourism management model for the community. This research was a mixed-methods study. The sample consisted of 400 people who had visited the community, selected by convenience sampling. Data were collected using a questionnaire and analyzed using percentages, means, and standard deviations. Thirty key informants were the community committee, homestay group representatives, and representatives of Khemmarat Subdistrict Municipality, using purposive sampling. Data were collected using in-depth interviews and focus group discussion techniques, and descriptive content analysis. The research results revealed that 1) The overall community’s tourism potential was at a high level, except for community organization and community participation, which had a moderate tourism potential. 2) The development of a process for building knowledge in creative community tourism management for the community used a participatory process with community representatives, with experts in creative economy model management providing advice on effective practices, as well as organizing workshops, study visits at model communities for creative economy tourism management, experimenting with their own models, and summarizing lessons learned. And the creative community tourism management model that is appropriate for the community is the food cultural tourism model that is unique to the locality in terms of the ingredients used for cooking and cooking techniques. Currently, the community has adapted it to suit the popularity of tourists by organizing a food tourism model every Saturday evening in the community walking street area.